Search results for "polarization."

showing 10 items of 1842 documents

Comparative studies on the detection of benzodiazepines in serum by means of immunoassays (FPIA).

1993

Serum was tested for benzodlazeplnes by fluorescence polarlzatlon Immunoassay (FPIA) on Abbott's ADx system uslng the benzodlazeplne serum reagents (Benzo S) and the benzodlazeplne urine reagents (Benzo U) after pretreatment of speclmens by means of acetone preclpltatlon. The followlng sera were included for comparing the two methods: negatlve sera spiked with varlous benzodlazeplnes; 80 sera randomly selected out of a total of 8654 serum specimens from Impalred drlvers; and blood speclmens from Indlvlduals who stated that they had taken benzodlazeplnes. The different benzodlazeplnes were added to serum st concentratlons of 25, 75, and 300 ng/mL. The low-dose benzodlazeplnes flunltrazepam a…

ImmunoassayChemical Health and SafetyChromatographymedicine.diagnostic_testChemistryHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisUrineCross ReactionsToxicologyBiological fluidAnalytical ChemistryBenzodiazepinesAntibody SpecificityImmunoassayFluorescence Polarization ImmunoassaymedicineFluorescence polarization immunoassayEnvironmental ChemistryHumansJournal of analytical toxicology
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Single Gold Nanoparticle Growth Monitored in situ

2012

The novel fastSPS setup is used to study the growth process of rodshaped gold nanoparticles in the presence of surfactant molecules. It is observed that the particles grow mainly in the direction of the short rod axis, resulting in a decrease of the aspect ratio. This is, to the best of my knowledge, the first real-time optical observation of nanoparticle growth on a single-particle level (results were published in reference ). In collaboration with Olaf Schubert the nanoparticle growth was also monitored using the novel RotPOL setup. Here a decrease of the average polarization anisotropy \(PA\) is observed.

In situMaterials sciencePulmonary surfactantColloidal goldAnalytical chemistryNanoparticleMoleculeAnisotropyPolarization (waves)Optical observation
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MRI using hyperpolarized noble gases.

1998

The aim of this study was to review the physical basis of MRI using hyperpolarized noble gases as well as the present status of preclinical and clinical applications. Non-radioactive noble gases with a nuclear spin 1/2 (He-3, Xe-129) can be hyperpolarized by optical pumping. Polarization is transferred from circularly polarized laser light to the noble-gas atoms via alkali-metal vapors (spin exchange) or metastable atoms (metastability exchange). Hyperpolarization results in a non-equilibrium polarization five orders of magnitude higher than the Boltzmann equilibrium compensating for the several 1000 times lower density of noble gases as compared with liquid state hydrogen concentrations in…

In vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopyAdultLung Diseasesmedicine.medical_specialtyQuantitative Biology::Tissues and OrgansPhysics::Medical PhysicsGuinea Pigschemistry.chemical_elementHeliumNoble GasesOptical pumpingMiceXenonNuclear magnetic resonanceIsotopesMetastabilitymedicineIsotopes of xenonImage Processing Computer-AssistedAnimalsHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingHyperpolarization (physics)LungHeliumBrain Diseasesmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryBrainMagnetic resonance imagingGeneral MedicineImage EnhancementMagnetic Resonance ImagingchemistryXenon IsotopesFemaleRadiologybusinessNuclear medicineEuropean radiology
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Ferromagnetic coupling through spin polarization in the hexanuclear [MnII(3)CuII(3)] complex.

2004

A novel Cu(II)-Mn(II) hexanuclear complex of formula [[MnCuL](3)(tma)](ClO(4))(3).8H(2)O [H(2)L = macrocyclic Robson proligand; H(3)tma = trimesic acid] has been obtained by connecting three heterobinuclear [Cu(II)Mn(II)L](2+) cationic species through the trimesate anion. The complex exhibits a C(3) rotational symmetry, imposed by the geometry of the bridging ligand. The interaction within each Mn(II)-Cu(II) pair is antiferromagnetic (J = -16.7 cm(-1)). A weak ferromagnetic coupling among the three S = 2 resulting spins through the tricarboxylato bridge leads to a S = 6 ground spin state, for which the spin polarization mechanism is responsible.

Inorganic ChemistryCrystallographychemistry.chemical_compoundCoupling (physics)Spin polarizationFerromagnetismCondensed matter physicsChemistryTrimesic acidPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryInorganic chemistry
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Electrocaloric Effect in (1−x)(0.8Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3-0.2BaTiO3)−xCaTiO3 Solid Solutions at High Electric Fields

2022

This research was funded by the Latvian Science Council Fund, grant number lzp-2020/2-0080. The Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia as the Center of Excellence has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Framework Programme, grant number 739508.

