Search results for "polarization."

showing 10 items of 1842 documents

Communication modes in vector diffraction

2010

The communication modes, which mathematically correspond to singular value decomposition, have proven a useful concept in optical scalar-field diffraction, with applications in resolution studies, image synthesis, and wave propagation. For optical near-field geometries the communication modes have to be extended to electromagnetic field accounting for the polarization properties. In this paper we present the vector-valued communication modes method based on the rigorous electric-field diffraction integral. As a special case the transverse-electric scalar field modes are obtained. The intensity and polarization properties of the leading electromagnetic communication modes in near-field arran…

Electromagnetic fieldDiffractionGuided-mode resonanceta221diffractionoptical informationsymbols.namesakeOpticspropagationStokes parametersElectrical and Electronic Engineeringta218Physicsta214ta114business.industryOptical polarizationwave opticsPhysical opticsPolarization (waves)Atomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsWavelengthsymbolsbusinessnear fieldsOptik
researchProduct

Stimulated quasiparticles in spin-split superconductors

2015

Under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 3.0 (CC-BY).

Electromagnetic fieldField (physics)FOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technologysuperconductorsspin7. Clean energy01 natural sciencessuprajohteetSuperconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsta216Spin-½PhysicsSuperconductivityCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physicsta114Condensed matter physicsSpin polarizationScatteringCondensed Matter - Superconductivity021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyQuasiparticleCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons0210 nano-technologyExcitationPhysical Review B
researchProduct

Biorthonormal-basis method for the vector description of optical-fiber modes

1998

This paper gives the theoretical basis for the development of real vector modal methods to describe optical-fiber modes. To this end, the vector wave equations, which determine the electromagnetic fields, are written in terms of a pair of linear, nonself-adjoint operators, whose eigenvectors satisfy biorthogonality relations. The key of our method is to obtain a matrix representation of the vector wave equations in a basis that is defined by the modes of an auxiliary system. Our proposed technique can be applied to fibers with any profile, even those with a complex refractive index. An example is discussed to illustrate our approach.

Electromagnetic fieldNormal modeMathematical analysisMatrix representationCalculusPolarization (waves)Wave equationDirection vectorAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsEigenvalues and eigenvectorsVector potentialMathematicsJournal of Lightwave Technology
researchProduct

Computation of the field diffracted by a local surface defect: application to tip–sample interaction in the photon scanning tunneling microscope

1996

We use a method based on the Fourier transform of the electromagnetic field to compute the field diffracted by a local deformation of a plane boundary surface. We give a complete development of each step of the technique. To show the interaction that exists between the probe of a near-field optical microscope and the observed sample, we use the model of a truncated cone-shaped tip above a rectangular surface defect. We compute the electrical intensity along a line located between the tip and the local surface defect. We show the influence of the polarization of the incident wave and the effect of the position of the tip with respect to the position of the surface defect.

Electromagnetic fieldPhysicsDiffractionPhotonbusiness.industryPolarization (waves)Atomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsMagnetic fieldlaw.inventionsymbols.namesakeOpticsFourier transformlawsymbolsNear-field scanning optical microscopeComputer Vision and Pattern RecognitionScanning tunneling microscopebusinessJournal of the Optical Society of America A
researchProduct

Generation of even harmonics of sub-THz radiation in bulk GaAs in the presence of a static electric field

2007

The static electric field effects on nonlinear carrier dynamics in low-doped GaAs bulk under the influence of an intense sub-terahertz field are studied by a three-dimensional multivalleys Monte Carlo simulation. The conversion efficiency is calculated by using the appropriate Maxwell equation for the propagation of an electromagnetic wave along a given direction in the medium. Production of odd and even harmonics due to the nonlinearity of the velocity-field relation is investigated.

Electromagnetic fieldPhysicsElectromagnetic wave equationField (physics)Linear polarizationbusiness.industryNear and far fieldOptical fieldAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsComputational physicsOpticsModeling and SimulationHarmonicsElectric fieldHarmonic emission Static field effect Subterahertz radiationElectrical and Electronic EngineeringbusinessJournal of Computational Electronics
researchProduct

The electromagnetic group: Bosonic BRST charge

1990

Abstract We give an infinite-dimensional Lie group from which a group approach to quantization (GAQ) derives a Gupta-Bleuler-like quantization for the electromagnetic field. The incorporation into the group law of the gauge transformation properties of Aμ(x), Aμ(x) → Aμ(x) + ∂μφ, requires a non-conventional generator which is related to the BRST charge.

