Search results for "positron"

showing 10 items of 1346 documents

Comment on the Positron Surface-State Lifetime

1984

Quand on calcule de facon coherente de l'energie de correlation des positons et la vitesse d'annihilation, la theorie explique au moins de facon qualitative la duree de vie de l'etat de surface des positons

Surface (mathematics)Nuclear physicsPhysicspositronsPositronPhysicsGeneral Physics and AstronomysurfacesPositron annihilation
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Theory of positronium momentum spectra at metallic surfaces

1986

Theoretical calculations of momentum distributions of positronium (Ps) atoms ejected from clean metal surfaces are presented and compared with recent experimental results. The authors find that the momentum dependence of the Ps-forming interaction significantly affects the shape of the spectra. They also show that, within the model, the energy distribution of Ps atoms does not vary directly with the density of electronic states just outside the surface.

Surface (mathematics)Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)ChemistryMetals and AlloysGeneral EngineeringElectronSpectral linePositroniumMomentumMetalPositronvisual_artDensity of statesvisual_art.visual_art_mediumAtomic physicsJournal of Physics F: Metal Physics
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Surface Studies with Slow Positron Beaks

1984

Slow-positron physics is an exciting and rapidly advancing field. The continuing progress in the development of intense monochromatic beams of low-energy positrons has made it possible to perform a number of landmark experiments, where the interaction of the positron with solid surfaces plays a central role. These experiments either deal with fundamental atomic physics (positronium spectroscopy) or focus on the electronic and atomic properties of the surface region, using positrons as a probe. In the former category, the surface is involved just as an efficient source of positronium-like atoms. On the other hand, in the second category of experiments the surface i s the main object of study…

Surface (mathematics)PhysicsSurface sciencePositronField (physics)Development (differential geometry)SpectroscopyFocus (optics)PositroniumComputational physics
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Near-surface defect profiling with slow positrons: Argon-sputtered Al(110).

1985

We report on slow-positron measurements of atomic defect distribution near a solid surface. Defects are produced by argon-ion bombardment of an Al(110) surface in ultrahigh vacuum. Defect profiles have a typical width of 15–25 Å and contain a broader tail extending to 50–100 Å. The defect density at the outermost atomic layers saturates at high argon fluences to a few atomic percent, depending on sputtering conditions. Defect production rate at >1 keV Ar+ energies is typically 1–5 vacancy-interstitial pairs per incident ion. Molecular-dynamics simulations of the collision cascade predict similar defect distributions. Peer reviewed

Surface (mathematics)Profiling (computer programming)solid surfacesPositronMaterials scienceArgonchemistryPhysicsPhysics::Atomic and Molecular Clusterschemistry.chemical_elementslow positronsAtomic physicsPositron annihilationPhysical review. B, Condensed matter
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Instant labeling of therapeutic cells for multimodality imaging

2020

Autologous therapeutic cells are typically harvested and transplanted in one single surgery. This makes it impossible to label them with imaging biomarkers through classical transfection techniques in a laboratory. To solve this problem, we developed a novel microfluidic device, which provides highly efficient labeling of therapeutic cells with imaging biomarkers through mechanoporation. Methods: Studies were performed with a new, custom-designed microfluidic device, which contains ridges, which compress adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) during their device passage. Cell relaxation after compression leads to cell volume exchange for convective transfer of nanoparticles and nanoparti…

SwineCellMedicine (miscellaneous)Multimodal Imaging030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingin vivo cell tracking03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineIn vivoFluorodeoxyglucose F18medicinemicrofluidic deviceAnimalsMagnetite NanoparticlesPharmacology Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (miscellaneous)mechanoporationCells Culturedmedicine.diagnostic_testStaining and LabelingChemistryStem Cellsiron oxide nanoparticlesMagnetic resonance imagingTransfectionMagnetic Resonance Imaging18F-FDGmedicine.anatomical_structureAdipose TissuePositron emission tomography030220 oncology & carcinogenesisPositron-Emission TomographyStem cellIron oxide nanoparticlesEx vivoBiomarkersBiomedical engineeringResearch PaperTheranostics
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Search for promptly produced heavy quarkonium states in hadronic Z decays

1996

A search has been made for direct production of heavy quarkonium states in more than 3 million hadronic Z^{0} decays in the 1991-1994 DELPHI data. Prompt J/\psi, \psi(2S) and \Upsilon candidates have been searched for through their leptonic decay modes using criteria based on the kinematics and decay vertex positions. New upper limits are set at the 90 \% confidence level for {Br( Z^0 \rightarrow \left( Q \bar{Q} \right) X ) / Br( Z^0 \rightarrow \mbox{hadrons})} for various strong production mechanisms of J/\psi and \Upsilon; these range down to 0.9 \times 10^{-4}. The limits are set in the presence of a small excess (\sim 1 \% statistical probability of a background fluctuation) in the su…

Systematic errorParticle physicsE+E ANNIHILATIONPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)LUND MONTE-CARLOquarkonium stateHadron01 natural sciencesPartícules (Física nuclear)JET FRAGMENTATIONPHYSICSDirect production0103 physical sciences[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]010306 general physicsLUND MONTE-CARLO; JET FRAGMENTATION; E+E ANNIHILATION; PHYSICSDELPHIPhysics010308 nuclear & particles physicsBranching fractionHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyQuarkoniumLARGE ELECTRON POSITRON COLLIDERDELPHI; quarkonium state; branching ratioVertex (geometry)PARTICLE PHYSICS; LARGE ELECTRON POSITRON COLLIDER; DELPHILarge Electron–Positron ColliderDecay lengthPARTICLE PHYSICSFísica nuclearHigh Energy Physics::Experimentbranching ratioParticle Physics - Experiment
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Determination of the LEP centre-of-mass energy from Zγ events

1999

Radiative returns to the Z resonance (Zgamma events) are used to determine the LEP2 centre-of-mass energy from the data collected with the ALEPH detector in 1997. The average centre-of-mass energy is measured to be: E_CM = 182.50 +- 0.19(stat) +- 0.08(syst) GeV in good agreement with the precise determination by the LEP energy working group of 182.652 +- 0.050 GeV. If applied to the measurement of the W mass, its precision translates into a systematic error on M_W which is smaller than the statistical error achieved from the corresponding dataset.

