Search results for "polymers"

showing 10 items of 3567 documents

Pressure dependence of the demixing of polymer solutions determined by viscometry

1981

From the break-down in the viscosity of a polymer solution, associated with the entrance into the two phase region, the pressure dependence of the demixing temperatures of solutions of polystyrene (M = 600.000) in cyclohexane, cyclopentane, diethylmalonate and 1-phenyldecane was measured up to 1000 bar. The application of pressure increases the solubility of polystyrene in cyclopentane and diethylmalonate, but decreases that in 1-phenyldecane; in the case of cyclohexane, a pressure of optimum miscibility is observed at ca. 120 bar.

Materials sciencePolymers and PlasticsCyclohexaneViscometerThermodynamicsMiscibilityHildebrand solubility parameterchemistry.chemical_compoundColloid and Surface ChemistrychemistryPhase (matter)Polymer chemistryMaterials ChemistryPolystyrenePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryCyclopentaneBar (unit)Colloid and Polymer Science
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Surface characterization of functional poly(diacetylene) and poly(butadiene) mono- and multilayers

1982

The surface properties of Langmuir-Blodgett mono- and multilayers of a variety of amphiphilic poly(diacetylene)s and poly(butadiene)s were investigated by contact angle, streaming potentialζ, ellipsometry, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic (XPS) measurements. Captive air and octane angles varied between approximately 60° and 105° for hydrophobicx-layers and 31° to 46° for hydrophilic surfaces depending on the particular head group, whereas advancing angles determined via the vertical plate method are considerably higher. Negative streaming potentials were obtained for all surfaces. Positively charged monolayers yielded less negativeζ- potential values (−28 mV) than negatively charged (−…

Materials sciencePolymers and PlasticsDiacetyleneAnalytical chemistryStreaming currentContact anglechemistry.chemical_compoundColloid and Surface ChemistryX-ray photoelectron spectroscopyPolymerizationchemistryEllipsometryMonolayerMaterials ChemistryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryOctaneColloid and Polymer Science
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Diene/polar monomer copolymers, compatibilisers for polar/non-polar polymer blends. A controlled block copolymerisation with a single-site component …

2002

A well-controlled two-step process, the polymerisation of isoprene or isoprene/hex-1-ene copolymerisation followed by e-caprolactone polymerisation, affords trans-polyisoprene or (trans-polyisoprene/hex-1-ene copolymer)–poly(e-caprolactone) diblocks of various lengths. The single component initiator is an allylsamarocene compound. An atomic force microscopy study shows that these copolymers are efficient compatibilisers for poly(e-caprolactone) and polyisoprene blends. Poly(e-caprolactone) chain growth from Sm–polyisoprene chain.

Materials sciencePolymers and PlasticsDieneOrganic ChemistryCompatibilizationCondensed Matter Physicschemistry.chemical_compoundMonomerchemistryPolymerizationPolycaprolactonePolymer chemistryMaterials ChemistryCopolymerPolymer blendPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryIsopreneMacromolecular Chemistry and Physics
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Testing of a kinetics equation of mechanical degradation

1987

A modification of the kinetics equation of mechanical degradation of Harrington and Zimm is proposed to fit experimental data taken on a molten polystyrene. This equation is applied to each molecular weight of the discretized molecular weight distribution curve, and the limiting molecular weight is determined for each molecular weight. With this modification the theoretical curves fit both Mw and Mn curves well.

Materials sciencePolymers and PlasticsDiscretizationKineticsThermodynamicsGeneral ChemistryLimitingchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryKinetic equationsKinetics equationMaterials ChemistryMolar mass distributionDegradation (geology)Physical chemistryPolystyrenePolymer Engineering and Science
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Particle Penetration into Polydisperse Polymer Brushes: A Theoretical Analysis

2017

Based on theoretical analysis, the effect of polydispersity on particle penetration into polydisperse polymer brushes is investigated. Three different polydispersities representing sharp, moderate, and extremely wide chain length distributions are chosen, since the corresponding explicit expressions of brush density at these polydispersities are available. To simplify the discussion, this study is restricted to spherical particles of small size which ensure that the particle insertion only causes local conformational perturbations. By analyzing the particle distribution, it is found that polydispersity always facilitates particle penetration. This prediction is confirmed by analyzing the su…

Materials sciencePolymers and PlasticsDispersityNanotechnology02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural scienceslaw.inventionInorganic ChemistryColloidlawMaterials ChemistryScalingchemistry.chemical_classificationOrganic ChemistryBrushPenetration (firestop)Polymer021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physics0104 chemical sciencesChain lengthchemistryChemical physicsParticle penetration0210 nano-technologyMacromolecular Theory and Simulations
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Crystallization and melting of fractions of branched polyethylene

1983

Effects of the molecular weight on the crystallization behaviour of branched polyethylene become observable if isothermal crystallization is studied at temperatures near to the melting end. Crystallinities decrease with decreasing molecular weight. Thicknesses of lamellae grown during isothermal crystallization are independent of the molecular weight. They depend only on temperature. Compared to the effect of the branches polydispersity gives only a minor contribution to the broadening of the crystallization and melting range of low density polyethylene.

