Search results for "quantum theory"

showing 10 items of 234 documents

Ring splitting of azetidin-2-ones via radical anions

2012

The radical anions of azetidin-2-ones, generated by UV-irradiation in the presence of triethylamine, undergo ring-splitting via N-C4 or C3-C4 bond breaking, leading to open-chain amides. This reactivity diverges from that found for the neutral excited states, which is characterised by alpha-cleavage. The preference for beta-cleavage is supported by DFT theoretical calculations on the energy barriers associated with the involved transition states. Thus, injection of one electron into the azetidin-2-one moiety constitutes a complementary activation strategy which may be exploited to produce new chemistry.

AnionsAZETIDINESFree RadicalsUltraviolet RaysElectronVINYL ETHERSRing (chemistry)PhotochemistryBiochemistryPolarizable continuum modelchemistry.chemical_compoundN-(ARYLIDENE(OR ALKYLIDENE)AMINO)-2-AZETIDINONESQUIMICA ORGANICAMoietyReactivity (chemistry)BETA-LACTAM RINGPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryTriethylamineDNA PHOTOLYASEMolecular StructureSTEREOCONTROLLED SYNTHESISOrganic ChemistryTransition stateSTEREOSELECTIVE-SYNTHESISchemistryPOLARIZABLE CONTINUUM MODELExcited stateQuantum TheoryPHOTOCHEMICAL-REACTIONSBUILDING-BLOCKS
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NMR Spectroscopic Evidence for the Intermediacy of XeF3− in XeF2/F− Exchange, Attempted Syntheses and Thermochemistry of XeF3− Salts, and Theoretical…

2010

The existence of the trifluoroxenate(II) anion, XeF(3)(-), had been postulated in a prior NMR study of the exchange between fluoride ion and XeF(2) in CH(3)CN solution. The enthalpy of activation for this exchange, ΔH(⧧), has now been determined by use of single selective inversion (19)F NMR spectroscopy to be 74.1 ± 5.0 kJ mol(-1) (0.18 M) and 56.9 ± 6.7 kJ mol(-1) (0.36 M) for equimolar amounts of [N(CH(3))(4)][F] and XeF(2) in CH(3)CN solvent. Although the XeF(3)(-) anion has been observed in the gas phase, attempts to prepare the Cs(+) and N(CH(3))(4)(+) salts of XeF(3)(-) have been unsuccessful, and are attributed to the low fluoride ion affinity of XeF(2) and fluoride ion solvation in…

AnionsAcetonitrilesMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyXenonChemistryInorganic chemistrySolvationNuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopyElectron localization functionIonInorganic ChemistryFluoridesCrystallographyMolecular geometryThermochemistryQuantum TheoryThermodynamicsSaltsDensity functional theoryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryLone pairInorganic Chemistry
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"Identification of mixed bromidochloridotellurate anions in disordered crystal structures of (bdmim)2[TeX2Y4] (X, Y = Br, Cl; bdmim = 1-butyl-2,3-dim…

2013

Abstract The discrete mixed [TeBrxCl6−x]2− anions in their disordered crystal structures have been identified by using the phases prepared by the reaction of 1-butyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium halogenides (bdmim)X with tellurium tetrahalogenides TeX4 (X = Cl, Br) as examples. Homoleptic (bdmim)2[TeX6] [X = Cl (1), Br (2)] and mixed (bdmim)2[TeBr2Cl4] (3), and (bdmim)2[TeBr4Cl2] (4) are formed depending on the choice of the reagents, and their crystal structures have been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The coordination environments of tellurium in all hexahalogenidotellurates are almost octahedral. Because of the crystallographic disorder, the mixed [TeBr2Cl4]2− and [TeBr4Cl2]2…

AnionsBromidesModels MolecularMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyAb initiochemistry.chemical_elementCrystal structureCrystallography X-RaySpectrum Analysis RamanAnalytical Chemistrysymbols.namesakechemistry.chemical_compoundChloridesX-Ray DiffractionHomolepticInstrumentationta116SpectroscopyMolecular StructureChemistryImidazolesAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsCrystallographyOctahedronsymbolsTellurium tetrachlorideQuantum TheoryTelluriumRaman spectroscopyTelluriumPowder diffractionSpectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy
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Synthesis, reactivity, and computational analysis of halophosphines supported by dianionic guanidinate ligands.