Electromagnetic fieldPhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsQuantization (physics)Quantum groupQuantum electrodynamicsLie algebraLie groupGauge theoryPolarization (waves)BRST quantizationMathematical physicsPhysics Letters B
researchProduct

Optical Plasmonic Yagi-Uda Nano-Antennas Array for Energy Harvesting Applications

2020

Optical nanoantennas have been of great interest recently due to their ability to support a highly efficient, localized surface plasmon resonance and produce significantly enhanced and highly confined electromagnetic fields. The Yagi-Uda nanoantenna, an optical analogue of the well-established radiofrequency Yagi-Uda antenna, stands out by its efficient unidirectional light emission and enhancement. In this paper, the design of an optical plasmonic Yagi-Uda nanoantenna for energy harvesting application is proposed. The enhancement of the directivity is reached by means of an organization in array. The simulation results, carried out by 3D code CST Studio, show that the proposed nanoantenna …

Electromagnetic fieldPhysicsbusiness.industry020206 networking & telecommunicationsOptical polarization02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyarray energy harvesting optical nanoantennas plasmonic Yagi-UdaDirectivity0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringOptoelectronicsLight emissionAntenna (radio)Surface plasmon resonance0210 nano-technologybusinessEnergy harvestingPlasmon2020 IEEE International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering and 2020 IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Europe (EEEIC / I&CPS Europe)
researchProduct

A deep study of the high–energy transient sky

2021

This is an open access article. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds t…

Electromagnetic spectrumESA voyage 2050; High-energy transient sky; Multi-messenger astrophysics; Space mission concept; X–/γ–ray polarimetry; X–/γ–ray telescopes01 natural sciences7. Clean energylaw.inventionSettore FIS/05 - Astronomia E AstrofisicalawNuclear astrophysicsoptical010303 astronomy & astrophysicsmedia_commonPhysicsdensityStrong gravityAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsnucleosynthesisimagingParticle accelerationHigh-energy transient skyNeutrinoburstparticlelensmedia_common.quotation_subjectAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenainterferometerSpace mission conceptTelescope0103 physical sciencesTeVequation of statepolarization010308 nuclear & particles physicsGravitational wavenucleusgravitational radiationAmbientaleAstronomyAstronomy and AstrophysicsaccelerationsensitivityMulti-messenger astrophysicsUniversemonitoringelectromagneticX–/γ–ray telescopesangular resolution[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]13. Climate actionSpace and Planetary Sciencegamma raygravitationX–/γ–ray polarimetry[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]ESA voyage 2050
researchProduct

First attempt of the measurement of the beam polarization at an accelerator with the optical electron polarimeter POLO

2005

The conventional methods for measuring the polarization of electron beams are either time consuming, invasive or accurate only to a few percent. We developped a method to measure electron beam polarization by observing the light emitted by argon atoms following their excitation by the impact of polarized electrons. The degree of circular polarization of the emitted fluorescence is directly related to the electron polarization. We tested the polarimeter on a test GaAs source available at the MAMI electron accelerator in Mainz, Germany. The polarimeter determines the polarization of a 50 keV electron beam decelerated to a few eV and interacting with an effusive argon gas jet. The resulting de…

Electron beamNuclear and High Energy PhysicsElectron[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]01 natural sciencesFluorescence010305 fluids & plasmaslaw.inventionOpticslawPolarization0103 physical sciencesRadial polarization010306 general physicsInstrumentationCircular polarizationPhysicsPolarization rotatorbusiness.industry07.60.Fs; 29.27.Fh; 33.50.Dq; 34.80.NzParticle acceleratorPolarimeterPolarization (waves)PolarimeterAccelerators and Storage RingsCathode raybusiness
researchProduct

Similarities and differences between crystal and enzyme environmental effects on the electron density of drug molecules

2021

Abstract The crystal interaction density is generally assumed to be a suitable measure of the polarization of a low‐molecular weight ligand inside an enzyme, but this approximation has seldomly been tested and has never been quantified before. In this study, we compare the crystal interaction density and the interaction electrostatic potential for a model compound of loxistatin acid (E64c) with those inside cathepsin B, in solution, and in vacuum. We apply QM/MM calculations and experimental quantum crystallography to show that the crystal interaction density is indeed very similar to the enzyme interaction density. Less than 0.1 e are shifted between these two environments in total. Howeve…

Electron densityStatic ElectricityElectrons010402 general chemistryLigands01 natural sciencesCatalysisprotease inhibitor540 ChemistryMoleculeelectron densityPolarization (electrochemistry)Quantumchemistry.chemical_classificationpolarizationFull Paperintermolecular interactions010405 organic chemistryOrganic ChemistryIntermolecular forceEnzyme InteractionGeneral ChemistryFull Papers0104 chemical sciences3. Good healthMolecular RecognitionEnzymeelectrostatic potentialchemistryPharmaceutical PreparationsLoxistatinChemical physics570 Life sciences; biology
researchProduct