Search results for "proteomics."

Mass Spectrometry in Wastewater-Based Epidemiology for the Determination of Small and Large Molecules as Biomarkers of Exposure: Toward a Global View…

2021

Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) estimates collective consumption or exposure to chemicals or pathogens by monitoring the substances excreted in the population’s wastewater. Advances in mass spectrometry (MS) and the application of some clinical diagnostic tools and proteomics to wastewater fingerprinting have been linked to the discovery of new biomarkers and indicators of population health and are broadening the scope of WBE that nowadays cover not only small molecule biomarkers but also genetic biomarkers, large molecules, viruses, infection diseases, resistance, etc. This mini-review highlights recent WBE advances using MS and how this progress can create a fingerprint of a city’s he…

Proteomics in ocular fluids

2007

The focus of this article is to review recent techniques in proteomic analysis of ocular fluids. These fluids include tears, aqueous humor, and vitreous, they will also be compared to serum analysis. Furthermore, we attempt to summarize some disease correlated biomarkers in ocular fluids that were discovered through different proteomic techniques in eye diseases like dry eye, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, uveitis, or diabetic retinopathy. This review is trying to point out the importance of these biomarkers for clinical applications.

Metalloprotease meprin beta generates nontoxic N-terminal amyloid precursor protein fragments in vivo.

2011

Identification of physiologically relevant substrates is still the most challenging part in protease research for understanding the biological activity of these enzymes. The zinc-dependent metalloprotease meprin β is known to be expressed in many tissues with functions in health and disease. Here, we demonstrate unique interactions between meprin β and the amyloid precursor protein (APP). Although APP is intensively studied as a ubiquitously expressed cell surface protein, which is involved in Alzheimer disease, its precise physiological role and relevance remain elusive. Based on a novel proteomics technique termed terminal amine isotopic labeling of substrates (TAILS), APP was identified …

Physiactisome: A New Nanovesicle Drug Containing Heat Shock Protein 60 for Treating Muscle Wasting and Cachexia.

2022

Currently, no commercially available drugs have the ability to reverse cachexia or counteract muscle wasting and the loss of lean mass. Here, we report the methodology used to develop Physiactisome—a conditioned medium released by heat shock protein 60 (Hsp60)—overexpressing C2C12 cell lines enriched with small and large extracellular vesicles. We also present evidence supporting its use in the treatment of cachexia. Briefly, we obtain a nanovesicle-based secretion by genetically modifying C2C12 cell lines with an Hsp60-overexpressing plasmid. The secretion is used to treat naïve C2C12 cell lines. Physiactisome activates the expression of PGC-1α isoform 1, which is di…

Comparative proteomics of breast cancer surgical tissues

2009

DIFFERENTIAL PROTEOMIC ANALYSIS OF THYROID CARCINOMA CELL LlNES

2011

Proteomic analysis of extracellular vesicles shed in vitro by MDA MB 231 breast carcinoma cells

2010

Cross talk between tumor cells and connective tissue plays a key role in tumor progression. The communication is due to the release of signalling molecules from both tumor cells and surrounding stromal cells. Several secreted proteins lack the N-terminal signal peptides and, therefore, they are secreted by alternative unconventional processes such as secretion mechanism mediated by vesicle shedding in the extracellular matrix. Actually, a certain number of proteins, playing roles in some aspects of tumor progression, have been found in shed vesicles. For example, EMMPRIN, carried out in vesicles shed by tumor cells, stimulates matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) production in stromal fibroblasts…

Mitochondrial Proteomics: An Approach to Identify Cellular Stress Induced By Amyloid-Beta Peptide

2014

Mitochondria are dynamic ATP-generating organelle which contribute to many cellular functions including bioenergetic processes. intracellular calcium regulation, alteration of reduction-oxidation potential of cells, free radical scavenging, and activation of caspase-mediated celi death. Many lines of evidence suggest that mitochondria have a central role in ageing-related neurodegenerative diseases. Mitochondrial functions can be negatively affected by Amyloid Beta-peptide (ABeta), an important component in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis, and ABeta can interact with mitochondria and cause mitochondrial dysfunction. One of the most accepted hypotheses for AD onset implicates that mito…

Cancer invasion ad metastasis: discovering new targets for diagnosis and therapeutics

2009

Cancer invasion and metastases are the hallmarks of malignant tumors and the cause of most cancer deaths. Molecular alterations that arise during cancer progression and that generate abnormal gene products, activated signal transduction pathways, and altered cancer cell-host stroma interactions can be considered targets of therapeutic drugs. Some of these drugs have already entered clinical trials, while others have shown promising results. In this review, we examine some of the successive steps of the metastatic process: cancer cell migration and invasion of the tumor microenvironment, angiogenesis and following extravasation focusing on the deranged signalling pathways underlying the mali…

Exploration of extracellular vesicles from

2018

ABSTRACT The prevalent porcine helminth, Ascaris suum, compromises pig health and reduces farm productivity worldwide. The closely related human parasite, A. lumbricoides, infects more than 800 million people representing a disease burden of 1.31 million disability-adjusted life years. The infections are often chronic in nature, and the parasites have a profound ability to modulate their hosts’ immune responses. This study provides the first in-depth characterisation of extracellular vesicles (EVs) from different developmental stages and body parts of A. suum and proposes the role of these vesicles in the host–parasite interplay. The release of EVs from the third- (L3) and fourth-stage (L4)…