2012

The reported chemistry and reactivity of guanidinate supported group 15 elements in the +3 oxidation state, particularly phosphorus, is limited when compared to their ubiquity in supporting metallic elements across the periodic table. We have synthesized a series of chlorophosphines utilizing homo- and heteroleptic (dianionic)guanidinates and have completed a comprehensive study of their reactivity. Most notable is the reluctancy of these four-membered rings to form the corresponding N-heterocyclic phosphenium cations, the tendency to chemically and thermally eliminate carbodiimide, and the scarcely observed ring expansion by insertion of a chloro(imino)phosphine into a P-N bond of the P-N-…

AnionsModels MolecularPhosphinesRing (chemistry)Crystallography X-RayLigandsBiochemistryGuanidinesCatalysisMetalchemistry.chemical_compoundColloid and Surface ChemistryGroup (periodic table)Oxidation statePolymer chemistryOrganic chemistryMoleculeReactivity (chemistry)ta116chemistry.chemical_classificationMolecular StructureChemistryGeneral ChemistryElectron acceptorvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumQuantum TheoryPhosphineJournal of the American Chemical Society
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Toward a Rational Design of Polyamine-Based Zinc-Chelating Agents for Cancer Therapies.

2020

In vitro viability assays against a representative panel of human cancer cell lines revealed that polyamines L1a and L5a displayed remarkable activity with IC50 values in the micromolar range. Preliminary research indicated that both compounds promoted G1 cell cycle arrest followed by cellular senescence and apoptosis. The induction of apoptotic cell death involved loss of mitochondrial outer membrane permeability and activation of caspases 3/7. Interestingly, L1a and L5a failed to activate cellular DNA damage response. The high intracellular zinc-chelating capacity of both compounds, deduced from the metal-specific Zinquin assay and ZnL2+ stability constant values in solution, strongly sup…

Antineoplastic AgentsApoptosis01 natural sciences03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundStructure-Activity RelationshipCell Line TumorDrug DiscoveryPolyaminesHumansCytotoxicityCaspase030304 developmental biologyChelating Agents0303 health sciencesbiologyMolecular StructureChemistryRational designG1 Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints0104 chemical sciencesCell biology010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistryZincModels ChemicalApoptosisCell cultureDrug Designbiology.proteinMolecular MedicineQuantum TheoryDrug Screening Assays AntitumorPolyamineG1 phaseIntracellularJournal of medicinal chemistry
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Unconventional phases of attractive Fermi gases in synthetic Hall ribbons

2017

An innovative way to produce quantum Hall ribbons in a cold atomic system is to use M hyperfine states of atoms in a one-dimensional optical lattice to mimic an additional "synthetic dimension." A notable aspect here is that the SU(M) symmetric interaction between atoms manifests as "infinite ranged" along the synthetic dimension. We study the many-body physics of fermions with SU(M) symmetric attractive interactions in this system using a combination of analytical field theoretic and numerical density-matrix renormalization-group methods. We uncover the rich ground-state phase diagram of the system, including unconventional phases such as squished baryon fluids, shedding light on many-body…

AtomsHyperfine stateField (physics)One dimensional optical latticeGround statePhase separationQuantum Hall effectHadronsGround state phase diagram01 natural sciencesAttractive interactions010305 fluids & plasmasSuperfluidityHall effectQuantum mechanicsShedding light0103 physical sciencesddc:530010306 general physicsFermionsQuantumWave functionsPhysicsOptical latticeCondensed matter physicsFermionFermionic systemsElectron gasOptical latticesQuantum theoryDewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | PhysikNumerical methodsFermi gasDensity matrix renormalization group methodsStatistical mechanicsPairing correlations
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A combined experimental and theoretical study of the thermal cycloaddition of aryl azides with activated alkenes.

