Search results for "potential barrier"
showing 10 items of 23 documents
The Impact of a Finite Waveguide Work Function on Resonant Tunneling
2021
To describe electron transport in a waveguide, we assume that the electron wave functions vanish at the waveguide boundary. This means that, being in the waveguide, an electron can not cross the waveguide boundary because of the infinite potential barrier. In reality, the assumption has never been fulfilled: generally, electrons can penetrate through the waveguide boundary and go some distance away from the waveguide. Therefore, we have to clarify how this phenomenon affects the resonant tunneling.
Oscillations of a highly discrete breather with a critical regime
2000
We analyze carefully the essential features of the dynamics of a stationary discrete breather in the ultimate degree of energy localization in a nonlinear Klein-Gordon lattice with an on-site double-well potential. We demonstrate the existence of three different regimes of oscillatory motion in the breather dynamics, which are closely related to the motion of the central particle in an effective potential having two nondegenerate wells. In given parameter regions, we observe an untrapped regime, in which the central particle executes large-amplitude oscillations from one to the other side of the potential barrier. In other parameter regions, we find the trapped regime, in which the central …
Competition between binary reactions and fusion in heavy-ion collisions at the Coulomb barrier
1992
Mass and charge distributions for binary reaction channels have been measured for the reactions86Kr with76Ge,104Ru and130Te at the Coulomb barrier using chemical separations andγ-ray spectroscopy. These systems span the region where dynamical hindrance to complete fusion sets in. The binary reactions can be subdivided into two components associated withi) reflection from the outer potential barrier (quasielastic), andii) reseparation after passing the barrier (complex reactions). The sum of complex-reaction channels and evaporation residues from complete fusion can be reproduced by a barrier passing calculation. The fraction of the barrier passing flux leading to reseparation increases from…
Enhancement of stability in randomly switching potential with metastable state
2004
The overdamped motion of a Brownian particle in randomly switching piece-wise metastable linear potential shows noise enhanced stability (NES): the noise stabilizes the metastable system and the system remains in this state for a longer time than in the absence of white noise. The mean first passage time (MFPT) has a maximum at a finite value of white noise intensity. The analytical expression of MFPT in terms of the white noise intensity, the parameters of the potential barrier, and of the dichotomous noise is derived. The conditions for the NES phenomenon and the parameter region where the effect can be observed are obtained. The mean first passage time behaviours as a function of the mea…
NOISE EFFECTS IN POLYMER DYNAMICS
2008
The study of the noise induced effects on the dynamics of a chain molecule crossing a potential barrier, in the presence of a metastable state, is presented. A two-dimensional stochastic version of the Rouse model for a flexible polymer has been adopted to mimic the molecular dynamics and to take into account the interactions between adjacent monomers. We obtain a nonmonotonic behavior of the mean first passage time and its standard deviation, of the polymer centre of inertia, with the noise intensity. These findings reveal a noise induced effect on the mean crossing time. The role of the polymer length is also investigated.
Total angular momenta of even-parity autoionizing levels and odd-parity high-lying levels of atomic uranium
2002
Using three-step resonance ionization spectroscopy, over 200 even-parity autoionizing (AI) levels of atomic uranium, including Rydberg series converging to the second lowest ionic level (6L 11/2o), were observed in the 49 930–51 200 cm−1 energy range. Total angular momenta (J values) of these levels were determined by a polarization combination method as well as a method based on the J-momentum selection rule. Using the AI levels of which J values were determined unambiguously, unique J values were also assigned for about 70 high-lying odd-parity levels. The observed J-dependence on autoionization linewidth is interpreted as being due to a centrifugal potential barrier.
Quantum walk on the line through potential barriers
2015
Quantum walks are well-known for their ballistic dispersion, traveling $\Theta(t)$ away in $t$ steps, which is quadratically faster than a classical random walk's diffusive spreading. In physical implementations of the walk, however, the particle may need to tunnel through a potential barrier to hop, and a naive calculation suggests this could eliminate the ballistic transport. We show by explicit calculation, however, that such a loss does not occur. Rather, the $\Theta(t)$ dispersion is retained, with only the coefficient changing, which additionally gives a way to detect and quantify the hopping errors in experiments.
Momentum-resolved photoelectron absorption in surface barrier scattering on Ir(111) and graphene/Ir(111)
2017
Physical review / B 96(15), 155108 (2017). doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.96.155108
Stability measures in metastable states with Gaussian colored noise
2009
We present a study of the escape time from a metastable state of an overdamped Brownian particle, in the presence of colored noise generated by Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process. We analyze the role of the correlation time on the enhancement of the mean first passage time through a potential barrier and on the behavior of the mean growth rate coefficient as a function of the noise intensity. We observe the noise enhanced stability effect for all the initial unstable states used, and for all values of the correlation time $\tau_c$ investigated. We can distinguish two dynamical regimes characterized by weak and strong correlated noise respectively, depending on the value of $\tau_c$ with respect to …
Escape from a metastable state with fluctuating barrier
2003
Abstract We investigate the escape of a Brownian particle from fluctuating metastable states. We find the conditions for the noise enhanced stability (NES) effect for periodical driving force. We obtain general equations useful to calculate the average escape time for randomly switching potential profiles. For piece-wise linear potential profile we reveal the noise enhanced stability (NES) effect, when the height of “reverse” potential barrier of metastable state is comparatively small. We obtain analytically the condition for the NES phenomenon and the average escape time as a function of parameters, which characterize the potential and the driving dichotomous noise.