Search results for "radiation therapy"
showing 10 items of 504 documents
Infected osteoradionecrosis of the mandible: follow-up study suggests deterioration in outcome for patients with Actinomyces-positive bone biopsies.
2006
Abstract Infected osteoradionecrosis (IORN) is one of the major complications of oral cancer radiotherapy. Recent studies showed a high prevalence of Actinomyces in IORN. In this study, the clinical follow up of IORN patients ( n = 25; 20 male, 5 female) with regard to Actinomyces detection in the mandible was analyzed. Within 1.6–119 months of follow up, disease control was achieved in almost 90% of the patients with Actinomyces -negative bone biopsies, but only in 25% of the Actinomyces -positive group. The presence of Actinomyces was associated with a significantly higher risk of treatment failure ( P = 0.004; Fisher's exact test). This held true when the data were controlled for ‘exte…
Characterizing psychosocial distress in melanoma patients using the expert rating instrument PO-Bado SF
2014
Background Although psychosocial distress has been evaluated well in cancer entities like breast or prostate cancer, its impact on melanoma patients still needs to be characterized. The objectives of this study were to (i) evaluate psychosocial distress in melanoma patients using an expert rating instrument [basic documentation for psycho-oncology short version (PO-Bado SF)]; (ii) determine associated demographic and clinical variables; and (iii) assess the acceptance of using PO-Bado SF as a routine procedure in a skin cancer unit. Methods A cross-sectional group of 696 melanoma patients was recruited. During the routine contact, doctors assessed the patients subjective distress using PO-B…
Fatty replacement of bone marrow after radiation therapy for Hodgkin disease: Quantification with chemical shift imaging
1993
The authors studied the long-term fatty replacement of bone marrow in 23 patients who had received radiation therapy for Hodgkin disease, with T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging and quantitative chemical shift imaging. T1-weighted images revealed a mostly homogeneous high-signal-intensity pattern, in contrast to the hypointense pattern of nonirradiated marrow. The degree of fatty replacement was objectively assessed with chemical shift imaging, comparing patients to age-matched healthy volunteers. The authors found an increase in relative fat signal of 37% in the thoracic spine and 34% in the lumbar spine. The relative fat signal of nonirradiated pelvic and femoral marrow was decreased …
The fate of patients with locally advanced bladder cancer treated conservatively with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, extensive transurethral resection and…
1998
Purpose: We assess the results of bladder preservation for infiltrating bladder cancer. The potential for neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by extensive transurethral resection and radiotherapy was evaluated in 40 patients with T2-T4a G2-G3 bladder carcinoma. Materials and Methods: From 1983 to 1995, 40 patients with bladder cancer underwent bladder sparing treatment, consisting of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, extensive transurethral resection and radiotherapy. Most patients had T3G3 cancer. A deep transurethral resection biopsy was performed before and after chemotherapy, and an extensive transurethral resection was repeated at the end of radiotherapy. Of the patients 30 received cisplatin an…
Computerized tomography: an unreliable method for accurate staging of bladder tumors in patients who are candidates for radical cystectomy.
1989
A total of 164 patients with bladder tumors underwent preoperative staging by computerized tomography. All patients were previously untreated, or had undergone only transurethral biopsy or resection of the tumor before computerized tomography. The post-cystectomy histological stage was compared to the preoperative computerized tomography stage. Computerized tomography accuracy according to the tumor, nodes and metastasis classification was only 32.3%, whereas overstaging was found in 39.6% and understaging in 28.1% of the cases. In untouched tumors or after transurethral resection computerized tomography accuracy demonstrated no significant difference. Only 2 of 19 true positive lymph nodes…
Stereotactic fractionated irradiation of optic nerve sheath meningioma: a new treatment alternative
2002
Background: Primary optic nerve sheath meningioma (ONSM) is a rare but almost invariably blinding tumour when its natural history is observed in a “wait and see” strategy. Surgery has hitherto only been advocated in case of progressive disease involving intracranial structures, as it leads to iatrogenic blindness in the overwhelming majority of cases. Therefore, treatment options bearing lesser risk of functional deterioration are highly desirable, both in cases of intracranial involvement as well as during earlier phases of the disease which are currently generally left untreated. The authors report the outcome of the largest series of patients to date treated by stereotactic fractionated …
Prophylaxis of radiogenic sialadenitis and mucositis by coumarin/troxerutine in patients with head and neck cancer--a prospective,randomized, placebo…
2001
To study the efficacy of coumarin/troxerutine for the protection of salivary glands and mucosa during irradiation. Design: Prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial. Setting: University hospital, Germany. Patients: 48 patients who had radiotherapy to the head and neck. Main outcome measures: Salivary gland scintigraphy and acute side-effects of radiotherapy (Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) score). Results: 23 patients (11 experimental, 12 placebo) completed the study. The global efficacy measure combining scintigraphy and RTOG score favoured the experimental arm (P= 0.07). The RTOG score showed significantly fewer acute side-effects of radiation in the experime…
Hippocampal dose during Linac-based stereotactic radiotherapy for brain metastases: An observational study
2017
Abstract Introduction Aim of the present study is to evaluate homolateral and contralateral hippocampus (H-H, C-H, respectively) dose during Fractionated Stereotactic Radiotherapy (FSRT) or Radiosurgery (SRS) for brain metastases (BM). Materials & methods Patients with BM 3 months, were considered for SRS/FSRT (total dose 15–30 Gy, 1–5 fractions). For each BM, a Flattening Filter Free (FFF) Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) plan was generated with one or two arcs. Hippocampi were not considered during optimizations phase and were contoured and evaluated retrospectively in terms of dose: the Dmedian, Dmean, D0.1cc and the V1Gy, V2Gy, V5Gy and V10Gy were analyzed. Results From April 2…
Long‐term efficacy and safety of sonidegib in patients with advanced basal cell carcinoma: 42‐month analysis of the phase II randomized, double‐blind…
2019
Background: Basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) exhibit aberrant activation of the hedgehog pathway. Sonidegib is a hedgehog pathway inhibitor approved for the treatment of locally advanced BCC (laBCC) and metastatic BCC (mBCC) based on primary results of the BOLT study [Basal Cell Carcinoma Outcomes with LDE225 (sonidegib) Treatment]. Objectives: This is the final 42-month analysis of the BOLT study, evaluating the efficacy and safety of sonidegib. Methods: Adults with no prior hedgehog pathway inhibitor therapy were randomized in a 1 : 2 ratio to sonidegib 200 mg or 800 mg once daily. Treatment continued for up to 42 months or until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, death, study termin…
Tumor oxygenation: a new predictive parameter in locally advanced cancer of the uterine cervix.
1993
Abstract Experimental evidence suggests that hypoxia may increase the malignant potential and reduce the sensitivity toward nonsurgical treatment modalities in solid rodent tumors. However, the importance of tumor hypoxia in human malignancies is still uncertain. We have developed a clinically applicable standardized procedure for the determination of intratumoral p O 2 in advanced cervical cancers by use of a computerized polarographic needle electrode histograph. To evaluate the significance of tumor oxygenation as a new oncologic parameter we initiated an open prospective clinical trial at the University of Mainz Medical Center in June 1989. Until October 1992 50 patients with advanced c…