Search results for "pupil"

showing 10 items of 181 documents

Optical and visual performance of diffractive intraocular lens implantation after myopic laser in situ keratomileusis

2008

To evaluate the optical and visual quality in eyes with diffractive intraocular lenses (IOLs) after myopic laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK).Fernández-Vega Ophthalmological Institute, Oviedo, Spain.The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA [distance]) at 12.5%, 25.0%, and 100% contrasts under photopic and mesopic conditions; best distance-corrected near acuity; corneal total higher-order aberrations (HOAs); and optical quality by modulation transfer function (MTF) were measured after myopic LASIK in eyes with a spherical AcrySof ReSTOR SN60D3 IOL or an aspheric Acri.LISA 366D IOL and phakic eyes (control).Under photopic conditions at 100% contrast, the BCVA was 0.1 logMAR or better in all g…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyRefractive errorPseudophakiagenetic structuresMesopic visionmedicine.medical_treatmentKeratomileusis Laser In SituVisual AcuityKeratomileusisIntraocular lensProsthesis DesignCataractPupilContrast SensitivityLens Implantation IntraocularOphthalmologyMyopiamedicineHumansProspective StudiesAgedLenses IntraocularPhacoemulsificationbusiness.industryLASIKPhacoemulsificationMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseeye diseasesSensory SystemsOphthalmologyOptometryFemaleLasers ExcimerSurgerysense organsbusinessPhotopic visionJournal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery
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Visual Acuity and Contrast Sensitivity in Eyes Implanted with Aspheric and Spherical Intraocular Lenses

2009

Purpose To compare visual acuity and contrast sensitivity (CS) in eyes implanted with aspheric and spherical intraocular lenses (IOLs) after cataract surgery. Design Randomized, prospective study. Participants Five hundred twenty-four eyes from 262 cataract surgery patients implanted with 2 IOL models: the AcrySof IQ (262 eyes) and AcrySof SN60AT (262 eyes; Alcon Laboratories, Fort Worth, TX). Methods High-contrast photopic best-corrected distance visual acuity (BCVA) and CS under photopic (85 cd/m 2 ) and mesopic (6 cd/m 2 ) conditions were measured. Pupil diameter was analyzed for distance vision under both lighting conditions. Follow-up was carried out for 6 months in all patients. Main …

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyVisual acuityLightPseudophakiagenetic structuresMesopic visionmedia_common.quotation_subjectmedicine.medical_treatmentAcrylic ResinsVisual AcuityDark AdaptationIntraocular lensCataract ExtractionProsthesis DesignContrast SensitivityLens Implantation IntraocularVision MonocularOphthalmologymedicineHumansContrast (vision)Prospective StudiesAgedmedia_commonLenses Intraocularbusiness.industryPupilCataract surgeryeye diseasesOphthalmologyAlcon LaboratoriesIntraocular lensesOptometryFemalesense organsmedicine.symptombusinessPhotopic visionOphthalmology
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Optical quality of the eye after lens replacement with a pseudoaccommodating intraocular lens

2007

To examine the optical quality of healthy presbyopic eyes before and after implantation of the pseudoaccommodating AcrySof ReSTOR Natural intraocular lens (IOL) (Alcon Laboratories) by measuring visual acuity and wavefront aberrations.University of Valencia, Fernández-Vega Ophthalmological Institute, Valencia, Spain.Monocular refraction and photopic distance (6 m) and near (0.33 m) visual acuities were determined before and after clear lens extraction with bilateral AcrySof ReSTOR Natural IOL implantation in 30 hyperopic eyes (+0.50 to +4.00 diopters [D]) of presbyopic patients with low astigmatism (or = 1.00 D). Postsurgical binocular visual acuity was measured over a range of effective di…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyVisual acuityPseudophakiagenetic structuresmedicine.medical_treatmentVisual AcuityIntraocular lensAstigmatismProsthesis DesignPupillaw.inventionContrast SensitivityLens Implantation IntraocularlawOphthalmologyLens CrystallinemedicineHumansDioptreLenses IntraocularVision BinocularPhacoemulsificationbusiness.industryAccommodation OcularPresbyopiaPhacoemulsificationMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseeye diseasesSensory SystemsLens (optics)OphthalmologyHyperopiaOptometryFemaleSurgerysense organsmedicine.symptombusinessPhotopic visionJournal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery
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Effect of partial and full correction of corneal spherical aberration on visual acuity and contrast sensitivity

