Search results for "plasma physics"

showing 10 items of 393 documents

The role of radiative losses in the late evolution of pulse-heated coronal loops/strands

2012

Radiative losses from optically thin plasma are an important ingredient for modeling plasma confined in the solar corona. Spectral models are continuously updated to include the emission from more spectral lines, with significant effects on radiative losses, especially around 1 MK. We investigate the effect of changing the radiative losses temperature dependence due to upgrading of spectral codes on predictions obtained from modeling plasma confined in the solar corona. The hydrodynamic simulation of a pulse-heated loop strand is revisited comparing results using an old and a recent radiative losses function. We find significant changes in the plasma evolution during the late phases of plas…

Physics010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesFOS: Physical sciencesAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstrophysicsCoronal loopPlasma01 natural sciencesSpectral lineComputational physicsPulse (physics)Cooling rateSettore FIS/05 - Astronomia E AstrofisicaAstrophysics - Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsSpace and Planetary ScienceSun: X-rays gamma rays Sun: corona Sun: UV radiation Sun: activity radiation mechanisms: thermal hydrodynamicsPhysics::Plasma Physics0103 physical sciencesPhysics::Space PhysicsRadiative transferX-rays gamma rays Sun: corona Sun: UV radiation Sun: activity radiation mechanisms: thermal hydrodynamics [Sun]010303 astronomy & astrophysicsSolar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)0105 earth and related environmental sciencesPlasma density
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Numerical Simulations of Jets from Active Galactic Nuclei

2019

Numerical simulations have been playing a crucial role in the understanding of jets from active galactic nuclei (AGN) since the advent of the first theoretical models for the inflation of giant double radio galaxies by continuous injection in the late 1970s. In the almost four decades of numerical jet research, the complexity and physical detail of simulations, based mainly on a hydrodynamical/magneto-hydrodynamical description of the jet plasma, have been increasing with the pace of the advance in theoretical models, computational tools and numerical methods. The present review summarizes the status of the numerical simulations of jets from AGNs, from the formation region in the neighborho…

PhysicsActive galactic nucleus010308 nuclear & particles physicsRadio galaxyplasma physicslcsh:AstronomyNumerical analysisAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaTheoretical modelsAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstrophysicsPlasmaAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics01 natural scienceslcsh:QB1-991Astrophysical jetmagneto-hydrodynamics0103 physical sciencesactive galactic nucleinumerical methodsMagnetohydrodynamics010303 astronomy & astrophysicsPhenomenology (particle physics)Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysicsrelativistic jetsGalaxies
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Unveiling the spatial structure of the overionized plasma in the supernova remnant W49B

2011

W49B is a mixed-morphology supernova remnant with thermal X-ray emission dominated by the ejecta. In this remnant, the presence of overionized plasma has been directly established, with information about its spatial structure. However, the physical origin of the overionized plasma in W49B has not yet been understood. We investigate this intriguing issue through a 2D hydrodynamic model that takes into account, for the first time, the mixing of ejecta with the inhomogeneous circumstellar and interstellar medium, the thermal conduction, the radiative losses from optically thin plasma, and the deviations from equilibrium of ionization induced by plasma dynamics. The model was set up on the basi…

PhysicsAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaContinuum (design consultancy)Astronomy and AstrophysicsAstrophysicsPlasmaThermal conductionInterstellar mediumPhysics::Plasma PhysicsSpace and Planetary ScienceIonizationRadiative transferEjectaSupernova remnantAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsMonthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
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Dynamic regimes of cyclotron instability in the afterglow mode of minimum-Belectron cyclotron resonance ion source plasma

2016

The paper is concerned with the dynamic regimes of cyclotron instabilities in non-equilibrium plasma of a minimum-B electron cyclotron resonance ion source operated in pulsed mode. The instability appears in decaying ion source plasma shortly (1–10 ms) after switching off the microwave radiation of the klystron, and manifests itself in the form of powerful pulses of electromagnetic emission associated with precipitation of high-energy electrons along the magnetic field lines. Recently it was shown that this plasma instability causes perturbations of the extracted ion current, which limits the performance of the ion source and generates strong bursts of bremsstrahlung emission. In this artic…

PhysicsAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaCyclotron resonanceCondensed Matter PhysicsLower hybrid oscillation01 natural sciencesElectron cyclotron resonanceFourier transform ion cyclotron resonance010305 fluids & plasmasTwo-stream instabilityNuclear Energy and EngineeringPhysics::Plasma Physics0103 physical sciencesElectromagnetic electron waveCyclotron radiationAtomic physics010306 general physicsIon cyclotron resonancePlasma Physics and Controlled Fusion
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IBSIMU: a three-dimensional simulation software for charged particle optics.

