Search results for "polymerization"

showing 10 items of 1689 documents

Influence of a Crosslinker Containing an Azo Group on the Actuation Properties of a Photoactuating LCE System

2016

Photoactuating liquid crystalline elastomers (LCE) are promising candidates for an application as artificial muscles in microdevices. In this work, we demonstrate that by optimizing (1) the illumination conditions and (2) the mixture of azo monomer and azo crosslinker, thick films of an all-azo LCE can be prepared, which show a strong length change without bending during photoactuation. This becomes possible by working with white light (about 440 nm), whose absorption is low, leading to a large penetration depth. By adding an azo crosslinker to a previously prepared system, several improvements of the actuation properties—like a stronger photoactuation at lower operational temperatures—coul…

Materials sciencePolymers and Plasticsvis photo polymerizationazo02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistryElastomer01 natural sciencesArticleIsothermal processlcsh:QD241-441chemistry.chemical_compoundlcsh:Organic chemistryPolymer chemistryphotoactuationliquid crystalline elastomersIrradiationPenetration depthAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)crosslinkerlight-responsiveactuatorpolymer filmGeneral Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesliquid crystalline networkPhotopolymerMonomerChemical engineeringchemistryliquid crystalline elastomers; photoactuation; polymer film; light-responsive; azo; crosslinker; actuator; vis photo polymerization; liquid crystalline networkArtificial muscle0210 nano-technologyPolymers
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A one-pot method to enhance dissolution rate of low solubility drug molecules using dispersion polymerization in supercritical carbon dioxide

2009

The surfactant assisted polymerization of 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone in supercritical carbon dioxide in the presence of Piroxicam, selected as a model of a low aqueous solubility drug, was studied in order to prepare in a single step a polymeric composite to enhance the rate of dissolution of the pharmaceutical compound. Reactive entrapping was carried out at 65 degrees C in the P range 21-38MPa. Under proper operative conditions we obtained the composite under the form of sub-micron spherical particles with relatively narrow particle size distribution. Drug loadings higher than 12% (w/w) were obtained and XRD and Raman spectroscopy suggest that the anti-inflammatory agent is dispersed in the ma…

Materials sciencePolymersDrug CompoundingComposite numberPharmaceutical ScienceSpectrum Analysis RamanPiroxicamOrganic chemistryTechnology PharmaceuticalSolubilityParticle SizeDissolutionchemistry.chemical_classificationDispersion polymerizationDrug CarriersSupercritical carbon dioxideTemperatureChromatography Supercritical FluidPolymerCarbon DioxideSettore ING-IND/27 - Chimica Industriale E TecnologicaSupercritical fluidPyrrolidinonesPolymerizationChemical engineeringchemistrySolubilitySupercritical fluid Drug release kineticsSolid dispersion Dissolution enhancement Polymer microspheres
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PAA-PAMPS Copolymers as an Efficient Tool to Control CaCO3 Scale Formation

2013

Scale formation, the deposition of certain minerals such as CaCO3, MgCO3, and CaSO4 center dot 2H(2)O in industrial facilities and household devices, leads to reduced efficiency or severe damage. Therefore, incrustation is a major problem in everyday life. In recent years, double hydrophilic block copolymers (DHBCs) have been the focus of interest in academia with regard to their antiscaling potential. In this work, we synthesized well-defined blocklike PAA-PAMPS copolymers consisting of acrylic acid (AA) and 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-propane sulfonate (AMPS) units in a one-step reaction by RAFT polymerization. The derived copolymers had dispersities of 1.3 and below. The copolymers have then b…

Materials sciencePolymersPotentiometric titrationAcrylic ResinsMicroscopy Atomic Force530Calcium Carbonatelaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundlawPolymer chemistryElectrochemistryCopolymerChemical PrecipitationGeneral Materials ScienceReversible addition−fragmentation chain-transfer polymerizationCrystallizationSpectroscopyAcrylic acidchemistry.chemical_classificationWaterIsothermal titration calorimetrySurfaces and InterfacesPolymerCondensed Matter PhysicsPolyelectrolytechemistrySulfonic AcidsCrystallization
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Targeting cells of the immune system: mannosylated HPMA–LMA block-copolymer micelles for targeting of dendritic cells

2016

Background: Successful tumor immunotherapy depends on the induction of strong and sustained tumor antigen-specific immune responses by activated antigen-presenting cells (APCs) such as dendritic cells (DCs). Since nanoparticles have the potential to codeliver tumor-specific antigen and DC-stimulating adjuvant in a DC-targeting manner, we wanted to assess the suitability of mannosylated HPMA-LMA block polymers for immunotherapy. Materials & methods: Fluorescence-labeled block copolymer micelles derived from P(HPMA)-block-P(LMA) copolymers and according statistical copolymers were synthesized via RAFT polymerization, and loaded with the APC activator L18-MDP. Both types of copolymers wer…

Materials sciencePolymersSurface Propertiesmedicine.medical_treatmentBiomedical EngineeringMedicine (miscellaneous)Bone Marrow CellsBioengineering02 engineering and technologyDevelopment01 natural sciencesMicellePolymerizationImmune systemAntigenmedicineHumansGeneral Materials ScienceReversible addition−fragmentation chain-transfer polymerizationMicelles010405 organic chemistryDendritic CellsImmunotherapyDendritic cell021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyMolecular biology0104 chemical sciencesCell biologyMethacrylatesNanoparticlesImmunotherapy0210 nano-technologyAcetylmuramyl-Alanyl-IsoglutamineMannoseAdjuvantSpleenMannose receptorNanomedicine
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Metal–organic covalent network chemical vapor deposition for gas separation

2016

The chemical vapor deposition (CVD) polymerization of metalloporphyrin building units is demonstrated to provide an easily up-scalable one-step method toward the deposition of a new class of dense and defect-free metal–organic covalent network (MOCN) layers. The resulting hyper-thin and flexible MOCN layers exhibit outstanding gas-separation performances for multiple gas pairs.