2011

International audience; Reactions were performed from aryl azides on the one hand, and activated alkenes coming from β-dicarbonyl compounds or malonodinitrile on the other hand, either with recourse to conventional heating or to microwave activation, to afford 1-aryl-1H-1,2,3-triazoles. The mechanism and the regioselectivity of the reactions involving β-dicarbonyl compounds have been theoretically studied using DFT methods at the B3LYP/6-31G* level: they are domino processes comprising a tautomeric equilibrium of the β-dicarbonyl compounds with their enol forms, a 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of the enol forms with the aryl azides (high activation energy), and a dehydration process (lower acti…

AzidesAntifungal AgentsAntineoplastic AgentsMicrobial Sensitivity TestsActivation energyAlkenes010402 general chemistryPhotochemistry01 natural sciencesBiochemistryStructure-Activity Relationshipchemistry.chemical_compoundCell Line TumorThermalHumansPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryMicrowavesMolecular Structure010405 organic chemistry[CHIM.ORGA]Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistryArylOrganic ChemistryTemperatureRegioselectivityStereoisomerismTriazolesEnolCombinatorial chemistryTautomerCycloadditionAnti-Bacterial Agents0104 chemical sciences[CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistrychemistryCyclizationQuantum TheoryDegradation (geology)Drug Screening Assays Antitumor
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Stepwise formation of a pentanuclear Ni4Cu heterometallic complex exhibiting a vertex-sharing defective double-cubane core and diphenoxo- and phenoxo…

2013

Sequential reaction of a N5O3 octadentate tripodal ligand with Ni(2+) and subsequently with Cu(2+) and azide ligand afforded the first example of a heterobridged (phenoxo/μ(1,1)-azido) pentanuclear heterometallic (Ni4Cu) compound, which exhibits a centrosymmetric vertex-sharing defective double-cubane structure. The study of the magnetic properties reveals that the compound shows ferromagnetic interaction interactions, leading to an S = 9/2 spin ground state. Density functional theory calculations on the X-ray structure and model compounds predict ferromagnetic interactions through the magnetic exchange pathways involving each couple of metal ions.

AzidesMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyMolecular StructureChemistryStereochemistryMetal ions in aqueous solutionStereoisomerismCrystallography X-RayLigandsVertex (geometry)Inorganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographyFerromagnetismCubaneCoordination ComplexesNickelTripodal ligandQuantum TheoryDensity functional theoryAzidePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryGround stateCopperInorganic chemistry
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Orthorhombic polymorphs of twotrans-4-aminoazoxybenzenes

2002

The two isomeric compounds 4-amino-ONN-azoxybenzene [or 1-(4-aminophenyl)-2-phenyldiazene 2-oxide], i.e. the alpha isomer, and 4-amino-NNO-azoxybenzene [or 2-(4-aminophenyl)-1-phenyldiazene 2-oxide], i.e. the beta isomer, both C(12)H(11)N(3)O, crystallized from a polar solvent in orthorhombic space groups, and their crystal and molecular structures have been determined using X-ray diffraction. There are no significant differences in the bond lengths and valence angles in the two isomers, in comparison with their monoclinic polymorphs. However, the conformations of the molecules are different due to rotation along the Ar-N bonds. In the alpha isomer, the benzene rings are twisted by 31.5 (2)…

AzoxyValence (chemistry)X ray diffractionHydrogen bondStereochemistryCrystal structureChemical bondsGeneral MedicineCrystal structureGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyConformationsIsomersBond lengthCrystallographychemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryQuantum theoryMoleculeOrthorhombic crystal systemMolecular structureMonoclinic crystal systemActa Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications
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Spin qubits with electrically gated polyoxometalate molecules

2007

Spin qubits offer one of the most promising routes to the implementation of quantum computers. Very recent results in semiconductor quantum dots show that electrically-controlled gating schemes are particularly well-suited for the realization of a universal set of quantum logical gates. Scalability to a larger number of qubits, however, remains an issue for such semiconductor quantum dots. In contrast, a chemical bottom-up approach allows one to produce identical units in which localized spins represent the qubits. Molecular magnetism has produced a wide range of systems with tailored properties, but molecules permitting electrical gating have been lacking. Here we propose to use the polyox…

Biomedical EngineeringFOS: Physical sciencesBioengineeringComputers MolecularComputer Science::Emerging TechnologiesQuantum mechanicsMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)NanotechnologyComputer SimulationGeneral Materials ScienceElectrical and Electronic EngineeringQuantumQuantum computerSpin-½PhysicsCondensed Matter - Materials ScienceCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsSpinsElectric ConductivityMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)Signal Processing Computer-AssistedSpin engineeringEquipment DesignTungsten CompoundsCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsModels ChemicalSemiconductorsQubitComputer-Aided DesignQuantum TheoryLoss–DiVincenzo quantum computerSuperconducting quantum computing
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