Search results for "properties"
showing 10 items of 1948 documents
Amorphous silicon nanotubes
2017
In the following, the attention will be focused on the silicon nanotube (SiNTs) that is a highly desired form of silicon for its fundamental role in the miniaturization trend of the electronic devices. After a description of the properties and applications of SiNTs and their fabrication methods, the attention will be focused on chemical vapour deposition (CVD) template synthesis that is the most usual synthetic method for this material. Then, galvanic template synthesis will be described as a general method for the fabrication of different metals and oxides nanostructures, therefore the use of this technique for synthesizing SiNTs will be detailed. Characterization methods will be also desc…
Local mechanical properties by Atomic Force Microscopy nanoindentations
2008
The analysis of mechanical properties on a nanometer scale is a useful tool for combining information concerning texture organization obtained by microscopy with the properties of individual components- Moreover, this technique promotes the understanding of the hierarchical arrangement in complex natural materials as well in the case of simpler morphologies arising from industrial processes. Atomic Force Microscopy, AFM, can bridge morphological information, obtained with outstanding resolution, to local mechanical properties. When performing an AFM nanoindentation, the rough force curve, i.e., the plot of the voltage output from the photodiode vs. the voltage applied to the piezo-scanner, …
Soil data from Italy (Sicily)
2013
Soil erosion and water deficit traditionally affect agriculture of Mediterranean areas. In Sicily, these issues are complicated by the very accentuated spatial and temporal variability of rainfall that concentrates in the northern coast and in the period from October to April. Modelling of the hydrological processes may help to prevent soil loss, predict the fate of agrochemicals in the soil profile, optimize dry agriculture and manage irrigation. However, agro-hydrological simulation models require the detailed knowledge of the soil hydraulic properties, i.e. the water retention curve and the hydraulic conductivity function. The Sicilian regional administration has recently published a new…
Tailoring of the solid state properties of Al-Nb mixed oxides: A photoelectrochemical study
2013
Al-Nb containing mixed oxides were grown by anodizing sputter-deposited Al-Nb alloys of different compositions. A photoelectrochemical investigation was carried out in order to estimate the band gap, flat band potential, and conductivity type of these oxides as a function of their composition. The dependence of the band gap on the composition of mixed sp-d metal oxides has been rationalized by using a semiempirical correlation between the difference of electronegativity and band gap of oxides proposed in the literature some years ago and recently tested for regular d-d metal mixed oxides. The band gap increase observed as a function of Al content into the oxides seems mainly depending on th…
Bi-2212 and Y123 highly curved single-crystal-like objects: whiskers, bows and ring-like structures
2012
High-temperature superconducting objects of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 and Y Ba2Cu3O7 highly curved in the ab-plane, such as curved/kinked whiskers, bows and ring-like structures, were obtained within a solid?liquid?solid (SLS) grass-like growth mechanism. As-grown objects are crystals with three-dimensional epitaxy similar to conventional single crystals: they can be viewed as crystal parts ?cut? from a conventional rectangular crystal. Between our curved objects and conventional crystals, whiskers or thin films there are some differences in the superconducting properties induced only by the shape factors and no new physics is observed. Some details of the growth mechanism are discussed, emphasizing cu…
Mapping soil water content under sparse vegetation and changeable sky conditions: comparison of two thermal inertia approaches
2013
A critical analysis of a thermal inertia approach to map surface soil water content on bare and sparsely vegetated soils by means of remotely sensed data is reported. The study area is an experimental field located in Barrax, Spain. In situ data were acquired within the Barrax 2011 research project. An advanced hyperspectral scanner airborne imager provides images in the visible/near-infrared and thermal infrared bands. Images were acquired both in day and night times by the Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial between 12th and 13th of June 2011. The scene covers a corn irrigation pivot surrounded by bare soil, where a set of in situ data have been collected both previously and simult…
Thermodynamic and spectroscopic study of the binding of dimethyltin(IV) by citrate at 25°C
2006
Thermodynamic (potentiometric and calorimetric) and spectroscopic ( 1 H NMR, 119 Sn Mossbauer) studies were performed in aqueous solution in order to characterize the interaction of dimethyltin(IV) cation with citrate ligand. Six species {(CH 3 ) 2 Sn(cit) - ; [(CH 3 ) 2 Sn] 2 (cit) 2 2- ; (CH 3 ) 2 Sn(cit)H 0 ; (CH 3 ) 2 Sn(cit)OH 2- ; [(CH 3 ) 2 Sn] 2 (cit)OH 0 ; [(CH 3 ) 2 Sn] 2 (cit)(OH) 2 - } were found. All the species formed in this system are quite stable and formation percentages are fairly high. For example, at pH = 7.5 and C (CH3)2Sn = C cit = 10 mmol l -1 , E% for [(CH 3 ) 2 Sn] 2 (cit)(OH) 2 - and (CH 3 ) 2 Sn(cit)OH 2- species reaches 65%. Overall thermodynamic parameters obta…
Pd2Au36(SR)(24) cluster: structure studies
2015
The location of the Pd atoms in Pd2Au36(SC2H4Ph)(24), is studied both experimentally and theoretically. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) indicates oxidized Pd atoms. Palladium K-edge extended X-ray absorption fine-structure (EXAFS) data clearly show Pd-S bonds, which is supported by far infrared spectroscopy and by comparing theoretical EXAFS spectra in R space and circular dichroism spectra of the staple, surface and core doped structures with experimental spectra.
Structure and dielectric breakdown strength of nano calcium carbonate/polypropylene composites
2013
Nanodielectrics, a 21st-century phenomena, is envisioned to be the answer for material challenges in progressive high-voltage technology. It is well known that the proper dispersion of nanoparticles plays a key role in improving the dielectric properties of a material, but to understand where changes in the properties of a material originate, it is also essential to reveal the multiscale structure of the material. In this study, the dielectric permittivity, breakdown strength, and structure of nano calcium carbonate (nano-CaCO3)/polypropylene composites with 1.8-8.1 wt % doping were characterized systematically. The combined results from transmission electron microscopy, Raman microscopy, a…
Supercurrent-induced charge-spin conversion in spin-split superconductors
2018
We study spin-polarized quasiparticle transport in a mesoscopic superconductor with a spin-splitting field in the presence of coflowing supercurrent. In such a system, the nonequilibrium state is characterized by charge, spin, energy, and spin-energy modes. Here we show that in the presence of both spin splitting and supercurrent, all these modes are mutually coupled. As a result, the supercurrent can convert charge imbalance, which in the presence of spin splitting decays on a relatively short scale, to a long-range spin accumulation decaying only via inelastic scattering. This effect enables coherent charge-spin conversion controllable by a magnetic flux, and it can be detected by studyin…