Search results for "post"

Frontal–posterior theta oscillations reflect memory retrieval during sentence comprehension

2015

Abstract Successful working-memory retrieval requires that items be retained as distinct units. At the neural level, it has been shown that theta-band oscillatory power increases with the number of to-be-distinguished items during working-memory retrieval. Here we hypothesized that during sentence comprehension, verbal-working-memory retrieval demands lead to increased theta power over frontal cortex, supposedly supporting the distinction amongst stored items during verbal-working-memory retrieval. Also, synchronicity may increase between the frontal cortex and the posterior cortex, with the latter supposedly supporting item retention. We operationalized retrieval by using pronouns, which r…

Postmortem distribution of dihydrocodeine and metabolites in a fatal case of dihydrocodeine intoxication.

1998

A report of a fatal dihydrocodeine ingestion under substitution therapy is given. Quantitation of dihydrocodeine, dihydromorphine, N-nordihydrocodeine, dihydrocodeine-6-, dihydromorphine-6- and dihydromorphine-3-glucuronide was performed simultaneously after solid-phase extraction prior to HPLC analysis, and the analytes were detected using their native fluorescence. Postmortem concentrations of blood samples from different sampling sites as well as from liver, kidney and cerebrum are reported. A hair sample was investigated to prove long-term use of the substitute drug. Site-to-site differences of the analytes from blood samples were very small. The partition behavior of the opioid glucuro…

Effect of static foot posture on the dynamic stiffness of foot joints during walking

2018

Background The static foot posture has been related to the development of lower limb injuries. Research question This study aimed to investigate the dynamic stiffness of foot joints during gait in the sagittal plane to understand the role of the static foot posture in the development of injuries. Methods Seventy healthy adult male subjects with different static postures, assessed by the Foot Posture Index (FPI) (30 normal, 20 highly pronated and 20 highly supinated), were recruited. Kinematic and kinetic data were recorded using an optical motion capture system and a pressure platform, and dynamic stiffness at the different stages of the stance was calculated from the slopes of the linear r…

Prospective assessment of postoperative pain after craniotomy.

2010

Pain after craniotomy may be underdiagnosed, despite the fact that it can increase postoperative complications for example arterial hypertension and postoperative hemorrhage. This study investigates the incidence and intensity of pain after craniotomy and characterizes the influencing parameters. During a 1-year period 256 patients undergoing elective craniotomy were prospectively included in the study. Intensity of pain was evaluated 1, 4, and 24 hours after extubation using a verbal numerical rating scale (NRS) ranging from 0 (no pain) to 10 (maximal pain). Routine perioperative pain management was not influenced by the investigators. Parameters including patient-related factors, drug adm…

Selective decontamination of the digestive tract in adult-to-adult living related liver transplant patients: a single centre experience

2008

Catecholamine release in human skin--a microdialysis study.

2003

Dermal microdialysis might be a promising tool to investigate properties of sympathetic neurons in the skin as investigation of peripheral noradrenergic neurons in humans usually relies on highly variable vasoconstrictor reflexes or on indirect measurements like skin temperature recordings. To evaluate this technique, 21 experiments were performed in 15 healthy subjects with four intracutaneous microdialysis fibers (diameter, 200 microm; cutoff, 5 kDa) at hands or feet. After 60 min, saline perfusion tyramine at concentrations of 0.195 to 200 microg/ml was applied for 15 min followed by a 15-min saline perfusion again. Catecholamine concentrations were detected through high-performance liqu…

Endoscopic Neurosurgery and Endoscope-assisted Microneurosurgery for the Treatment of Intracranial Cysts

1998

Objective Different endoscopic techniques have been introduced into neurosurgery, but accepted terminology and definitions are still missing. We propose a terminology based on whether the endoscope is used alone or in conjunction with an operating microscope and on whether the route of surgical manipulations is through or outside the endoscope. Accordingly, procedures are categorized into endoscopic neurosurgery (EN), endoscope-assisted microneurosurgery (EAM), and endoscope-controlled microneurosurgery (ECM). Methods We treated 36 patients with intracranial arachnoid cysts (ACs) and intraventricular cysts endoscopically. The patients ranged in age from 4 months to 69 years (mean age, 31 yr…

Endoscope-assisted Brain Surgery: Part 2—Analysis of 380 Procedures

1998

Objectives Microsurgical techniques and instruments that help to reduce intraoperative retraction of normal intracranial neuronal and vascular structures contribute to improved postoperative results. To achieve sufficient control of the operating field without retraction of neurovascular components, the resection of dura and bone edges is frequently required, which, on the other hand, increases operating time and operation-related trauma. The use of endoscopes may help to reduce retraction and, at the same time, may help to avoid additional dura and bone resection. The aim of this study is to describe the principles on which the technique of endoscope-assisted brain surgery is based, to giv…

Development and external validation of a clinical prediction model for functional impairment after intracranial tumor surgery

2021

OBJECTIVE Decision-making for intracranial tumor surgery requires balancing the oncological benefit against the risk for resection-related impairment. Risk estimates are commonly based on subjective experience and generalized numbers from the literature, but even experienced surgeons overestimate functional outcome after surgery. Today, there is no reliable and objective way to preoperatively predict an individual patient’s risk of experiencing any functional impairment. METHODS The authors developed a prediction model for functional impairment at 3 to 6 months after microsurgical resection, defined as a decrease in Karnofsky Performance Status of ≥ 10 points. Two prospective registries in…

Optical coherence tomography of macular thickness after biaxial vs coaxial microincision clear corneal cataract surgery

2009

PURPOSE To evaluate macular thickness changes after biaxial microincision versus coaxial small incision cataract surgery using optical coherence tomography (OCT). METHODS This prospective, randomized, marked study comprised 70 patients (70 eyes) undergoing biaxial microincision surgery or conventional coaxial phacoemulsification. Patients were evaluated by Stratus OCT preoperatively and 1 day, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks postoperatively. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), phacoemulsification power, and effective phacoemulsification time (EPT) were evaluated. RESULTS In the biaxial group, median foveal thickness changed from 160 microm preoperatively to 168 microm 8 weeks postoperatively (p=0.018…