Search results for "radiologia"
showing 10 items of 140 documents
Computer-aided system for morphometric mandibular index computation (Using dental panoramic radiographs)
2012
Objective: We propose and validate a computer—aided system to measure three different mandibular indexes: cortical width, panoramic mandibular index and, mandibular alveolar bone resorption index. Study Design: Repeatability and reproducibility of the measurements are analyzed and compared to the manual estimation of the same indexes. Results: The proposed computerized system exhibits superior repeatability and reproducibility rates compared to standard manual methods. Moreover, the time required to perform the measurements using the proposed method is negligible compared to perform the measurements manually. Conclusions: We have proposed a very user friendly computerized method to measure …
Physics, Techniques and Review of Neuroradiological Applications of Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging (DKI)
2016
In recent years many papers about diagnostic applications of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) have been published. This is because DTI allows to evaluate in vivo and in a non-invasive way the process of diffusion of water molecules in biological tissues. However, the simplified description of the diffusion process assumed in DTI does not permit to completely map the complex underlying cellular components and structures, which hinder and restrict the diffusion of water molecules. These limitations can be partially overcome by means of diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI). The aim of this paper is the description of the theory of DKI, a new topic of growing interest in radiology. DKI is a higher or…
Hippocampal reversible lesions in a case of transient global amnesia
2018
We report the case of 55-year-old man that after an emotional stress showed retrograde and anterograde amnesia with impairment of orientation in space and time but undisturbed consciousness. A neurological examination excluded other neurological signs or symptoms. The amnesic syndrome resolved spontaneously within 24 hours and the hypothesis of transient global amnesia was placed. Brain CT scan and conventional MRI sequences did not show any relevant pathological findings but diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) showed two millimetric bright spot of restricted diffusion in the right hippocampus; in a brain MRI follow-up those findings were no more appreciable. The diagnosis of transient global …
EMANGIOPERICITOMA INTRACRANICO PRESENTAZIONE DI UN CASO E REVISIONE DELLA LETTERATURA
2013
SCOPO DEL LAVORO Presentiamo a un caso di emangiopericitoma (HPC) in un paziente emicranico (maschio, 49 enne) che giunge alla nostra attenzione per l’insorgenza di confusione mentale e emisindrome sentitivo-motoria destra. Saranno inoltre riportati alcuni cenni sulla classificazione internazionale di questo raro tumore mesenchimale riccamente vascolarizzato, non tralasciando le possibili diagnosi differenziali con altri più comuni espansi di pertinenza extra- assiale. MATERIALI E METODI Dopo una prima valutazione in PS il paziente è stato sottoposto a esame TC encefalo e trasferito nel reparto di neurochirurgia. Successivamente ad un esame RM encefalo con sequenze morfologiche convenzion…
TRANS-CRANIAL MRI-GUIDED FOCUSED ULTRASOUND SURGERY (TCMRGFUS): ITALIAN AND WORLD-FIRST EXPERIENCE AT 1.5 TESLA
2016
Introduction: Transcranial magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound surgery (tcMRgFUS) is a promising new technology for the noninvasive treatment of various brain disorders. Here, we present our preliminary results achieved with the first Italian installation of a transcranial MRI-guided focused ultrasound surgery (tcMRgFUS) certified system for functional neurosurgery. Technical issues faced to achieve a safe and effective treatment will be discussed focusing on MR high-resolution live imaging and thermometry sequences optimization. Materials and Methods: Patient enrollment was based on indication for functional neurosurgery and evidence of medication-refractory disease; a detailed me…
MALATTIA DI ERDHEIM–CHESTER: RARE LOCALIZZAZIONI SPLANCNO- ED INTRA-CRANICHE IN PAZIENTE CON STADIO AVANZATO DI MALATTIA
2015
SCOPO DEL LAVORO Presentiamo il caso di una donna di 63 anni con storia di pseudotumor orbitae e diagnosi tardiva di Malattia di Erdheim-Chester (MEC) con coinvolgimento multisistemico e rare localizzazioni a livello splancno- ed intracranico. MATERIALI E METODI La paziente, a causa della comparsa di astenia progressivamente ingravescente, vomito e disfagia per i solidi veniva condotta al PS dove eseguiva ECG ed esami ematochimici e veniva ricoverata con la diagnosi di disidratazione e squilibrio elettrolitico. L’esame obiettivo evidenziava pallore e disidratazione di cute e mucose, ipotrofia muscolare e proptosi bulbare bilaterale da pseudotumor orbitario infiammatorio cronico con evidenti…
Enzima convertidora frente a quimasa mastocitaria en la infiltración leucocitaria inducida por angiotensina-I : papel de fractalquina en la inflamaci…
2011
En la presente Tesis Doctoral se han abordado dos objetivos: el estudio de la contribución de la enzima convertidora (ECA) frente a la quimasa mastocitaria en la acumulación leucocitaria inducida por la síntesis endógena de Ang-II in vivo, y el estudio del papel de fractalquina (FRK) en la inflamación sistémica inducida por el extracto de humo de tabaco (EHT). La enzima convertidora de la angiotensina (ECA) es la principal enzima implicada en la formación de Ang-II a partir de Ang-I. Sin embargo, estudios realizados in vitro sugieren que la quimasa mastocitaria es más importante que la ECA en la síntesis de Ang-II en el sistema cardiovascular. Nosotros hemos demostrado que Ang-I induce inte…
A 2D-FEM Model of Nonlinear Ultrasound Propagation in Trans-cranial MRgFUS Technique
2022
Magnetic Resonance guided Focused Ultrasound (MRgFUS) is a non-invasive technique based on the thermal ablation of a target using high intensity focused ultrasound. MRgFUS treatment applied to brain is challenging due to the skull presence that attenuates ultrasound, leading to heating effects in bone region. In this study, we simulate trans-cranial nonlinear ultrasound propagation considering the detailed structure of bone tissue. We developed a 2D Finite Element (FE) model that mimics the propagation of focused ultrasound through skin, skull and brain tissue. The skull is represented as a three-layered system with two cortical tables packing a layer of trabecular bone. We assume that the …
Factores de riesgo cardiovascular y utilización de medicamentos en pacientes diabéticos tipo 2
2011
Objetivos: Describir los factores de riesgo cardiovascular (FRCV) en los pacientes diabéticos tipo 2 del departamento de salud de la Ribera, Comunidad Valenciana. Describir el uso de medicamentos utilizados para su tratamiento y analizar y evaluar la adecuación de este tratamiento a las recomendaciones de la Asociación Americana de Diabetes (ADA). Pacientes, método: Estudio observacional, descriptivo, transversal basado en la información recogida en las historias clínicas y mediante entrevista personal con los pacientes. Se seleccionó una muestra de 388 pacientes diabéticos tipo 2 y se recogieron datos relativos a sus FRCV, antecedentes de enfermedad cardiovascular (ECV), grado de control d…
Neurochemical correlates of brain atrophy in fibromyalgia syndrome: a magnetic resonance spectroscopy and cortical thickness study
2020
(1) Background: Recently, a series of clinical neuroimaging studies on fibromyalgia (FM) have shown a reduction in cortical volume and abnormally high glutamate (Glu) and glutamate + glutamine (Glx) levels in regions associated with pain modulation. However, it remains unclear whether the volumetric decreases and increased Glu levels in FM are related each other. We hypothesized that higher Glu levels are related to decreases in cortical thickness (CT) and volume in FM patients. (2) Methods: Twelve females with FM and 12 matched healthy controls participated in a session of combined 3.0 Tesla structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and single-voxel MR spectroscopy focused on the thalami…