Materials sciencePolymers and PlasticsDispersitytechnology industry and agricultureIsothermal crystallizationPolyethylenelaw.inventionCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceLow-density polyethylenechemistry.chemical_compoundColloid and Surface ChemistryChemical engineeringchemistrylawCondensed Matter::SuperconductivityMaterials ChemistryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryCrystallizationColloid & Polymer Science
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Double bond-functionalized POSS: dispersion and crosslinking in polyethylene-based hybrid obtained by reactive processing

2016

Polyethylene-based organic inorganic hybrids were prepared by one-step reactive melt mixing using a mono-functionalized nanofiller, i.e., allyl-heptaisobutyl-substituted polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (1POSS) and a multi-functionalized octavinyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (8POSS). The hybrids were also prepared in dicumyl peroxide (DCP) presence and morphological, spectroscopical and calorimetric analysis were carried out. Moreover, rheological measurement and Sohxlet extraction were performed on investigated samples. It was inferred that double bonds of POSS functional groups were triggered by radicals coming from the peroxide decomposition or from the degradation reactions…

Materials sciencePolymers and PlasticsDouble bond02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesPeroxidechemistry.chemical_compoundPolymer chemistryMaterials ChemistryMoleculeChemistry (all); Condensed Matter Physics; Polymers and Plastics; Materials Chemistry; 2506; Metals and AlloysMaterials Chemistry2506 Metals and Alloychemistry.chemical_classificationPolymers and PlasticChemistry (all)Metals and AlloysGeneral ChemistryPolyethylene021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsSilsesquioxane0104 chemical sciencesPolyolefinchemistryCovalent bond25060210 nano-technologyDispersion (chemistry)Polymer Bulletin
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The role of molecular oxygen in the formation of radiation-engineered multifunctional nanogels

2019

Abstract Nanogels are very promising biomedical nanodevices. The classic “radiation chemistry-based” approach to synthetize nanogels consists in the irradiation with pulsed electron beams of dilute, N2O-saturated, aqueous solutions of water-soluble polymers of the “crosslinking type”. Nanogels with controlled size and properties are produced in a single irradiation step with no recourse to initiators, organic solvents and surfactants. This paper combines experimental syntheses, performed with two e-beam irradiation setups and dose-ranges, starting from poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone) solutions of various concentrations, both in N2O-saturated and air-saturated initial conditions, with the numerica…

Materials sciencePolymers and PlasticsDouble bondKinetic modelingGeneral Physics and Astronomy02 engineering and technologyElectronRadiationRadiation chemistry010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesNanogelMaterials ChemistryIrradiationchemistry.chemical_classificationAqueous solutionCrosslinkingOrganic ChemistryPolymer021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyWater radiolysis0104 chemical sciencesChemical engineeringchemistryMechanism0210 nano-technologyNanogel
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Phase behaviour and interfacial tension of polysiloxane blends

1998

Abstract The cloud point curve for blends of poly(dimethyisiloxane) (PDMS, M w = 2.5kg mol −1 ) and poly(hexylmethylsiloxane) (PHMS, M w = 113kg mol − ] was determined turbidimetrically. The system demixes upon cooling and the UCST amounts to 36°C. The interfacial tension γ was determined at the critical composition for three temperatures by means of a spinning drop tensiometer. The dependence of γ on the reduced critical temperature can be described within experimental error by both the mean field theory and the Ising-3D theory.

Materials sciencePolymers and PlasticsDrop (liquid)Organic ChemistryThermodynamicsSurface tensionMolten stateMean field theoryUpper critical solution temperaturePolymer chemistryMaterials ChemistryPolymer blendSpinningPhase diagramPolymer
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Gradient high-performance liquid chromatography of statistical and block copolymers of styrene and t-butyl methacrylate

1989

Copolymers of styrene (S) and tert-butyl methacrylate (TBMA) containing 24–92 mass % of the latter monomer were investigated using a silica column with isooctane/tetrahydrofuran (THF) gradients and on a phenyl bonded-phase column by methanol (MeOH)/THF gradients using UV detection. In both cases, retention decreased with increasing TBMA content of the sample. This is in contrast to the behavior of copolymers of S and methyl methacrylate (MMA) whose retention in gradient elution on silica columns increases with MMA content due to the polarity of this unit. The inversion of elution order is a result of the bulky TBMA residues shielding the polar groups of the ester units. For copolymers of va…

Materials sciencePolymers and PlasticsElutionGeneral ChemistryMethacrylateHigh-performance liquid chromatographySurfaces Coatings and FilmsStyrenechemistry.chemical_compoundMonomerchemistryPolymer chemistryMaterials ChemistryCopolymerMethyl methacrylateTetrahydrofuranJournal of Applied Polymer Science
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