Search results for "post"

showing 10 items of 6213 documents

Relationship between PTH, sex steroid and bone turnover marker measurements and bone density in recently postmenopausal women

2003

Objective: It is conceivable that, since menopause accelerates the continuous bone loss determined by age, a specific configuration of bone mass determinants during the first postmenopausal years occurs. Methods: To establish their value as indicators of bone mass in women with recent natural menopause, we assessed relationships between bone mineral density (BMD) and age, menopausal age, body mass index (BMI), PTH, sex steroid hormones (estradiol and testosterone), and several markers of bone turnover in urine (N-telopeptide and calcium/creatinine ratio) or serum (osteocalcin (OC), total alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total and ionic calcium (iCa), phosphate (P) and magnesium (Mg)) for a group…

medicine.medical_specialtyBone diseaseBone densityOsteocalcinOsteoporosisParathyroid hormoneCollagen Type IGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyBody Mass IndexPhosphatesBone remodelingBone DensityReference ValuesInternal medicinemedicineHumansMagnesiumTestosteroneOsteoporosis PostmenopausalFemoral neckBone mineralEstradiolbusiness.industryObstetrics and GynecologyMiddle AgedAlkaline Phosphatasemedicine.diseaseMenopauseEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structureParathyroid HormoneCreatinineCalciumFemaleCollagenPeptidesbusinessBiomarkersMaturitas
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Ipriflavone prevents radial bone loss in postmenopausal women with low bone mass over 2 years.

1997

Two hundred and fifty-five postmenopausal women with distal forearm bone mineral density (BMD) 1 SD below the mean value for normal age-matched postmenopausal subjects were randomly allocated to a 2-year treatment with oral ipriflavone (200 mg t.i.d.) or a matched placebo, according to a double-masked, parallel-group design. All patients also received a 1 g/day calcium supplement. Distal radius BMD and bone metabolism markers were measured at baseline, and every 6 months. Blood haematology and chemistry and physical parameters were monitored at the same time. One hundred and ninety-six patients completed 2 years of treatment. BMD changes from baseline were analysed according to valid comple…

medicine.medical_specialtyBone diseaseEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismOsteoporosisUrologyPlaceboBone and BonesBone remodelingchemistry.chemical_compoundBone DensityHumansMedicineOsteoporosis PostmenopausalAgedBone mineralCreatinineIntention-to-treat analysisbusiness.industryMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseIsoflavonesSurgeryHydroxyprolineRadiuschemistryFemaleIpriflavonebusinessmedicine.drug
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Efficacy of proteolytic enzyme bromelain on health outcomes after third molar surgery. Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical tri…

2019

Background Bromelain is a cysteine protease isolated from pineapple with a range of biological properties including platelet aggregation inhibition and anti-inflammatory effects. Recent studies have evaluated the clinical implications of bromelain in reducing postoperative inflammatory complications after third molar surgery, but the results are contrasting. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the effects of bromelain on health outcomes in patients submitted to third molar surgery. Material and Methods The study was conducted following the PRISMA statement. Searches were conducted in six electronic databases and Google Scholar from inception to May 2018. The following element…

medicine.medical_specialtyBromelain (pharmacology)PopulationReviewTrismusPlacebolaw.invention03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinePostoperative ComplicationsRandomized controlled triallawInternal medicinemedicineHumans030212 general & internal medicineeducationGeneral DentistryRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicInflammationeducation.field_of_studyPain Postoperativebusiness.industryProteolytic enzymes030206 dentistry:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]BromelainsTreatment OutcomeOtorhinolaryngologyStrictly standardized mean differenceMeta-analysisUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASSurgeryMolar Thirdmedicine.symptomOral Surgerybusiness
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Impact of grouping patients by 2017 GOLD strategy assessment criteria: a post hoc analysis of the TONADO and OTEMTO trials

