Search results for "phéromone"
showing 10 items of 12 documents
Evolution of sexually dimorphic pheromone profiles coincides with increased number of male‐specific chemosensory organs in Drosophila prolongata
2019
Abstract Binary communication systems that involve sex‐specific signaling and sex‐specific signal perception play a key role in sexual selection and in the evolution of sexually dimorphic traits. The driving forces and genetic changes underlying such traits can be investigated in systems where sex‐specific signaling and perception have emerged recently and show evidence of potential coevolution. A promising model is found in Drosophila prolongata, which exhibits a species‐specific increase in the number of male chemosensory bristles. We show that this transition coincides with recent evolutionary changes in cuticular hydrocarbon (CHC) profiles. Long‐chain CHCs that are sexually monomorphic …
Drosophila cuticular hydrocarbons revisited : Mating status alters cuticular profiles
2010
Editor: Frederic Marion-Poll, INRA - Paris 6 - AgroParisTech, France.; International audience; Most living organisms use pheromones for inter-individual communication. In Drosophila melanogaster flies, several pheromones perceived either by contact/at a short distance (cuticular hydrocarbons, CHs), or at a longer distance (cis-vaccenyl acetate, cVA), affect courtship and mating behaviours. However, it has not previously been possible to precisely identify all potential pheromonal compounds and simultaneously monitor their variation on a time scale. To overcome this limitation, we combined Solid Phase Micro-Extraction with gas-chromatography coupled with mass-spectrometry. This allowed us (i…
Experimental Introgression To Evaluate the Impact of Sex Specific Traits on Drosophila melanogaster Incipient Speciation
2019
AbstractSex specific traits are involved in speciation but it is difficult to determine whether their variation initiates or reinforces sexual isolation. In some insects, speciation depends of the rapid change of expression in desaturase genes coding for sex pheromones. Two closely related desaturase genes are involved in Drosophila melanogaster pheromonal communication: desat1 affects both the production and the reception of sex pheromones while desat2 is involved in their production in flies of Zimbabwe populations. There is a strong asymmetric sexual isolation between Zimbabwe populations and all other “Cosmopolitan” populations: Zimbabwe females rarely copulate with Cosmopolitan males w…
Olfactory attraction of the hornet Vespa velutina to honeybee colony odors and pheromones.
2014
19 pages; International audience; Since the beginning of the last century, the number of biological invasions has continuously increased worldwide. Due to their environmental and economical consequences, invasive species are now a major concern. Social wasps are particularly efficient invaders because of their distinctive biology and behavior. Among them, the yellow-legged hornet, Vespa velutina, is a keen hunter of domestic honeybees. Its recent introduction to Europe may induce important beekeeping, pollination, and biodiversity problems. Hornets use olfactory cues for the long-range detection of food sources, in this case the location of honeybee colonies, but the exact nature of these c…
effects of early combined pheromone and food exposure on the behavioral development of adult drosophila melanogaster
2023
In Drosophila melanogaster, pheromonal communication is mainly mediated through sex-specific cuticular hydrocarbons (and derived compounds) and the male lipidic pheromone 11 - cis - Vaccényl Acétate (cVA). When deposited together on the feeding substrate they attract conspecifics males and females, promoting mating and collective behaviors. Initially described as stereotyped, recent findings showed that adult response to pheromones could be plastic and depend on the juvenile experience of an individual (i.e. imprinting). In this context, we studied cVA imprinting through its aggregative effect in individuals whose imprinting has been manipulated.The first goal, behavioral, was to study long…
Chemical Cues Influence Pupation Behavior of Drosophila simulans and Drosophila buzzatii in Nature and in the Laboratory.
2012
International audience; In the wild, larvae of several species of Drosophila develop in heterogeneous and rapidly changing environments sharing resources as food and space. In this scenario, sensory systems contribute to detect, localize and recognize congeners and heterospecifics, and provide information about the availability of food and chemical features of environments where animals live. We investigated the behavior of D. simulans and D. buzzatii larvae to chemicals emitted by conspecific and heterospecific larvae. Our goal was to understand the role of these substances in the selection of pupation sites in the two species that cohabit within decaying prickly pear fruits (Opuntia ficus…
Experience influences elemental and configural perception of certain binary odour mixtures in newborn rabbits.
2011
SUMMARY Elemental and configural olfactory perception allows interaction with the environment from very early in life. To evaluate how newborn rabbits can extract and respond to information from the highly complex chemical surroundings, and how experience acts on this sensory, cognitive and behavioural capability, we ran a study in four steps including a total of eight experiments. We mainly used a binary AB mixture comprising ethyl isobutyrate (component A) and ethyl maltol (component B), previously shown as a bearer of blending properties; in rabbit pups (as in human adults), the mixture elicits a weak configural perception, i.e. the perception of a configural odour different from the odo…
THE RED PALM WEEVIL IN SICILY: THE INTRODUCTION AND SPREAD OF AN INVASIVE ALIEN SPECIES
2013
The red palm weevil (RPW), Rhynchophorus ferrugineus Olivier (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), is a pest from Southeast Asia accidentally introduced into North Africa and Europe two decades ago. In Sicily, RPW was recorded for the first time in 2005, then, in few years, it established becoming the most severe pest of ornamental palm species in urban, monumental and country areas. In this paper, we first report the history of its introduction and spread. Then, we reviewed the preventative and curative strategies that have been implemented with variable degrees of success in containing the invasive alien pest. Finally, we focus on the development of new strategies to detect early infestations and …
A multitask mammalian chemosignal and the definition of pheromones
2016
A multitask mammalian chemosignal and the definition of pheromones. 26. annual meeting of the european-chemoreception-research-organization (ECRO)
Rôle des enzymes du métabolisme des xénobiotiques dans les processus chimiosensoriels. Contribution de deux modèles de perception phéromonale
2009
Diplôme : Dr. d'Université; Résumé : Les individus peuvent détecter les stimuli présents dans l'environnement (nourriture, partenaire sexuel, ...) par l'intermédiaire de processus de chimioperception. Pour être efficace, ces processus doivent être très sensibles, discriminants et éviter la saturation des récepteurs. Dans l'espace périrécepteur, les enzymes du métabolisme des xénobiotiques (EMX), impliquées dans la détoxication en catalysant la biotransformation des xénobiotiques, pourraient avoir un rôle crucial dans la modification ou l'arrêt du signal sensoriel. Pour étudier l'implication des EMX dans les processus chimiosensoriels et particulièrement dans la perception phéromonale, deux …