Systematic errorPhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsAleph[PHYS.HEXP] Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]010308 nuclear & particles physicsElectron–positron annihilationDetectorFOS: Physical sciences01 natural sciencesResonance (particle physics)High Energy Physics - ExperimentNuclear physicsHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)0103 physical sciences[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]Radiative transferStatistical errorHigh Energy Physics::Experiment010306 general physicsParticle Physics - ExperimentEnergy (signal processing)
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Measurements of Branching Fractions andCP-Violating Asymmetries inBMeson Decays to Charmless Two-Body States Containing aK0

2003

We present measurements of branching fractions and \CP-violating asymmetries in decays of $B$ mesons to two-body final states containing a \Kz. The results are based on a data sample of approximately 88 million \upsbb decays collected with the \babar detector at the \pep2 asymmetric-energy $B$ Factory at SLAC. We measure $\BR(\Bp\to\Kz\pip) = (22.3 \pm 1.7 \pm 1.1)\times 10^{-6}$, $\BR(\Bz\to\Kz\piz) = (11.4\pm 1.7\pm 0.8)\times 10^{-6}$, $\BR(\Bp\to\Kzb\Kp) < 2.5\times 10^{-6}$, and $\BR(\Bz\to\KzKzb) < 1.8\times 10^{-6}$, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic, and the upper limits are at the 90% confidence level. In addition, the following \CP-violating a…

Systematic errorPhysicsParticle physicsMeson010308 nuclear & particles physicsBranching fractionmedia_common.quotation_subjectElectron–positron annihilationAnalytical chemistryGeneral Physics and AstronomyBranching (polymer chemistry)Asymmetry01 natural sciencesNuclear physicsParticle decayPion0103 physical sciencesCP violationB meson010306 general physicsmedia_commonPhysical Review Letters
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Improved tau polarisation measurement

1996

Using 22 pb−1 of data collected at LEP in 1992 on the peak of the Z resonance, the ALEPH collaboration has measured the polarisation of the tau leptons decaying into $$ev\bar v, \mu v\bar v$$ ,πν, ρν and a1 ν from their individual decay product distributions. The measurement of the tau polarisation as a function of the production polar angle yields the two parametersN τ andN e, where, in terms of the axial and vector couplingsg Al andg Vl,N l=2g Vl gAl/(g Vl 2 +g 2 ). This analysis follows to a large extent the methods devised for the 1990 and 1991 data but with improvements which bring a better understanding of the systematic uncertainties. Combining the 1992 measurements with our previous…

Systematic errorPhysicsParticle physicsTime projection chamberPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)010308 nuclear & particles physicsElectron–positron annihilationPhysicsWeinberg angle7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesParticle identificationNuclear physics0103 physical sciences[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]Polar coordinate systemDecay product010306 general physicsParticle Physics - ExperimentLepton
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Robustness of PET Radiomics Features: Impact of Co-Registration with MRI

2021

Radiomics holds great promise in the field of cancer management. However, the clinical application of radiomics has been hampered by uncertainty about the robustness of the features extracted from the images. Previous studies have reported that radiomics features are sensitive to changes in voxel size resampling and interpolation, image perturbation, or slice thickness. This study aims to observe the variability of positron emission tomography (PET) radiomics features under the impact of co-registration with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using the difference percentage coefficient, and the Spearman’s correlation coefficient for three groups of images: (i) original PET, (ii) PET after co-…

TechnologyTomografía de emisión de positronesNeoplasias encefálicasCorrelation coefficientImagen por resonancia magnética:Phenomena and Processes::Mathematical Concepts::Probability::Uncertainty [Medical Subject Headings]QH301-705.5Computer scienceQC1-999:Diseases::Neoplasms::Neoplasms by Site::Nervous System Neoplasms::Central Nervous System Neoplasms::Brain Neoplasms [Medical Subject Headings]:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Diagnosis::Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures::Diagnostic Imaging::Magnetic Resonance Imaging [Medical Subject Headings]Co registrationFluid-attenuated inversion recovery:Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::Humans [Medical Subject Headings]Magnetic resonance imagingRadiomicsRobustness (computer science):Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Diagnosis::Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures::Diagnostic Techniques Radioisotope::Radionuclide Imaging::Tomography Emission-Computed::Positron-Emission Tomography [Medical Subject Headings]Resamplingradiomics feature robustness; imaging quantification; [11C]-methionine positron emission tomography; PET/MRI co-registration Appl.medicineGeneral Materials ScienceBiology (General)QD1-999InstrumentationSettore ING-INF/05 - Sistemi Di Elaborazione Delle InformazioniFluid Flow and Transfer Processesmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryTPhysicsProcess Chemistry and TechnologyRadiomics feature robustnessGeneral EngineeringPET/MRI co-registrationMagnetic resonance imagingPattern recognitionEngineering (General). Civil engineering (General)Imaging quantificationComputer Science ApplicationsChemistry:Chemicals and Drugs::Amino Acids Peptides and Proteins::Amino Acids::Amino Acids Essential::Methionine [Medical Subject Headings]Positron emission tomography[11C]-methionine positron emission tomography:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Diagnosis::Prognosis [Medical Subject Headings]Artificial intelligenceTA1-2040businessApplied Sciences
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