Materials scienceRadical polymerization02 engineering and technologyChemical vapor deposition010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesMetalPolymer chemistryiPECVDDeposition (phase transition)General Materials ScienceGas separationgas separationmetalloporphyrinsMechanical Engineering021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologymetal–organic covalent networks0104 chemical sciencesChemical engineeringPolymerizationMechanics of Materialsvisual_artNetwork covalent bondingvisual_art.visual_art_medium0210 nano-technologyfree-radical polymerizationAdvanced Materials
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Fast Polymeric Functionalization Approach for the Covalent Coating of MoS2 Layers

2021

We present the covalent coating of chemically exfoliated molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) based on the polymerization of functional acryl molecules. The method relies on the efficient diazonium anchoring reaction to provoke the in situ radical polymerization and covalent adhesion of functional coatings. In particular, we successfully implement hydrophobicity on the exfoliated MoS2 in a direct, fast, and quantitative synthetic approach. The covalent functionalization is proved by multiple techniques including X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and TGA-MS. This approach represents a simple and general protocol to reach dense and homogeneous functional coatings on 2D materials.

Materials scienceRadical polymerizationAdhesionMetalls de transicióengineering.materialchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryCoatingChemical engineeringPolymerizationCovalent bondengineeringSurface modificationMoleculeGeneral Materials ScienceMaterialsMolybdenum disulfideACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
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Preparation of palladated porous nitrogen-doped carbon using halloysite as porogen: disclosing its utility as a hydrogenation catalyst

2020

AbstractIn this article, halloysite nanoclay (Hal) was used as porogen for the synthesis of nitrogen doped porous carbon material with high specific surface area and pore volume. To this purpose, polymerization of melamine and terephthalaldehyde (MT) was performed in the presence of amine-functionalized carbon coated Hal (Hal@Glu-2N) that was prepared from hydrothermal treatment of Hal and glucose. Then, the prepared nanocomposite was palladated and carbonized to afford Pd@Hal@C. To further improve the textural properties of the nanocomposite, and introduce more pores in its structure, Hal nanotubes were etched. The characterization of the resulting compound, Pd@C, and comparing it with Pd@…

Materials scienceReducing agentlcsh:Medicine02 engineering and technologyengineering.material010402 general chemistryHeterogeneous catalysis01 natural sciencesHalloysiteArticleCatalysisSpecific surface areahalloysitelcsh:ScienceSettore CHIM/02 - Chimica FisicaMultidisciplinaryNanocompositecatalysisCarbonizationlcsh:R021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyMaterials science0104 chemical sciencesChemistryPolymerizationChemical engineeringengineeringlcsh:Q0210 nano-technology
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Magnetic Polyurethane Microcarriers from Nanoparticle-Stabilized Emulsions for Thermal Energy Storage

2020

Hydrated inorganic salts are phase change materials (PCMs) with promising thermal energy storage capacity. However, their application is commonly restricted because of problems of phase segregation...

Materials scienceRenewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentGeneral Chemical EngineeringNanoparticleMicrocarrier02 engineering and technologyGeneral Chemistry010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyThermal energy storage01 natural sciencesInterfacial polymerizationPickering emulsion0104 chemical sciencesInorganic saltschemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryChemical engineeringPhase (matter)Environmental Chemistrysense organs0210 nano-technologyPolyurethaneACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
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Influence of different thermopolymerization methods on composite resin microhardness

2020

Background Additional heat polymerization in composite resins allows greater effective­ness of microhardness, flexural strength, fracture tough­ness, wear resistance, and increased color stability. Material and Methods 150 composite resin specimens were made using a 4 mm diameter and 2 mm thick bipartite steel matrix. Five resins composed of different compositions were tested (Brilliant Everglow/Coltene, Filtek One BulkFill/3M, Filtek P60/3M, Filtek Z350XT/3M, Filtek Z250XT/3M), and for each of them three types of polymerization were tested: light curing only (n=50); photopolymerization + autoclave thermopolymerization (n=50) and photopolymerization + microwave thermopolymerization (n=50). …

Materials scienceResearchComposite number030206 dentistry02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]Indentation hardnessOperative Dentistry and EndodonticsAutoclaveLight curingWear resistance03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinePhotopolymerFlexural strengthPolymerizationUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASComposite material0210 nano-technologyGeneral Dentistry
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Evaluation of the influence of light-curing units on the degree of conversion in depth of a bulk-fill resin.

2020

Background It is known that bulk-fill have been widely studied and used by dentists in the clinic. However, the use of light-curing units that do not have the ability to adequately light-cure these materials at the appropriate depth can affect their clinical performance. The aim of this study was evaluating the influence of 5 different light curing units (LCUs) on the degree of conversion (DC) of a bulk-fill resin at depths of 0 to 4 mm and determined the effect of using 20s exposure and 40s. Material and methods Cylinders of composite were made in a stainless steel matrix (n=10). The specimens were exposed from the top surface using 5 LCUs: Valo® Cordless (VA); Radii Plus (RA); Emitter.D (…

Materials scienceResearchComposite numberAnalytical chemistryAttenuation length030206 dentistryMatrix (chemical analysis)03 medical and health sciencessymbols.namesakeWavelength0302 clinical medicinePolymerizationMolecular vibrationsymbols030212 general & internal medicineOral SurgeryRaman spectroscopyGeneral DentistryUNESCO:CIENCIAS MÉDICASPower densityJournal of clinical and experimental dentistry
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