2008

A 60-year-old white man had cataract surgery with an AcrySof IQ intraocular lens (IOL) implanted in the right eye and a Tecnis IOL implanted in the left eye. The ocular spherical aberration (SA) target for a 6.0 mm pupil was +0.10 microm for the right eye and 0 microm for the left eye. After surgery, the ocular SA in the right eye was significantly higher than that in the left eye (+0.112 microm +/- 0.002 [SD] versus +0.021 +/- 0.003 microm; P.001). No between-eye difference in the best corrected visual acuity and photopic contrast sensitivity was found. The contrast sensitivity was significantly better in the eye with the AcrySof IQ IOL at 12 and 18 cpd under mesopic conditions. The best c…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyVisual acuityPseudophakiagenetic structuresmedicine.medical_treatmentmedia_common.quotation_subjectVisual AcuityIntraocular lensPupilContrast SensitivityCorneaLens Implantation IntraocularOphthalmologyCorneamedicineHumansContrast (vision)media_commonPhacoemulsificationbusiness.industryMiddle AgedCataract surgeryRefractive Errorseye diseasesSensory SystemsOphthalmologyLeft eyeSpherical aberrationmedicine.anatomical_structureSurgerysense organsmedicine.symptombusinessJournal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery
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Visual Comparison of an Artificial Pupil Contact Lens to Monovision

2012

PURPOSE To assess and compare the effects of contact-lens based artificial pupil design and monovision correction on visual performance. METHODS In a cross-over study design, 22 presbyopic patients (age range 50 to 64 years) were evaluated using artificial pupil contact lens on the non-dominant eye and monovision. After 1 month, binocular distance visual acuity (BDVA), binocular near visual acuity (BNVA), defocus curve, binocular distance contrast sensitivity, binocular near contrast sensitivity, and stereoacuity were measured, under photopic conditions (85 cd/m2), in each patient after contact lens fitting. Moreover, BDVA and binocular distance contrast sensitivity were examined under meso…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyVisual acuitygenetic structuresContact LensesMesopic visionmedia_common.quotation_subjectVisual AcuityPupilVision MonocularOphthalmologymedicineHumansContrast (vision)media_commonMathematicsCross-Over StudiesPupilEquipment DesignPresbyopiaMiddle Agedeye diseasesContact lensStereoscopic acuityOphthalmologyTreatment OutcomeFemaleSpatial frequencymedicine.symptomFollow-Up StudiesOptometryPhotopic visionOptometry and Vision Science
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Pseudoaccommodating intraocular lens implantation in patients with irregular nonreactive pupils.

2007

We report 3 patients implanted with the AcrySof ReSTOR pseudoaccommodating intraocular lens (IOL) who had irregular nonreactive pupils as a consequence of pupil stretching during phacoemulsification. Despite the pupils, the visual acuity at distance and near was not compromised. The outcome in these cases suggests that an irregular nonreactive pupil is not an exclusion criterion for pseudoaccommodating IOL implantation.

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyVisual acuitygenetic structuresPseudophakiamedicine.medical_treatmentIntraocular lensPupilLens Implantation IntraocularPupil DisordersOphthalmologyMedicineHumansIn patientAgedAged 80 and overLenses IntraocularPhacoemulsificationbusiness.industryAccommodation OcularPhacoemulsificationeye diseasesSensory SystemsOphthalmologySurgerysense organsmedicine.symptombusinessJournal of cataract and refractive surgery
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L’inclusione vista dagli alunni: costruzione e validazione del questionario per rilevare la qualità inclusiva della scuola

2018

Molti studi nazionali e internazionali si sono concentrati sulla valutazione e sulla promozione della qualità inclusiva della scuola. Si tratta di un argomento complesso, che ha stimolato un ampio dibattito e una varietà di contributi che mettono in luce la necessità di uno strumento in grado di misurare la qualità inclusiva delle nostre scuole, per determinare l’evidenza empirica riguardo a questo tema. L’articolo presenta i risultati di una sperimentazione finalizzata alla redazione di un questionario per la rilevazione della qualità inclusiva del sistema scolastico percepita dagli alunni. Il questionario si pone come uno strumento di valutazione e autovalutazione che permette la misurazi…

