Search results for "pilot"
showing 10 items of 717 documents
SELF-TUNING FUZZY CONTROL OF A ROTARY DRYER
2002
Abstract Drying, especially rotary drying is without doubt one of the oldest and most common unit operations in industries. It is a very complex non-linear process including the movement of solids in addition to thermal drying. This means that both the modelling and control of a rotary dryer is difficult with conventional methods. The aim of this research was to improve dryer control by developing control systems based on self-tuning PID-type fuzzy logic controllers. The behaviour of the control systems has been tested with simulations based on the model of a pilot plant dryer located in the Control Engineering Laboratory at the University of Oulu. The control results have been compared ach…
Industrial Microreactor Process Development up to Production
2008
This chapter is about industrial applications of microprocess technology. Industry is not very active in publishing not only because of confidentiality reasons but also because of the absence of direct need for a corresponding profile. Thus, one cannot expect that the ongoing developments can be shown with a similar degree of completeness, clarity and detailedness, as this is possible for reviewing scientific contributions from academy with a wealth of peer-reviewed papers. Especially, the information of major interest of what has been transferred to production and how do the companies make profit with the new technology is usually kept secret. Thus, it has to be accepted that some informat…
An integrated model for physical-biological wastewater organic removal in a submerged membrane bioreactor: Model development and parameter estimation
2008
The paper presents the setting up of a mathematical model for membrane bioreactor able to simulate physical-biological wastewater organic removal. The model is basically divided into two sub-models: the first sub-model is basically devoted for the simulation of the biological features and the second one for the physical processes. In particular regarding the biological aspects, the ASM concept has been employed. On the other hand, the physical processes have been modelled considering the deep-bed theory taking into account not only the effect of the physical membrane filtration but also the cake layer effect. This latter operates as a biological membrane leading to a further reduction of th…
A fuzzy-logic-based controller for methane production in anaerobic fixed-film reactors
2017
The main objective of this work was to develop a controller for biogas production in continuous anaerobic fixed-bed reactors, which used effluent total volatile fatty acids (VFA) concentration as control input in order to prevent process acidification at closed loop. To this aim, a fuzzy-logic-based control system was developed, tuned and validated in an anaerobic fixed-bed reactor at pilot scale that treated industrial winery wastewater. The proposed controller varied the flow rate of wastewater entering the system as a function of the gaseous outflow rate of methane and VFA concentration. Simulation results show that the proposed controller is capable to achieve great process stability ev…
A measurement methodology for monitoring a CHCP pilot plant for an office building
2003
Abstract In Mediterranean areas, climate conditions determine quite equal demand both for thermal and cooling energy. The possibility to convert a cooling demand in thermal one through an absorption chiller allows to extend widely the number of running hours of a cogeneration plant. A trigeneration pilot plant for two office building is described, in which an integrated lay-out includes a NG prime mover with heat exchanger, an absorption chiller and a reversible heat pump. The pilot plant is completed and pre-running test were performed. Different fluid dynamics parameters will be monitored, in order to build the actual cumulative curve for thermal power. The measurement methodology is also…
Exposure and risk assessment to arsenic species in Spanish children using biomonitoring
2018
We present a new approach to arsenic (As) risk assessment using biomonitoring. In this pilot study we determined the levels of total and speciated urinary arsenicin 109 Spanish school children aged between 6 and 11 years, and interpreted these concentrations in a risk assessment context. The geometric mean (GM) for total As (TAs) was 33.82 mu/L. The order of occurrence and average concentrations of the different species was arsenobetaine (AsB) (100%, 15 mu g/L), dimethylarsinic (DMA) (97%, 8.32 mu g/L), monomethylarsonic (MMA) (26%, 027 mu g/L) and inorganic As (iAs) (4%, 0.14 mu g/L). 18% of children presented exposures to inorganic arsenic (7.52 mu g/g creatinine) higher than guidance val…
Reverse electrodialysis performed at pilot plant scale: Evaluation of redox processes and simultaneous generation of electric energy and treatment of…
2017
Abstract This paper describes the experimental campaign carried out with a reverse electrodialysis (RED) demonstration plant (Marsala, Italy) with the main aims of: (i) evaluating the effect of various operating parameters, including the redox processes, on the system performances; (ii) using the plant for the simultaneous generation of electric energy and treatment of wastewater. The prototype (44 × 44 cm2, 500 cell pairs) was tested using both real (brackish water and brine) and artificial solutions. Tests with two different electrode rinse solutions (with or without iron redox couples) were performed. In agreement with the data obtained in the laboratory, the presence of iron ions contri…
Greenhouse gas emissions and the links to plant performance in a fixed-film activated sludge membrane bioreactor - Pilot plant experimental evidence
2017
The present study explores the interlinkages among the operational variables of a University of Cape Town (UCT) Integrated Fixed Film Activated Sludge (IFAS) membrane bioreactor (MBR) pilot plant. Specifically, dedicated experimental tests were carried out with the final aim to find-out a constitutive relationship among operational costs (OCs), effluent quality index (EQI), effluent fines (EF). Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions were also included in the study. Results showed that the EQI increases at low flow rate likely due to the dissolved oxygen (DO) limitation in the biological processes. Direct GHGs increase with the increasing of the air flow due to the anoxic N2O contribution. Irreversi…
Fate of endocrine disruptor compounds in an anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) coupled to an activated sludge reactor
2018
[EN] The occurrence and fate of three groups of micropollutants - alkylphenols, pentachlorophenol and hormones - were studied in a pilot plant consisting of an anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) coupled to an activated sludge reactor (University of Cape Town configuration - UCT). Under anaerobic conditions, the octylphenol and technical-nonylphenol soluble concentrations increased producing negative degradation ratios (i.e., -175 and -118%, respectively). However, high 4-n-nonylphenol and bisphenol-A degradation ratios (92 and 59% for 4-n-nonylphenol and bisphenol-A, respectively) as well as complete pentachlorophenol, estrone, 17 beta-estradiol and 17 alpha-ethinylestradiol removal were…
Study of the factors affecting activated sludge settling in domestic wastewater treatment plants
1992
A study has been made of the influence of the process parameters on the settling characteristics of sludge in domestic wastewater treatment plants. The experiments were conducted at a pilot plant situated at the Wastewater Treatment Plant of Valencia, Spain (1,000,000 inhabitants). The influent to the pilot plant was the same as that of the plant. It was found that F/M ratios in the range of 0.25-0.60 g DBO5/g MLVSS day produce values of SVI representative of good settleability of the sludge. Values of sulphide concentration in the influent above 1.0 mg/l negatively affect the process, causing bulking and floating sludge. High values of fats were found to have no influence on the SVI, but d…