2017

Introduction: Compared to the 2014 scheme, the 2017 GOLD COPD strategy uses only symptoms and exacerbation history to group patients, and no longer gives reference to the severity of airflow limitation. Aims: This post hoc analysis of TONADO and OTEMTO data aims to determine the impact of updated assessment criteria on patient classification and characteristics within these groups. Methods: TONADO (NCT01431274/NCT01431287; N=5162) and OTEMTO (NCT01964352/NCT02006732; N=1621) Phase III trials investigated efficacy and safety of tiotropium+olodatorol fixed-dose combination in COPD patients. In this analysis, patients were classed as GOLD A–D by the 2017 or 2014 criteria. In TONADO the mMRC Dy…

medicine.medical_specialtyCOPDPhase iii trialsExacerbationbusiness.industrymedicine.diseaseRisk groupsPatient classificationInternal medicinePost-hoc analysismedicineIn patientbusinessLung functionClinical Problems COPD
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Appendectomy during the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy: a multicenter ambispective cohort study by the Italian Society of Endoscopic Surgery and new tech…

2021

AbstractMajor surgical societies advised using non-operative management of appendicitis and suggested against laparoscopy during the COVID-19 pandemic. The hypothesis is that a significant reduction in the number of emergent appendectomies was observed during the pandemic, restricted to complex cases. The study aimed to analyse emergent surgical appendectomies during pandemic on a national basis and compare it to the same period of the previous year. This is a multicentre, retrospective, observational study investigating the outcomes of patients undergoing emergent appendectomy in March–April 2019 vs March–April 2020. The primary outcome was the number of appendectomies performed, classifie…

medicine.medical_specialtyCOVID-19 PandemicCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)Endoscopic surgeryNOAppendectomy; Appendicitis; COVID-19 Pandemic; Machine learningCohort Studies03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinePostoperative ComplicationsRetrospective StudiePandemicMachine learningmedicineHumansAppendectomyAppendicitiLaparoscopyPandemicsRetrospective Studiesmedicine.diagnostic_testPandemicbusiness.industryCOVID-19 Pandemic Appendicitis Appendicectomy Machine learningSARS-CoV-2COVID-19Length of Staymedicine.diseaseAppendicitisAppendicitisSettore MED/18SurgeryItaly030220 oncology & carcinogenesisAppendectomy; appendicitis; COVID-19 pandemic; machine learning; appendectomy; cohort studies; humans; Italy; length of stay; pandemics; postoperative complications; retrospective studies; SARS-CoV-2; appendicitis; COVID-19; laparoscopy030211 gastroenterology & hepatologySurgeryObservational studyOriginal ArticleLaparoscopyPostoperative ComplicationAppendicectomyCohort StudiebusinessComplicationCohort studyHuman
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An Insight into the Role of Postmortem Immunohistochemistry in the Comprehension of the Inflammatory Pathophysiology of COVID-19 Disease and Vaccine-…

2021

On 11 March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared a pandemic due to the spread of COVID-19 from Wuhan, China, causing high mortality rates all over the world. The related disease, which mainly affects the lungs, is responsible for the onset of Diffuse Alveolar Damage (DAD) and a hypercoagulability state, frequently leading to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and multiorgan failure, particularly in old and severe-critically ill patients. In order to find effective therapeutic strategies, many efforts have been made aiming to shed light on the pathophysiology of COVID-19 disease. Moreover, following the late advent of vaccination campaigns, the need for the comprehension …

medicine.medical_specialtyCOVID-19 VaccinesQH301-705.5AutopsyReviewDiseaseCatalysisInorganic ChemistryvaccinePandemicHumansMedicineEndotheliumBiology (General)Physical and Theoretical ChemistryIntensive care medicineDiffuse alveolar damageAdverse effectQD1-999Molecular BiologypathophysiologySpectroscopypostmortemChAdOx1 nCov-19SARS-CoV-2business.industryMechanism (biology)Organic ChemistryCOVID-19ThrombosisGeneral MedicinePathophysiologyComputer Science ApplicationsVaccinationChemistryimmunohistochemistryCytokinesAutopsybusinessInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences
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Postmortem Imaging in Drowning

2019

The diagnosis of drowning is one of the most difficult in the field of forensic medicine since the autopsy findings are often not specific and the laboratory examinations are controversially appreciated by the scientific community. In a cadaver recovered from water, it is of utmost importance to differentiate antemortem and postmortem drowning. This chapter fully investigates biological/thanato-chemical, pathological and imaging findings which may guide the definitive diagnosis.

medicine.medical_specialtyCadaverbusiness.industryPostmortem ctmedicineAutopsyRadiologybusinesshealth care economics and organizations
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Pre- and postsynaptic effects of muscarinic agonists in the guinea-pig ileum

