Search results for "radioisotope"
showing 10 items of 300 documents
Prognostic role of FDG PET/CT in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer treated with 131-iodine empiric therapy
2017
Abstract Background: To assess the long-term prognostic value of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) undergoing empiric radioiodine (RAI) therapy due to raising values of thyroglobulin (Tg). Methods: Forty-nine patients with histological diagnosis of DTC (31 with papillary and 18 with follicular carcinoma) follow-up for a mean period of 7.9 ± 5 years after empiric RAI therapy were retrospectively analyzed. Results: FDG-PET/CT was negative in 15 (30.6%) patients and positive in 34 (69.4%), whereas postradioiodine therapy whole body scan (t-WBS) was negative in 16 (32.7%) and positive in…
Dose-dependent expression of CLIP2 in post-Chernobyl papillary thyroid carcinomas
2015
Summary This study showed a clear dose-response relationship for the CLIP2 radiation marker in post-Chernobyl papillary thyroid carcinoma cohorts for young patients and hints to different molecular mechanisms in tumors induced at low doses compared to moderate/high doses.
Tumor oxygenation: a new predictive parameter in locally advanced cancer of the uterine cervix.
1993
Abstract Experimental evidence suggests that hypoxia may increase the malignant potential and reduce the sensitivity toward nonsurgical treatment modalities in solid rodent tumors. However, the importance of tumor hypoxia in human malignancies is still uncertain. We have developed a clinically applicable standardized procedure for the determination of intratumoral p O 2 in advanced cervical cancers by use of a computerized polarographic needle electrode histograph. To evaluate the significance of tumor oxygenation as a new oncologic parameter we initiated an open prospective clinical trial at the University of Mainz Medical Center in June 1989. Until October 1992 50 patients with advanced c…
Strontium90 for determination of time since death
1999
Strontium90 (Sr90) is an artificial nuclear fission product of the atmospheric a-bomb testing between 1945 and 1979. It was spread throughout the atmosphere in the following years. Sr90 is an analogue to calcium and therefore enriched in human bones. Several studies especially in the 1960s and 1970s were undertaken to investigate the Sr90 burden and the resulting incorporated radiation in humans, but present studies are missing. In this study nine bone samples, three from 1931/32 and six from 1989 to 1994 were examined by measuring the Sr90 radiation. The samples from 1931/32 did not show any Sr90 activity. All the samples from 1989 and later showed a Sr90 activity, but the intensity was ve…
Effect of radiosynoviorthesis on the progression of arthropathy and haemarthrosis reduction in haemophilic patients.
2017
IntroductionRepeated haemarthrosis is widely accepted as the triggering cause of synovitis and haemophilic arthropathy. A first-line treatment of chronic synovitis is radiosynoviorthesis (RS). The aim of this study was to evaluate the RS effects on the progression of arthropathy and on a reduction in bleeding in patients with haemophilia. MethodsAn observational-retrospective study was performed. Bleeding episodes in the 12months following and in the 12months preceding RS was compared. The arthropathy was clinically and radiologically analysed by age range, joint and subject, comparing those undergoing RS (Radiosynoviorthesis Group, RSG) against those not undergoing this treatment (Non-Radi…
Fetal dose measurements and shielding efficiency assessment in a custom setup of (192)Ir brachytherapy for a pregnant woman with breast cancer.
2015
To assess the radiation dose to the fetus of a pregnant patient undergoing high-dose-rate (HDR) (192)Ir interstitial breast brachytherapy, and to design a new patient setup and lead shielding technique that minimizes the fetal dose.Radiochromic films were placed between the slices of an anthropomorphic phantom modeling the patient. The pregnant woman was seated in a chair with the breast over a table and inside a leaded box. Dose variation as a function of distance from the implant volume as well as dose homogeneity within a representative slice of the fetal position was evaluated without and with shielding.With shielding, the peripheral dose after a complete treatment ranged from 50 cGy at…
Reduced In Vivo Aortic Uptake of Radiolabeled Oxidation-Specific Antibodies Reflects Changes in Plaque Composition Consistent With Plaque Stabilizati…
2004
Objective— Labeled oxidation-specific antibodies (Ox-AB) detect, quantify, and noninvasively image lipid-rich atherosclerotic lesions. However, it is unknown whether Ox-AB detect plaque stabilization. Methods and Results— The aortic uptake of intravenously injected 125 I-MDA2 (Ox-AB to malondialdehyde [MDA]–low-density lipoprotein [LDL]) was quantitated in: (1) LDL receptor−/− mice with established atherosclerosis continued on Western diet (Progression) or switched to chow (Regression) or chow+vitamins E and C (Regression-VIT) for 6 months; and (2) Watanabe rabbits (3- to 57-months old) with naturally evolved atherosclerotic lesions. In mice, the Progression group had more extensive athero…
Opiate-induced dopamine release is modulated by severity of alcohol dependence: an [(18)F]fallypride positron emission tomography study.
2011
Background Preclinical data implicate the reinforcing effects of alcohol to be mediated by interaction between the opioid and dopamine systems of the brain. Specifically, alcohol-induced release of β-endorphins stimulates μ-opioid receptors (MORs), which is believed to cause dopamine release in the brain reward system. Individual differences in opioid or dopamine neurotransmission have been suggested to be responsible for enhanced liability to abuse alcohol. In the present study, a single dose of the MOR agonist remifentanil was administered in detoxified alcohol-dependent patients and healthy control subjects to mimic the β-endorphin-releasing properties of ethanol and to assess the effect…
Synthesis and evaluation of zirconium-89 labelled and long-lived GLP-1 receptor agonists for PET imaging
2020
Contains fulltext : 220838.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) INTRODUCTION: Lately, zirconium-89 has shown great promise as a radionuclide for PET applications of long circulating biomolecules. Here, the design and synthesis of protracted and long-lived GLP-1 receptor agonists conjugated to desferrioxamine and labelled with zirconium-89 is presented with the purpose of studying their in vivo distribution by PET imaging. The labelled conjugates were evaluated and compared to a non-labelled GLP-1 receptor agonist in both in vitro and in vivo assays to certify that the modification did not significantly alter the peptides' structure or function. Finally, the zirconium-89 labelled peptide…
Altered atypical coupling of γ-aminobutyrate type A receptor agonist and convulsant binding sites in subunit-deficient mouse lines
2001
We searched for subunit correlations for GABA(A) receptor-associated atypically GABA-insensitive [35S]TBPS binding. The homomeric beta3 subunit receptors could be excluded, as GABA-insensitive [35S]TBPS binding was present in beta3-/- mice. Localization of GABA-insensitive [35S]TBPS binding correlated best with those of delta, alpha4 and alpha6 subunit mRNAs. The amounts of GABA-insensitive [35S]TBPS binding components were increased in delta-/- mice, but dramatically reduced in alpha6-/- mice, suggesting a role for alpha6 but excluding delta subunits.