Inorganic ChemistryElectrocaloric effectPhase transitionsMaxwell relationGeneral Chemical Engineering:NATURAL SCIENCES [Research Subject Categories]Dielectric polarizationGeneral Materials ScienceSodium bismuth titanateCondensed Matter Physicssodium bismuth titanate; solid solutions; electrocaloric effect; dielectric polarization; phase transitions; Maxwell relationSolid solutionsCrystals
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Spin Density Distribution in Transition Metal Complexes: Some Thoughts and Hints

1998

Abstract The spin density distribution in transition metal complexes is discussed in qualitative terms, taking into account the coexistence of spin delocalization and spin polarization mechanisms, with the help of numerical results for several complexes obtained from density functional calculations. The covalent character of the metal-ligand bonds as well as the σ- or π-characteristics of the partially filled d orbitals must be taken into account to qualitatively predict the sign of the spin density at a particular atom within a ligand. The same patterns can be applied to binuclear complexes and can be helpful in determining the ferro- or antiferromagnetic character of the exchange coupling…

Inorganic ChemistryLigand field theoryDelocalized electronCondensed matter physicsAtomic orbitalSpin statesSpin polarizationTransition metalChemistryCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsMolecular orbitalSpin-½Comments on Inorganic Chemistry
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High-Nuclearity Magnetic Clusters: Generalized Spin Hamiltonian and Its Use for the Calculation of the Energy Levels, Bulk Magnetic Properties, and I…

2001

A general solution of the exchange problem in the high-nuclearity spin clusters (HNSC) containing arbitrary number of exchange-coupled centers and topology is developed. All constituent magnetic centers are supposed to possess well-isolated orbitally non-degenerate ground states so that the isotropic Heisenberg-Dirac-Van Vleck (HDVV) term is the leading part of the exchange spin Hamiltonian. Along with the HDVV term, we consider higher-order isotropic exchange terms (biquadratic exchange), as well as the anisotropic terms (anisotropic and antisymmetric exchange interactions and local single-ion anisotropies). All these terms are expressed as irreducible tensor operators (ITO). This allows u…

Inorganic ChemistryPhysicsMagnetizationAntisymmetric exchangeSpin statesCondensed matter physicsSpin polarizationDiamagnetismPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryMagnetic susceptibilityInelastic neutron scatteringSpin-½Inorganic Chemistry
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Magnetic and Structural Properties of Heusler Compounds with 27.8 Valence Electrons 

2010

Co2-based Heusler compounds with 27.8 valence electrons exhibit an exceptional electronic structure that makes them interesting materials for the application in spintronics. Co2Cr0.6Fe0.4Al is the most prominent example of this particular family of compounds. In this article new materials of this class are tested with respect to their structural and magnetic properties. X-ray diffraction, Mossbauer spectroscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and SQUID magnetometry were carried out to characterize the compounds. The use of Co2Fe0.45Ti0.55Ge as a new material in spintronic devices is suggested.

Inorganic ChemistrySQUIDSpintronicsCondensed matter physicsSpin polarizationChemistrylawMagnetometerElectronic structureHalf-metalValence electronSpectroscopylaw.inventionZeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie
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Three-dimensional polarimetric computational integral imaging

2012

In this paper, we propose a novel 3D polarimetric computational integral imaging system by using polarization diversity of objects under natural illumination conditions. In the system, the measured Stokes polarization parameters are utilized to generate degree of polarization images of a 3D scene. Based on degree of polarization images and original 2D images, we utilize a modified computational reconstruction method to perform 3D polarimetric image reconstruction. The system may be used to detect or classify objects with distinct polarization signatures in 3D space. Experimental results also show the proposed system may mitigate the effect of occlusion in 3D reconstruction.

Integral imagingComputer sciencebusiness.industry3D reconstructionPolarimetryIterative reconstructionPolarization (waves)Atomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsOpticsComputer Science::Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionDegree of polarizationImage sensorbusinessCircular polarizationOptics Express
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Joint Distribution of Polarization-Multiplexed UWB and WiMAX Radio in PON

2009

[EN] In this paper, the feasibility of the joint distribution of ultra-wideband (UWB) and WIMAX wireless using polarization multiplexing as a coexistence technique is proposed and experimentally demonstrated within the framework of passive optical networks (PON). Four single- and orthogonal-polarization multiplexing schemes are studied targeting to reduce the mutual interference when UWB and WiMAX are distributed jointly through standard single-mode fiber (SSMF) without transmission impairments compensation techniques and amplification. Experimental results indicate successful transmission up to 25 km, in SSMF exceeding the range in typical PON deployments. The radio link penalty introduced…

Integrated optical-wireless accessEngineeringH600WiMAX radioUltra-widebandRadio-over-fiber02 engineering and technologyPolarization-division multiplexingPassive optical networkMultiplexingTelecomunicacióOptical fiber communication020210 optoelectronics & photonicsRadio over fiberTEORIA DE LA SEÑAL Y COMUNICACIONES0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringElectronic engineeringComunicació i tecnologiaUltra-wideband radiobusiness.industryPolarization division multiplexing020206 networking & telecommunicationsWiMAXAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsbusinessData transmissionFree-space optical communication
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