2010

A general-purpose three-dimensional (3D) simulation code IBSIMU for charged particle optics with space charge is under development at JYFL. The code was originally developed for designing a slit-beam plasma extraction and nanosecond scale chopping for pulsed neutron generator, but has been developed further and has been used for many applications. The code features a nonlinear FDM Poisson's equation solver based on fast stabilized biconjugate gradient method with ILU0 preconditioner for solving electrostatic fields. A generally accepted nonlinear plasma model is used for plasma extraction. Magnetic fields can be imported to the simulations from other programs. The particle trajectories are …

PhysicsBiconjugate gradient methodbusiness.industryCyclotronParticle acceleratorPlasmaSolverCharged particlelaw.inventionOpticsNeutron generatorPhysics::Plasma PhysicslawPoisson's equationbusinessInstrumentationThe Review of scientific instruments
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Absorbing anisotropic and gyrotropic slab between crossed polarizers in parallel light

1980

When a birefringent slab is rotated between two crossed polarizers, the four maxima and four minima of the transmitted intensity occur, as known, at every π/4 radians. If the slab is also optically active, the maxima and minima are arranged in other patterns that may be grouped according to the number of extrema met in one complete turn of the slab: four or eight. All the possible patterns are classified and each is related to some peculiarity of the complex refractive index of the slab.

PhysicsBirefringencebusiness.industryGeneral EngineeringPhysics::OpticsPolarizerPhysics::Classical Physicslaw.inventionMaxima and minimaLight intensityOpticsPhysics::Plasma PhysicslawTurn (geometry)SlabbusinessMaximaRefractive indexJournal of the Optical Society of America
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Plasma emission at the laser tripled frequency

2003

The third harmonic generation in the skin-layer of a dense hot plasma due to inverse bremsstrahlung is investigated for regimes having increasing experimental relevance. New analytical dependencies of the radiation flux density at the frequency 3ω on the plasma and fundamental wave parameters are established.

PhysicsBremsstrahlungGeneral Physics and AstronomyInversePlasmaLaserElectromagnetic radiationlaw.inventionRadiation fluxPhysics::Plasma PhysicslawHigh harmonic generationThird harmonicAtomic physicsPhysics Letters A
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Band Structures in 96Zr and 98Zr Studied Through the High-Spin Beta Decays of the Y Parents

1988

The isotopes 96Zr and 98Zr are presently subject to intensive studies since their properties play a key role in the understanding of the rapid transition from spherical to deformed nuclear shapes at N ∼ 60. An interesting question is the strength of the subshell closures at Z = 38,40 and N = 56 and to which extent the structure of 96Zr, 98Zr and of their immediate neighbours is influenced by these shell effects. There is evidence, although limited, for closed- shell-or individual-particle character of these nuclei, but more information on the nature of the excited states, especially those with sizeable spins is desired. This is expected to help clarifying the situation with respect to the p…

PhysicsCharacter (mathematics)SpinsCondensed matter physicsBeta (plasma physics)Excited stateShell (structure)Structure (category theory)Halo nucleusSpin (physics)
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Laser cooling of relativistic heavy-ion beams for FAIR

2015

Laser cooling is a powerful technique to reduce the longitudinal momentum spread of stored relativistic ion beams. Based on successful experiments at the experimental storage ring at GSI in Darmstadt, of which we show some important results in this paper, we present our plans for laser cooling of relativistic ion beams in the future heavy-ion synchrotron SIS100 at the Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research in Darmstadt.

PhysicsCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSynchrotronCharged particlelaw.inventionIonNuclear physicsPhysics::Plasma PhysicslawAntiprotonLaser coolingAntimatterPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsFacility for Antiproton and Ion ResearchPhysics::Atomic PhysicsNuclear ExperimentMathematical PhysicsStorage ringPhysica Scripta
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Position-sensitive ion detection in precision Penning trap mass spectrometry

2009

A commercial, position-sensitive ion detector was used for the first time for the time-of-flight ion-cyclotron resonance detection technique in Penning trap mass spectrometry. In this work, the characteristics of the detector and its implementation in a Penning trap mass spectrometer will be presented. In addition, simulations and experimental studies concerning the observation of ions ejected from a Penning trap are described. This will allow for a precise monitoring of the state of ion motion in the trap.

PhysicsCondensed Matter::Quantum GasesNuclear and High Energy PhysicsDelay-line detectorFOS: Physical sciencesPenning trap mass spectrometryIon opticsPenning trapMass spectrometryBeam diagnosticsFourier transform ion cyclotron resonanceIon sourceSecondary ion mass spectrometryTOF-ICRPhysics::Plasma PhysicsIon trapPhysics::Atomic PhysicsPosition-sensitive ion detectionNuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)Atomic physicsTime-of-flight mass spectrometryNuclear ExperimentNuclear ExperimentInstrumentationHybrid mass spectrometer
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