Search results for "radiology"

Evaluation of treatment response to enzyme replacement therapy with Velaglucerase alfa in patients with Gaucher disease using whole-body magnetic res…

2015

Abstract Objective This was a retrospective data analysis to evaluate the treatment response to enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) with Velaglucerase alfa using whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Materials and methods A baseline and follow-up MRI were performed on 18 Gaucher Type 1 patients at an interval of 11.6 months. The MRI score systems determined the Bone-Marrow-Burden (BMB) score, the Dusseldorf-Gaucher score (DGS), and the Vertebra-Disc-Ratio (VDR). The Severity Score Index Type 1 (GD-DS3) was also assessed. Results The baseline MRI medians were: BMB, 7.00; DGS, 3.00; and VDR: 1.70; while, the follow-up MRI medians were: BMB, 7.00; DGS, 3.00; and VDR: 1.73. The baseline GD-…

The role of tumor-associated macrophages in gastric cancer development and their potential as a therapeutic target.

2020

Gastric cancer (GC) represents the fifth cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Molecular biology has become a central area of research in GC and there are currently at least three major classifications available to elucidate the mechanisms that drive GC oncogenesis. Further, tumor microenvironment seems to play a crucial role, and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are emerging as key players in GC development. TAMs are cells derived from circulating chemokine- receptor-type 2 (CCR2) inflammatory monocytes in blood and can be divided into two main types, M1 and M2 TAMs. M2 TAMs play an important role in tumor progression, promoting a pro-angiogenic and immunosuppressive signal in the tu…

Pathogenetic Mechanisms of Intratumoral Hemorrhage in Meningioma: The Role of Microvascular Differentiation

2016

The transformation of normal cells into neoplastic cells is based on a series of gradual and progressive processes . One of the most important aspects underlying the tumorigenesis ist hat neoplastic proliferation needs mechanisms to ensure cancer development, bypass the body's protective strategies, and survive the apoptotic mechanisms. Subsequently, measures to promote replicative immortality and vascular support will be required. If cancer develops in an area offering excellent vascularization, pre-existing vascular circuits can supporti ts growth .Otherwise,tumor angiogenetic mechanisms will trigger new vascular networks, which will be necessary for tumor survival and expansion. The latt…

Toll like receptor mediated immune stimulation can be visualized in vivo by [ 18 F]FDG-PET

2016

Abstract Introduction High uptake of [ 18 F]-2-fluorodeoxyglucose ([ 18 F]FDG) by inflammatory cells is a frequent cause of false positive results in [ 18 F]FDG-positron-emission tomography (PET) for cancer diagnostics. Similar to cancer cells, immune cells undergo significant increases in glucose utilization following activation, e.g., in infectious diseases or after vaccination during cancer therapy. The aim of this study was to quantify certain immune effects in vitro and in vivo by [ 18 F]FDG-PET after stimulation with TLR ligands and specific antibodies. Methods In vivo [ 18 F]FDG-PET/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and biodistribution was performed with C57BL/6 mice immunized with Cp…

The Barrett‐associated variants at GDF 7 and TBX 5 also increase esophageal adenocarcinoma risk

2016

Barrett's esophagus (BE) and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) represent two stages within the esophagitis-metaplasia-dysplasia-adenocarcinoma sequence. Previously genetic risk factors have been identified that confer risk to BE and EAC development. However, to which extent the genetic variants confer risk to different stages of the BE/EAC sequence remains mainly unknown. In this study we analyzed three most recently identified BE variants at the genes GDF7 (rs3072), TBX5 (rs2701108), and ALDH1A2 (rs3784262) separately in BE and EAC samples in order to determine their risk effects during BE/EAC sequence. Our data show that rs3072 at GDF7 and rs2701108 at TBX5 are also associated with EAC and …

Uptake of hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy in carriers of pathogenic mismatch repair variants:a Prospective Lynch Syndrome Database r…

2021

Purpose: This study aimed to report the uptake of hysterectomy and/or bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (BSO) to prevent gynaecological cancers (risk-reducing surgery [RRS]) in carriers of pathogenic MMR (path_MMR) variants.Methods: The Prospective Lynch Syndrome Database (PLSD) was used to investigate RRS by a cross-sectional study in 2292 female path_MMR carriers aged 30-69 years.Results: Overall, 144, 79, and 517 carriers underwent risk-reducing hysterectomy, BSO, or both combined, respectively. Two-thirds of procedures before 50 years of age were combined hysterectomy and BSO, and 81% of all procedures included BSO. Risk-reducing hysterectomy was performed before age 50 years in 28%, 25%,…

2021

Background Malignant melanoma is an immunogenic skin cancer with an increasing global incidence. Advanced stages of melanoma have poor prognoses. Currently, there are no reliable parameters to predict a patient's response to immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy. Methods This study highlights the relevance of a distinct immune signature in the blood for response to ICI therapy and overall survival (OS). Therefore, the immune cell composition in the peripheral blood of 45 melanoma patients prior to ICI therapy was analyzed by flow cytometry and complete blood count. Results Responders to ICI therapy displayed an abundance of proliferating CD4+ T cells, an increased lymphocyte-to-monocyte…

Exosomes in semen: opportunities as a new tool in prostate cancer diagnosis

2017

Abstract: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common cancer in men. Nowadays, it is diagnosed through the test of serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and rectal examination; however, there is still debate about the PSA-based diagnosis. Seminal fluid (SF), contains a high concentration of subcellular lipid-bound microparticles, traditionally termed "prostasomes", that are extracellular vesicles (EVs) released into the extracellular space by prostate gland's epithelial cells. These vesicles, first described in 1982 promote motility of sperm cells, regulation of sperm cell capacitation, acrosome reaction and immune suppression within the female reproductive tract. It was demonstrated that pros…

Impact des facteurs nutritionnels pendant et après cancer

2021

Nutritional factors (diet, weight, alcohol, physical activity) are identified as factors having an impact on the onset of several cancer sites. Less abundant scientific data also underline their impact on the tumor progression. A review of the scientific literature was carried out by a group of experts established by the French National Cancer Institute (INCa) to better document the influence of nutritional factors during and after cancer on outcomes such as overall mortality, cancer specific mortality, recurrence, second primary cancers and quality of life. This analysis of the literature completes messages of reduction of alcohol consumption, prevention of undernutrition or excess weight …

Attachement et parcours de l’aidant face à l’épreuve du cancer

2020

Resume Introduction Depuis le dernier plan cancer 2014–2019, l’evaluation des repercussions de la maladie chez les aidants est devenue essentielle. En effet, la qualite de la relation d’aide participe a la qualite de vie du malade. Dans ce contexte, l’objectif principal de cette etude etait de decrire l’evolution de l’attachement de l’aidant de patients ayant un cancer pendant les trois premieres annees d’accompagnement de la maladie. Methode Les aidants ont ete recrutes dans le cadre de l’etude ICE (Informal Carers of Elderly) et accompagnaient un proche, âge de plus de 60 ans, atteint d’un cancer colorectal, du sein ou de la prostate. Ils ont ete rencontres a domicile dans les trois mois …