Search results for "physiologic"
showing 10 items of 2593 documents
Improving heartbeat perception in patients with medically unexplained symptoms reduces symptom distress.
2013
Abstract Distortions in interoceptive accuracy have been linked to somatoform disorders. In line with cognitive theories of symptom formation in somatoform disorders, decreases in interoceptive accuracy have recently been observed to co-occur with more severe symptom reports. The current study tested the hypothesis that experimentally increasing interoceptive accuracy should decrease symptom severity in somatoform disorders. Twenty-nine patients with somatoform disorders were instructed in a newly developed heartbeat perception training procedure. Heartbeat perception, as a proxy for interoceptive accuracy, was assessed with a mental tracking task. Although there were no significant differe…
Gender differences in cardiovascular and electrodermal responses to public speaking task: the role of anxiety and mood states
2002
Gender moderates psychophysiological responses to stress. In addition to the hormonal background, different psychological states related to social stressors, such as anxiety and mood, could affect this response. The purpose of this study was to examine the existence of gender differences in the cardiovascular and electrodermal responses to a speech task and their relationship with anxiety and the mood variations experienced. For this, non-specific skin conductance responses (NSRs), heart rate (HR), and finger pulse volume (FPV) were measured at rest, and during preparation, task and recovery periods of an academic career speech in undergraduate men (n=15) and women (n=23), with assessment o…
Intermittent cooling during judo training in a warm/humid environment reduces autonomic and hormonal impact
2018
Carballeira, E, Morales, J, Fukuda, DH, Granada, ML, Carratalá-Deval, V, López Díaz de Durana, A, and Stout, JR. Intermittent cooling during Judo training in a warm/humid environment reduces autonomic and hormonal impact. J Strength Cond Res 33(8): 2241-2250, 2019-The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of superficial cooling on physiological responses while training in a warm, humid environment during an international Judo training camp. Sixteen judokas (8 women and 8 men) participated in the experiment. Four high-level women and 4 men were randomly assigned to wear a cooling vest (vest group [VG]) during the recovery periods within a training session (i.e., 8 bouts of 5-minu…
The effects of light exposure on the cortisol stress response in human males.
2020
It is assumed that the production of cortisol is modulated by light exposure. While initial evidence supports this principal effect, the specific effect of light (intensity and wavelength) onto the cortisol stress response is still not completely understood. One between-subject experiment was conducted in a standardized sleep laboratory setting to investigate the effect of light intensity (dim white vs. bright white light) and spectral composition (red vs. blue) on the cortisol response after the Maastricht Acute Stress Test (MAST). 112 healthy young males (24.83 ± 4.10 years of age) were randomly assigned to one of the four light conditions. Across conditions, light exposure was conducted …
Assessing the antecedents and consequences of threat appraisal of an acute psychosocial stressor: the role of optimism, displacement behavior, and ph…
2018
The feeling of stress is increasing in today's societies, particularly in young adults subjected to social evaluative situations in highly competitive academic and work contexts. Threat appraisal is a primary and fundamental reaction when people face a stressful situation. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of dispositional optimism as an antecedent and displacement behavior as a consequence of threat appraisal of a social-evaluative situation of stress. A second objective was to verify the moderating role of physiological responses to stress (heart rate and cortisol reactivity) in the relationship between threat appraisal and displacement behavior. To do this, we combined th…
Effects of Basic Training on Acute Physiological Responses to a Combat Loaded Run Test
2010
ABSTRACTThe purpose of the study was to examine the effects of an 8-week basic training (BT) with added strength training (ST) or endurance training (ET) on both the performance of a 3K-combat loaded run test and the acute neuromuscular and hormonal responses. All training groups improved (p < 0.001) their run-test times: ST by 12.4%, ET by 11.6%, and normal training (NT) by 10.2%. Significant acute decreases were observed in maximal isometric force of leg extensors (p < 0.01–0.05) in all subject groups following the run. Increases were observed in acute testosterone responses (p < 0.001) after the test in all groups both at pre- and post-training. However, ET and NT demonstrated lower (p <…
Hypnotic hypo- and hyperalgesia: divergent effects on pain ratings and pain-related cerebral potentials.
1993
Pain ratings and pain-related cerebral potentials in response to noxious stimuli were investigated under hypnotic hypo- or hyperalgesia. Out of a sample of 50 subjects the 10 most highly hypnotizable were selected using the Stanford Hypnotic Susceptibility Scale. Phasic pain was induced by brief electrical stimuli intracutaneously applied to the subject's left middle finger. The subjects took part in three experimental sessions. The first session was without hypnosis for familiarization with the experimental surroundings. In the two other sessions, the subjects were hypnotized and given a suggestion of analgesia or hyperalgesia with respect to pain sensation in the left hand. The sequence o…
Effect of serotonin uptake inhibition by zimelidine on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal activity
1983
Plasma ACTH levels after oral ingestion of 2 g metyrapone at 24.00 hours in six healthy subjects were higher after pretreatment with zimelidine (300 mg) in comparison to placebo. Since zimelidine is a relatively selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor its action on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) activity suggests that serotonin is a potent stimulator of ACTH release. The ratio of cortisol to 11-deoxycortisol was taken as a measure of 11-hydroxylase activity, which indicates biological activity of secreted ACTH. These cortisol/11-deoxycortisol ratios were significantly increased after zimelidine treatment, when compared to placebo. Both the ACTH response and the cortisol/11-deoxycortiso…
Assessment of Pulmonary Mechanics and Gastric Inflation Pressure During Mask Ventilation
1995
AbstractIntroduction:Mask ventilation is a procedure routinely used in emergency medicine. Potential hazards are inadequate alveolar ventilation and inflation of the stomach with air, leading to subsequent regurgitation and aspiration. The aim of this study was to measure lung function and gastric inflation pressures during mask ventilation.Methods:For this purpose, 31 patients scheduled for routine urological procedures were studied during induction of anesthesia. Lung function was assessed by recording respiratory flow and pressure directly at the face mask. Gastric inflation was observed with a microphone taped to the epigastric area.Results:Gastric inflation occurred in 22 of the 31 pat…
Redundant and synergistic information transfer in cardiovascular and cardiorespiratory variability
2015
In the framework of information dynamics, new tools are emerging which allow one to quantify how the information provided by two source processes about a target process results from the contribution of each source and from the interaction between the sources. We present the first implementation of these tools in the assessment of short-term cardiovascular and cardiorespiratory variability, by introducing two strategies for the decomposition of the information transferred to heart period (HP) variability from systolic arterial pressure (SAP) and respiration flow (RF) variability. Several measures based on the notion of transfer entropy (TE) are defined to quantify joint, individual and redun…