1980

The effects of several muscarinic agonists on smooth muscle (postsynaptic effect) and on acetylcholine release (presynaptic effect) were compared in the longitudinal muscle-myenteric plexus preparation of the guinea-pig ileum. 1. For release experiments the acetylcholine stores of the preparation were labelled with 3H-choline. Electrical field stimulation in the absence of a cholinesterase inhibitor caused an outflow of tritium that reflected release of 3H-acetylcholine. The agonists oxotremorine, arecaidinepropargylester, methylfurmethide, muscarine, carbachol, arecoline and pilocarpine inhibited the stimulation-induced outflow in a concentration-dependent manner. At the highest concentrat…

medicine.medical_specialtyCarbacholGuinea PigsNeuromuscular JunctionIn Vitro TechniquesReceptors NicotinicTritiumInhibitory postsynaptic potentialchemistry.chemical_compoundIleumPostsynaptic potentialInternal medicineMuscarinic acetylcholine receptormedicineMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4OxotremorineAnimalsReceptors CholinergicPharmacologyMuscarineOxotremorineGeneral MedicineReceptors MuscarinicAcetylcholineEndocrinologyParasympathomimeticsSolubilitychemistryAcetylcholineMuscle Contractionmedicine.drugNaunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology
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Effects of canagliflozin on serum potassium in people with diabetes and chronic kidney disease: the CREDENCE trial

2021

Abstract Aims  Hyperkalaemia is a common complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and limits the optimal use of agents that block the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system, particularly in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). In patients with CKD, sodium‒glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors provide cardiorenal protection, but whether they affect the risk of hyperkalaemia remains uncertain. Methods and results  The CREDENCE trial randomized 4401 participants with T2DM and CKD to the SGLT2 inhibitor canagliflozin or matching placebo. In this post hoc analysis using an intention-to-treat approach, we assessed the effect of canagliflozin on a composite outcome of time to eith…

medicine.medical_specialtyCardiac & Cardiovascular SystemsINHIBITIONRATIONALEPlaceboHYPERKALEMIAMECHANISMSHyperkalaemiaChronic kidney diseaseInternal medicineDiabetes mellitusType 2 diabetes mellitusEND-POINTSPost-hoc analysismedicineHumansCanagliflozinRenal Insufficiency Chronic1102 Cardiorespiratory Medicine and HaematologySodium-Glucose Transporter 2 InhibitorsCanagliflozinOUTCOMESScience & Technologybusiness.industryType 2 Diabetes Mellitus1103 Clinical Sciencesmedicine.diseaseCardiovascular System & HematologyDiabetes Mellitus Type 2Serum potassiumCardiovascular System & CardiologyPotassiumCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicinebusinessComplicationLife Sciences & BiomedicineSGLT2 inhibitorsKidney diseasemedicine.drugEuropean Heart Journal
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Dofetilide effects on the inhibition by trains of subthreshold conditioning stimuli.

2004

We investigated the electrophysiological actions of dofetilide upon the ventricular myocardium to determine whether the drug modifies the inhibitory effects of subthreshold stimuli trains upon ventricular refractoriness. In nine Langendorff perfused rabbit hearts, ventricular epicardial electrodes were used to determine the following parameters at baseline and during dofetilide perfusion (0.5 micromolar): effective (ERP) and functional (FRP) refractory periods, conduction velocity (CV), wavelength (WL), and ERP prolongation (inhibitory effect) induced by subthreshold stimuli trains (STr) at pulse frequencies of 100, 300, and 600 Hz. Dofetilide significantly prolongs ventricular refractorine…

medicine.medical_specialtyCardiac Complexes PrematureRefractory Period ElectrophysiologicalHeart VentriclesDofetilideStimulationInhibitory postsynaptic potentialNerve conduction velocityElectrocardiographyHeart Conduction SystemInternal medicinePhenethylaminesmedicinePotassium Channel BlockersAnimalsSulfonamidesDose-Response Relationship DrugSubthreshold conductionPulse (signal processing)business.industryCardiac Pacing ArtificialGeneral MedicineElectric StimulationElectrophysiologyAnesthesiaModels AnimalCardiologyRabbitsCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicinebusinessPerfusionAnti-Arrhythmia Agentsmedicine.drugPacing and clinical electrophysiology : PACE
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