Search results for "pine"

Determinants of Sleepiness at Wheel and Missing Accidents in Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea

2021

Study ObjectivesMotor-vehicle crashes are frequent in untreated OSA patients but there is still uncertainty on prevalence as well as physiological or clinical determinants of sleepiness at the wheel (SW) in OSA patients. We assessed determinants of SW or sleepiness related near-miss car accident (NMA) in a group of non-professional drivers with OSA.MethodsA 237 consecutive, treatment-naïve PSG-diagnosed OSA patients (161 males, 53.1 ± 12.6 years) were enrolled. Self-reported SW was assessed by positive answer to the question, “Have you had episodes of falling asleep while driving or episodes of drowsiness at wheel that could interfere with your driving skill in the last year?” Occurrence of…

Conservative Management for Odontoid Cervical Fractures: Halo or Rigid Cervical Collar?

2016

Odontoid fractures are the most common fractures of the cervical spine, especially in the elderly. They account for approximately one third of cervical spine fractures, and with the aging of the world population, the incidence and clinical and social relevance of such pathology are likely to increase. Odontoid fractures may occur from high-energy mechanisms, particularly in younger patients, but low-energy trauma may be the causative factor in the geriatric population. Overall, the treatment of patients with odontoid process fractures is based on the type of the fracture, patient's health status, age, association with neurologic deficits, and personal preference of the surgeon. Relative ind…

Exercise performance in hypertensives: felodipine vs cilazapril cross-over study

1999

Adrenergic Stimulation of Cyclic GMP Formation Requires NO-Dependent Activation of Cytosolic Guanylate Cyclase in Rat Pinealocytes

1993

Cyclic GMP (cGMP) formation in rat pinealocytes is regulated through a synergistic dual receptor mechanism involving beta- and alpha 1-adrenergic receptors. The effects of NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (NMMA), which inhibits nitric oxide (NO) synthase and NO-mediated activation of cytosolic guanylate cyclase, and methylene blue (MB), which inhibits cytosolic guanylate cyclase, were investigated in an attempt to understand the role of NO in adrenergic cGMP formation. Both NMMA and MB inhibited beta-adrenergic stimulation of cGMP formation as well as alpha 1-adrenergic potentiation of beta-adrenergic stimulation of cGMP formation, whereas they had no effect in unstimulated pinealocytes. The inhibi…

A retrospective study of 72 cases diagnosed with idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia in indian populace

2014

Context: Trigeminal neuralgia is as a chronic, debilitating condition, which can have a major impact on quality of life. There are few reports of trigeminal neuralgia in oriental populations. Objectives: To evaluate the retrospective data of the patients diagnosed with idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia and to understanding the disorder in the Indian populace. Methods: The retrospective data of 72 patients with typical idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia regarding age of onset, gender, site of involvement, clinical presentations and treatment received during three years of the follow up was collected and analyzed. Results: In the present retrospective study, the mean age was 54.9 years; female to …

Inhibitory and excitatory muscarinic receptors modulating the release of acetylcholine from the postganglionic parasympathetic neuron of the chicken …

1992

The effects of muscarinic receptor antagonists on ACh release were studied in the absence or presence of cholinesterase (ChE) inhibition using the isolated perfused chicken heart. Presynaptic inhibitory muscarinic autoreceptor were characterized by determining the potency of various antagonists to enhance [3H]-ACh release evoked by field stimulation (3 Hz, 1 min). The order of potencies was: (±)-telenzepine > atropine > 4-DAMP > silahexocyclium > pirenzepine > hexahydro-siladifenidol > AF-DX 116. The comparison with known pA2 values for M1-, M2- and M3-receptors revealed that the presynaptic autoreceptor meets the criteria of an M1-receptor. Basal, not electrically evoked overflow of unlabe…

Two types of neuronal muscarine receptors modulating acetylcholine release from guinea-pig myenteric plexus

1985

Longitudinal muscle strips of the guinea-pig ileum were incubated with [3H]choline and the effects of muscarinic agonists on smooth muscle contraction and on spontaneous and electrically-evoked outflow of tritium were studied. Muscarine and pilocarpine concentration-dependently increased both muscle contraction and spontaneous outflow of [3H]ACh, and inhibited the electrically-evoked outflow of [3H]ACh. The increase in spontaneous outflow was prevented by tetrodotoxin and scopolamine, but not by hexamethonium. Oxotremorine (1-100 microM) did not increase the spontaneous outflow of tritium. Pirenzepine in concentrations of 10 and 100 nM hardly affected the muscle contractions induced by pilo…

Pineal 'synaptic' ribbons in sympathectomized rats.

1989

The melatonin metabolism in the mammalian pineal gland is under the clear influence of sympathetic fibers originating in the superior cervical ganglia (SCG). Previous studies suggested that also pineal ‘synaptic’ ribbons (SR) are regulated by the gland’s sympathetic innervation. To gain more insight into the mechanisms involved SR numbers were determined in adult rats which were chemically sympathectomized as newborns by injection of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). In control animals (saline injections), a clear day/night difference in the number of SR is present. In sympathectomized animals SR are higher in number throughout the 24-hour cycle but are not significantly elevated at night. The pr…

Effects of Middle-Term Treatment with Nifedipine on Hemodynamic Parameters and on Left Ventricular Function in Hypertensive Patients

1988

Acetylcholine mediates the release of IL-8 in human bronchial epithelial cells by a NFkB/ERK-dependent mechanism

2007

Acetylcholine may play a role in cell activation and airway inflammation. We evaluated the levels of both mRNA and protein of muscarinic M(1), M(2), M(3) receptors in human bronchial epithelial cell line (16HBE). 16HBE cells were also stimulated with acetylcholine and extracellular signal-regulated kinase1/2 (ERK1/2) and NFkB pathway activation as well as the IL-8 release was assessed in the presence or absence of the inhibitor of Protein-kinase (PKC) (GF109203X), of the inhibitor of mitogenic activated protein-kinase kinase (MAPKK) (PDO9805), of the inhibitor of kinaseB-alpha phosphorilation (pIkBalpha) (BAY11-7082), and of muscarinic receptor antagonists tiotropium bromide, 4-Diphenylacet…