Search results for "polarization."
showing 10 items of 1842 documents
High speed cleaving of crystals with ultrafast Bessel beams
2017
International audience; We develop a novel concept for ultra-high speed cleaving of crystalline materials with femtosecond lasers. Using Bessel beams in single shot, fracture planes can be induced nearly all along the Bessel zone in sapphire. For the first time, we show that only for a pulse duration below 650 fs, a single fracture can be induced in sapphire, while above this duration, cracks appear in all crystallographic orientations. We determine the influential parameters which are polarization direction, crystallographic axes and scanning direction. This is applied to cleave sapphire with a spacing as high as 25 μm between laser impacts.
Reduction of the internal electric field in GaN/AlN quantum dots grown on the a ‐plane of SiC substrates
2005
We present a study of the emission of a multi-layer stack of self-assembled GaN/AlN quantum dots grown on the a -plane of 6H-SiC. We look for signatures of the internal electric field in the power dependence of the time-integrated and time-resolved photoluminescence spectra. The lack of a dynamical red-shift reveals that internal electric fields are significantly reduced in these dots. A band on the low energy side of the emission is observed whose intensity quenches fast when increasing the temperature. The polarization selection rules of the emission are examined in order to determine the physical nature of this band. (© 2005 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Single crystal EXAFS at high pressure
2000
Abstract We present a new technique for structure characterization under high pressure conditions. The use of an undulator beam of the third-generation ESRF source of synchrotron radiation has enabled the first single crystal EXAFS experiments at high pressure using a diamond anvil cell as pressure generator. Taking advantage of the linear polarization of X-rays the technique becomes an orientation-selective probe of the local structure of materials. We describe the principle of the technique and some applications.
Nouveaux systèmes de contrôle de la polarisation de la lumière par effets non lineaires dans les fibres optiques
2013
This thesis deals with the work the development of an all-optical device for the control of the polarization state of light. Actually, this feature of light remains so far an uncontrolled variable, which can degrade the performances of all-optical systems. Based on nonlinear interaction between two counterpropagating waves inside an optical fiber, this device called polarization attractor allows to control the polarization state of light without polarization dependent losses.In a first part, we carry out extensive studies of the polarization attractor properties leading to the control and the regeneration of the polarization state of the 10-Gb/s NRZ and RZ telecommunication signals. Then, t…
3D acquisition system for transparent objects
2010
This thesis deals with a new automated tridimensional inspection system for transparent surfaces, based on polarization analysis. We first present an extension of the ‘Shape from Polarization’ method for transparent surfaces. After being reflected, an unpolarized light wave becomes partially linearly polarized, depending on the surface normal and on the refractive index of the media it impinges on. Hence, by measuring the polarization parameters of the reflected light, the surface normals are computed. The ambiguity concerning the normal orientation is solved here with a multispectral lighting system. Finally, the description of the whole acquisition prototype is given as well as some exper…
Combining omnidirectional vision with polarization vision for robot navigation
2012
Polarization is the phenomenon that describes the oscillations orientations of the light waves which are restricted in direction. Polarized light has multiple uses in the animal kingdom ranging from foraging, defense and communication to orientation and navigation. Chapter (1) briefly covers some important aspects of polarization and explains our research problem. We are aiming to use a polarimetric-catadioptric sensor since there are many applications which can benefit from such combination in computer vision and robotics specially robot orientation (attitude estimation) and navigation applications. Chapter (2) mainly covers the state of art of visual based attitude estimation.As the unpol…
VLBA polarimetric monitoring of 3C 111
2018
Context. While studies of large samples of jets of active galactic nuclei (AGN) are important in order to establish a global picture, dedicated single-source studies are an invaluable tool for probing crucial processes within jets on parsec scales. These processes involve in particular the formation and geometry of the jet magnetic field as well as the flow itself. Aims. We aim to better understand the dynamics within relativistic magneto-hydrodynamical flows in the extreme environment and close vicinity of supermassive black holes. Methods. We analyze the peculiar radio galaxy 3C 111, for which long-Term polarimetric observations are available. We make use of the high spatial resolution of…
Searching for signatures around 1920 MeV of a N-* state of three hadron nature
2009
We provide a series of arguments which support the idea that the peak seen in the gamma p -> K+ Lambda reaction around 1920 MeV should correspond to the recently predicted state of J(P) = 1/2(+) as a bound state of K(K) over bar N with a mixture of alpha(0)(980)N and f(0)(980)N components. At the same time we propose polarization experiments in that reaction as a further test of the prediction, as well as a study of the total cross-section for gamma p -> K(+)K(-)p at energies close to threshold and of d sigma/dM(inv) for invariant masses close to the two-kaon threshold.
Net charge and polarizability of zeolitic Brønsted acidic sites
2007
The interacting induced-dipoles polarization model, implemented in our program POLAR, is used for the calculation of the effective polarizability of the zeolitic bridged OH group, which results much higher than that of the free silanol group. A high polarizability is also calculated for the bridged OH group with a Si4+, in the absence of Lewis-acid promotion of silanol by Al3+. The crystal polarizability is estimated from the Clausius-Mossotti relationship. Siliceous zeolites are low-permittivity isolators. The interaction of a weak base with the zeolitic OH can be considered as a local bond. Only when cations are located in the zeolite micropore, next to tetrahedra that contain trivalent c…
Influence of Light on the Bioelectric Potential of the Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) Hypocotyl Hook
1975
By use of surface electrodes electropotenlial measurements were carried out on hypocotyl hooks of Phaseolus vulgaris seedlings. The hooks were illuminated with a small spot of white, blue, red or far red light. The potential changes in bean hypocotyl hooks do not show the red-far red reversible characteristics of phytochrome-mediated processes. By experimenting with inhibitors of photosynthesis we could demonstrate that the light-triggered potential changes in green bean hooks are correlated to photosynthetic electron transport phenomena. The red-light-induced transient is a depolarization, whereas blue light induces a hyperpolarization. Etiolated beans exhibit no bioelectric potential chan…