Search results for "prunus"
showing 10 items of 141 documents
Relationship between canopy architecture and fruit quality on 'Rich May' peach grafted onto 'Penta' and 'GF677' rootstocks
2006
Observations on crop efficiency and fruit quality of peach trees of ‘Rich May’ grafted onto ‘GF677’ (peach x almond) and ‘Penta’ (Prunus domestica L.) rootstocks are reported. Results were related to canopy architecture parameters, particularly to scaffold branches, shoot and leaf blade inclination angles, to the pattern of light distribution, and to the area of sunflecks projected at midday on the ground. Trees grafted onto ‘GF677’ were more vigorous, in terms of trunk cross-sectional area, summer pruning weight and leaf area. Within canopy light distribution profiles were in agreement with foliage density, with a higher light interception observed in trees grafted on ‘GF677’. Within canop…
Microspore embryogenesis induced through in vitro anther culture of almond (Prunus dulcis Mill.)
2016
Anther culture is one of the most widely used methods to induce gametic embryogenesis. The aim of this investigation was to induce microspore embryogenesis in almond (Prunus dulcis Mill.), through this technique. Anthers were cultured at the vacuolated developmental stage, and seven cultivars, two culture media and two temperature treatments were assessed. Although evidence of the microspore induction was observed in all the genotypes and treatments tested (symmetrical nucleus division and multinucleated structures), calli were produced merely by anthers cultured in the medium P and the regeneration of embryos was detected only in anthers of the cultivars Filippo Ceo, Lauranne and Genco, pl…
Boron mobility in deciduous forest trees in relation to their polyols
2004
Summary • Boron (B) has been found to be phloem mobile in species that translocate polyols, whereas it is almost immobile in other species. The objectives of the present study were to survey B mobility in deciduous trees, and to relate it to the presence of polyols. • The stable isotope 10B was applied as a tracer to mature leaves of seedlings, and growing leaves were subsequently harvested for B isotope analysis. • Extensive B mobility was found in Sorbus aucuparia and Prunus padus, species with high sorbitol content, but also in Ulmus glabra, with only trace amounts of B-complexing polyols. Alnus incana, Fraxinus excelsior, Betula pubescens and Larix sibirica also translocated 10B into ne…
Role of Myzus persicae (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and its secondary hosts in plum pox virus propagation
2007
Plum pox virus (family Potyviridae, genus Potyvirus, PPV) is one of the most important viral pathogens of plants in the genus Prunus, particularly Prunus persica L. The role of the Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) as a vector of PPV-M, and its role in spreading PPV-M, was investigated. PPV-M-infected peach trees were used as inoculum sources, and transmission to 15 herbaceous species commonly present in and around peach orchards was evaluated. The presence of PPV-M in secondary hosts after aphid transmission was verified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction tests. The results indicate that Saponaria ocymoides L., Pisum sativum L., Trifolium repens L., Trifolium p…
Phloem and xylem flow contributions to nectarine fruit development
2021
This study aimed at determining how source-sink balance and phloem/xylem flows affect nectarine fruit growth during development. Different levels of water and assimilate availability to growing fruits were induced in vivo by varying leaf:fruit ratio (L:F) of fruiting shoots and by interrupting the phloem stream (girdling) at the base of entire fruiting shoots. Two fruiting shoots in each of six ‘Big Top’ adult nectarine trees were selected, labeled and their L:F was adjusted by thinning fruits or removing leaves to two levels: high L:F and low L:F. Stem water potential, stomatal conductance, continuous fruit diameter and leaf turgor pressure were measured before and after girdling at stage …
Effect of Palletized Map Storage on the Quality and Nutritional Compounds of the Japanese Plum cv. Angeleno (Prunus salicina Lindl.)
2016
The influence of active modified atmosphere packaging MAP (10.0 kPa of O2 and 5 kPa of CO2) on palletized system was evaluated to extend the marketability of fresh plums cv. Angeleno. Fruits were wrapped with a polyethylene film in pallet bag units at 1C and 90% relative humidity for up to 60 days. The gas values of the pallet bags, the fruit weight losses and their qualitative and nutraceutical characteristics were periodically monitored to evaluate the goodness of storage. The results showed as the pallet bag have maintained the market life of Angeleno plums to up to 60 days, preserving the most important qualitative traits of fruits. After 20, 40 and 60 days the MAP treatment maintained …
Intra-allelic variation in introns of the S13-RNase allele distinguishes sweet, wild and sour cherries
2010
The cherry (Prunus avium), a self-incompatible diploid species, and the sour cherry (Prunus cerasus), a self-incompatible or self-compatible allotetraploid species derived from P. avium and Prunus fruticosa, share several S-RNase alleles, including S13. An inactive form, S13° ,i s found in some sour cherries. Two (AT) microsatellites are associated with allele S13-RNase, one in the first intron and one in the second. Their length polymorphisms were studied in 14 sweet and 17 wild cherries (both P. avium) and in 42 sour cherries. Fluorescent primers amplifying each microsatellite were designed and amplification prod- ucts sized on an automated sequencer. Variants ranged from 247 to 273 bp fo…
Fruit physical, chemical and aromatic attributes of early, intermediate and late apricot cultivars.
2010
BACKGROUND: In order to reach good fruit quality, apricots require a balance of sugars and acids as well as a strong apricot aroma. In this study, fruit quality of early, intermediate and late apricot cultivars was evaluated by measuring physical, chemical and olfactory attributes. Multivariate analysis of quality and aroma attributes was used to identify groups of similar cultivars and association with ripening season. RESULTS: Physical, chemical and aromatic attributes showed great variation amongcultivars but no relation to ripening season. Aromatic profiles (34 volatiles) of fruit tissues indicated qualitative and quantitative differences among cultivars. Ninfa and Mandorlon were riches…
SENSORY EVALUATION AND SUITABILITY FOR FRESH-CUT PRODUCE OF WHITE PEACH [PRUNUS PERSICA (L.) BATSCH] 'SETTEMBRINA DI BIVONA'
2015
âSettembrina di Bivonaâ peaches were cut into slices to assess their suitability as fresh-cut produce. Untreated (control) and treated with calcium lactate fresh cut slices were closed in plastic boxes for 24 hours (T1) or five days of storage (T2) at 5°C, and then placed at 20°C to assess consumersâ liking. Soluble solids content, titratable acidity, firmness and pH were measured. A sample of n = 750 consumers was selected taking into consideration three variables: age (from 25 to 55 years old), professional status (employed) and aptitude to buy fresh-cut fruit for personal use. A systematic sampling was used, with a detection point based in a properly selected supermarket during t…
Can Mating Disruption Be a Possible Route to Control Plum Fruit Moth in Mediterranean Environments?
2020
Simple Summary Grapholita funebrana is a main pest of plum throughout the Palearctic region. The management of this pest is generally carried out with chemical insecticides. In this study we investigated the suitability of the mating disruption as alternative method of control of this pest. Experiments were carried out in organic plum orchards during 2012 and 2014. Trap catches and fruit sampling were carried out to estimate the efficacy of this technique in reducing males catch and fruit infestation. The results indicated that the males caught in traps placed in the treatment plots was always significantly lower than untreated plots. The chemical analysis of the pheromone emission from the…