Search results for "physiologic"
showing 10 items of 2593 documents
Somatosensory Deviance Detection ERPs and Their Relationship to Analogous Auditory ERPs and Interoceptive Accuracy
2022
Abstract. Automatic deviance detection has been widely explored in terms of mismatch responses (mismatch negativity or mismatch response) and P3a components of event-related potentials (ERPs) under a predictive coding framework; however, the somatosensory mismatch response has been investigated less often regarding the different types of changes than its auditory counterpart. It is not known whether the deviance detection responses from different modalities correlate, reflecting a general prediction error mechanism of the central nervous system. Furthermore, interoceptive functions have been associated with predictive coding theory, but whether interoceptive accuracy correlates with devian…
Reduction of drive for thinness and body dissatisfaction in people with self-reported dysregulated eating behaviors after intermittent theta burst st…
2023
AimThis study aimed to explore the effect of intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) of the right and left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in people with self-reported dysregulated eating behaviors but without a diagnosis of eating disorders (EDs).MethodsParticipants were randomly divided into two equivalent groups according to the side (right or left) of the hemisphere to be stimulated and they were tested before and after a single iTBS session. Outcome measurements were scores on self-report questionnaires assessing psychological dimensions related to eating behaviors (EDI-3), anxiety (STAI-Y), and tonic electrodermal activity.ResultsThe iTBS interfered with both psychological …
Dysfunction of the mesolimbic circuit to food odors in women with anorexia and bulimia nervosa: A fMRI study
2019
Brain reward dysfunction in eating disorders has been widely reported. However, whether the neural correlates of hedonic and motivational experiences related to food cues are differentially affected in anorexia nervosa of restrictive type (ANr), bulimia nervosa (BN), and healthy control (HC) participants remains unknown. Here, 39 women (14 ANr, 13 BN, and 12 HC) underwent fMRI while smelling food or non-food odors in hunger and satiety states during liking and wanting tasks. ANr and BN patients reported less desire to eat odor-cued food and odor-cued high energy-density food (EDF), respectively. ANr patients exhibited lower ventral tegmental area (VTA) activation than BN patients to food od…
Respostas e adaptações de comunidades de colêmbolos (Hexapoda: Collembola) a condições de inundação e hipoxia
2009
Standard ecological methods (pitfall traps, trunk eclectors and soil cores) were used to evaluate collembolan community responses to different flooding intensities. Three sites of a floodplain habitat near Mainz, Germany, with different flooding regimes were investigated. The structures of collembolan communities are markedly different depending on flooding intensity. Sites more affected by flooding are dominated by hygrophilic and hygrotolerant species, whereas the hardwood floodplain is dominated by mesophilic species. The survival strategies of the hygrophilic and hygrotolerant species include egg diapause and passive drifting. The physiological adaptations to hypoxic conditions of sever…
Individual vulnerability to stress is associated with increased demand for intravenous heroin self-administration in rats
2019
AbstractOpioid use is a widespread epidemic, and traumatic stress exposure is a critical risk factor in opioid use and relapse. There is a significant gap in our understanding of how stress contributes to heroin use, and there are limited studies investigating individual differences underlying stress reactivity and subsequent stress-induced heroin self-administration. We hypothesized that greater individual vulnerability to stress would predict higher demand for heroin self-administration in a within-subjects rodent model of stress and heroin use comorbidity. Male rats were exposed to inescapable intermittent swim stress and individual biological (corticosterone) or behavioral (open field, …
Cognitive and neuropsychological profiles of the elderly
1993
Testing the cognitive functions of the elderly is often eclectic and atheoretical. We take a theoretical model, simultaneous and successive processing, and the tests derived from it to describe the cognitive functions of the elderly. Subsequently, the performance of an elderly sample on a battery of neuropsychological tests is examined and also understood in relation to the two processing modes. Subjects were 81 individuals, 75 years old, from a population of nearly 300 persons participating in a Finnish research project on aging. They were administered tests of simultaneous and successive processing as well as an extensive battery of neuropsychological tasks. Multivariate and univariate an…
Arithmetic disabilities with and without reading difficulties: A comparison of arithmetic errors
1995
Arithmetic errors of 80 children with arithmetic disabilities, representing 3% of a population‐based sample, and of 80 sex‐ and age‐matched control children were systematically analyzed. In Analysis 1, covariance structure modeling (LISREL) was applied to analyze relations between reading, as measured by text reading accuracy and speed, and arithmetic error types. The results demonstrated that reading accuracy and speed were connected to errors in multiplication fact retrieval. In Analysis 2, a classification of children with arithmetic disabilities into subgroups by reading accuracy and speed difficulties revealed that children with dysfluent reading made more fact‐retrieval errors than di…
Exercise effects on cardiovascular disease: from basic aspects to clinical evidence.
2021
Contains fulltext : 283453.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) Cardiovascular (CV) disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of major morbidity and CVD- and all-cause mortality in most of the world. It is now clear that regular physical activity (PA) and exercise training (ET) induces a wide range of direct and indirect physiologic adaptations and pleiotropic benefits for human general and CV health. Generally, higher levels of PA, ET, and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) are correlated with reduced risk of CVD, including myocardial infarction, CVD-related death, and all-cause mortality. Although exact details regarding the ideal doses of ET, including resistance and, especially, aerobi…
Vascular Changes and Aging
1998
The progress of cardiovascular prevention and the large use of antibiotics have determined in the last fifty years a progressive increase of life duration, especially in the western countries, and so, a noticeable increase of elderly subjects in the population (1,2).
Removing ocular artifacts from magnetoencephalographic data on naturalistic reading of continuous texts
2022
Naturalistic reading paradigms and stimuli consisting of long continuous texts are essential for characterizing the cortical basis of reading. Due to the highly dynamic nature of the reading process, electrophysiological brain imaging methods with high spatial and temporal resolution, such as magnetoencephalography (MEG), are ideal for tracking them. However, as electrophysiological recordings are sensitive to electromagnetic artifacts, data recorded during naturalistic reading is confounded by ocular artifacts. In this study, we evaluate two different pipelines for removing ocular artifacts from MEG data collected during continuous, naturalistic reading, with the focus on saccades and blin…