Many national and international studies have concentrated on the evaluation and promotion of the inclusive qualities of schools. It is a complex issue which has led to wide debate and a variety of contributions which in turn highlight the need for a tool capable of measuring the inclusive quality of our schools in order to determine the empirical evidence regarding this topic. This article presents the results of an experiment in drafting a questionnaire in order to measure the inclusive quality of the school system perceived by its pupils. The questionnaire is intended as an evaluation and selfevaluation tool that enables the inclusive quality generated by the context to be measured as it is perceived by pupils. At the same time the tool allows reflection processes amongst teachers to be promoted so that they can implement educational activities which contribute to the planning and control of inclusive teaching practices. This contribution puts forward an original tool for measuring the inclusive quality of the school system perceived by pupils attending primary school in several Sicilian towns. It was administered in its definitive version to a sample of 1652 children. The psychometric properties of the tool and the significance it can hold in the areas of planning in research and of educational design are presented in this paper.Settore M-PED/03 - Didattica E Pedagogia Speciale
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Optical power distribution of refractive and aspheric multifocal contact lenses: Effect of pupil size

2015

Abstract Purpose To evaluate the power profile within the optic zone of different designs of multifocal contact lenses (CLs) and to analyze how the effect of pupil size could impact on their optical performance. Methods The optical power distribution within the optic zones of multifocal CLs was measured by the Nimo TR1504 (LAMBDA-X, Belgium). The multifocal CLs under study were the Acuvue Bifocal, the Acuvue Oasys for Presbyopia, the PureVision Multifocal and the PureVision 2 for Presbyopia. Each design was considered in all their available addition powers. All lenses had a nominal power of −3.0D. At the same time, three lenses of each model were considered and five consecutive readings of …

Materials scienceLightContact LensesPupil diameterIrisOptical powerlaw.inventionCLs upper limitsOpticslawmedicineHumansScattering Radiationbusiness.industryPupil sizeEquipment DesignPresbyopiaGeneral MedicinePresbyopiamedicine.diseaseRefractionEquipment Failure AnalysisLens (optics)RefractometryOphthalmologybusinessOptometryContact Lens and Anterior Eye
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Pupillometry as a measure for listening effort in children: a review

2020

Listening effort can be defined as the deliberate allocation of mental resources to overcome obstacles when carrying out a listening task. Requiring mental resources, it may detract from other type...

Measure (physics)Task (project management)03 medical and health sciencesSpeech and Hearinglistening effort0302 clinical medicinePupillometrychildrenOtorhinolaryngologyActive listeningPupillometry; listening effort; children030223 otorhinolaryngologyPsychology030217 neurology & neurosurgeryPupillometryCognitive psychologyHearing, Balance and Communication
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QUALITY OF INCLUSIVE EDUCATION, OBSTACLES AND NECESSARY PEDAGOGICAL SOLUTIONS IN WORKING WITH PUPILS WITH AUTISM IN ITALY

2018

Nowadays are increasingly encountered children diagnosed with autism, but there are still serious problems of inclusion of these children in the comprehensive general education system. This is due to various factors. The author of this study many years is working in the schools of special education in Rome, so in the year 2010 started research on inclusion of pupils with autism into the Italian schools. The idea is to transmit the author's knowledge and experience further in Latvia, where inclusion of such pupils into general education schools is still at an early stage because of a lack of both human resources and financial resources, as well in regard of experience and clear understanding…

Medical educationclassmates resource; obstacles; organization; planning; pupils with autism special needs; quality of inclusive education; school; solutions; special didacticsbusiness.industrymedia_common.quotation_subjectQualitative propertyScientific literatureSpecial educationmedicine.diseaseEmpirical researchmedicineAutismQuality (business)Human resourcesbusinessPsychologyInclusion (education)media_commonSOCIETY. INTEGRATION. EDUCATION. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference
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