Search results for "radiopharmaceuticals"

showing 10 items of 140 documents

Novel heterobimetallic radiotheranostic: preparation, activity, and biodistribution.

2014

A novel Ru(II) (arene) theranostic complex is presented. It is based on a 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid macrocycle bearing a triarylphosphine and can be tracked in vivo by using the γ emission of (153) Sm atoms. Notably, the heteroditopic ligand can be selectively metalated with ruthenium at the phosphorus atom despite the presence of other functionalities that are prone to metal coordination. Subsequent labeling with radionuclides such as (153) Sm can then be performed easily. The resulting heterobimetallic complex exhibits favorable solubility and stability properties in biologically relevant media. It also shows in vitro cytotoxicity in line with that expected …

BiodistributionStereochemistryCell SurvivalPhosphinesIn vitro cytotoxicitychemistry.chemical_elementBiochemistryRutheniumMetalHeterocyclic Compounds 1-RingMiceIn vivoCoordination ComplexesCell Line TumorDrug DiscoveryAnimalsHumansTissue DistributionGeneral Pharmacology Toxicology and PharmaceuticsSolubilityPharmacologyChemistryLigandOrganic ChemistryWaterRutheniumvisual_artPhosphorus atomIsotope Labelingvisual_art.visual_art_mediumMolecular MedicineRadiopharmaceuticalsChemMedChem
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Validation of (68)Ge/(68)Ga generator processing by chemical purification for routine clinical application of (68)Ga-DOTATOC.

2008

Abstract Introduction Imaging of somatostatin receptor expressing tumours has been greatly enhanced by the use of 68 Ga-DOTATOC and PET/CT. Methods In this work, a purification method for the 68 Ge/ 68 Ga generator eluate and a method to produce 68 Ga-DOTATOC suitable for clinical use were evaluated. The generator eluate was purified and concentrated on a cation-exchange cartridge in HCl/acetone media. The efficacy of this procedure in eliminating metal impurities from the 68 Ga solution was investigated by ICP-MS. The radiotracer quality was evaluated by radio-TLC, GC and γ-ray spectrometry. Results 68 Ga-DOTATOC preparations ( n =33) were carried out with a mean synthesis yield of 59.3±2.…

Cancer ResearchGenerator (computer programming)ChromatographyElutionIon chromatographyGallium RadioisotopesMass spectrometryOctreotide68ga dotatocchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryYield (chemistry)Isotope LabelingPositron-Emission TomographyAcetoneOrganometallic CompoundsMolecular MedicineRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingPurification methodsClinical MedicineRadiopharmaceuticalsNuclear medicine and biology
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Desferrioxamine as an appropriate chelator for 90Nb: Comparison of its complexation properties for M-Df-Octreotide (M=Nb, Fe, Ga, Zr)

2014

The niobium-90 radioisotope ((90)Nb) holds considerable promise for use in immuno-PET, due to its decay parameters (t½ = 14.6h, positron yield=53%, Eß(+)(mean) = 0.35 MeV and Eß(+)(max) = 1.5 MeV). In particular, (90)Nb appears well suited to detect in vivo the pharmacokinetics of large targeting vectors (50-150 kDa). In order to be useful for immuno-PET chelators are required to both stabilize the radionuclide in terms of coordination chemistry and to facilitate the covalent attachment to the targeting vector. Different chelators were evaluated for this purpose in terms of radiolabelling efficiency and stability of the radiolabelled Nb(V) complex and in order to determine the most suitable…

Cancer ResearchStereochemistryNiobiumMetal ions in aqueous solutionKineticsOctreotideRadiation DosageCoordination complexTransmetalationDrug StabilityMaterials TestingMoleculeRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingChelationChelating AgentsIonsRadioisotopeschemistry.chemical_classificationChemistryMetalsCovalent bondIsotope LabelingMolecular MedicineRadiopharmaceuticalsNuclear chemistryConjugateNuclear Medicine and Biology
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Synthesis and PET studies of [11C-cyano]letrozole (Femara®), an aromatase inhibitor drug

2009

Abstract Introduction Aromatase, a member of the cytochrome P 450 family, converts androgens such as androstenedione and testosterone into estrone and estradiol, respectively. Letrozole (1-[bis-(4-cyanophenyl)methyl]-1 H -1,2,4-triazole; Femara) is a high-affinity aromatase inhibitor ( K i =11.5 nM) that has Food and Drug Administration approval for breast cancer treatment. Here we report the synthesis of carbon-11-labeled letrozole and its assessment as a radiotracer for brain aromatase in the baboon. Methods Letrozole and its precursor (4-[(4-bromophenyl)-1 H -1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl]benzonitrile) were prepared in a two-step synthesis from 4-cyanobenzyl bromide and 4-bromobenzyl bromide,…

Cancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.drug_classEstronePharmacologyArticlechemistry.chemical_compoundAromatasePharmacokineticsInternal medicineNitrilesmedicineAnimalsRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingAndrostenedioneCarbon RadioisotopesAromataseTestosteroneAromatase inhibitorbiologyChemistryAromatase InhibitorsLetrozoleBrainTriazolesEndocrinologyFree fractionIsotope LabelingPositron-Emission TomographyLetrozolebiology.proteinMolecular MedicineFemaleRadiopharmaceuticalsmedicine.drugPapio
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Hunting for the high-affinity state of G-protein-coupled receptors with agonist tracers: Theoretical and practical considerations for positron emissi…

2019

Abstract The concept of the high‐affinity state postulates that a certain subset of G‐protein‐coupled receptors is primarily responsible for receptor signaling in the living brain. Assessing the abundance of this subset is thus potentially highly relevant for studies concerning the responses of neurotransmission to pharmacological or physiological stimuli and the dysregulation of neurotransmission in neurological or psychiatric disorders. The high‐affinity state is preferentially recognized by agonists in vitro. For this reason, agonist tracers have been developed as tools for the noninvasive imaging of the high‐affinity state with positron emission tomography (PET). This review provides an…

Central Nervous SystemBETA-ADRENERGIC-RECEPTORpositron emission tomographyagonist high-affinity stateD-2/3 AGONISTG-protein-coupled receptorsReview ArticleReceptors G-Protein-Coupledchemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineDrug DiscoveryReceptorNeurotransmitterReview Articles0303 health sciencesmedicine.diagnostic_testNONHUMAN PRIMATE BRAINEndocytosisTEST-RETEST REPRODUCIBILITYPositron emission tomographyG‐protein‐coupled receptors030220 oncology & carcinogenesisENDOGENOUS OPIOID RELEASEMolecular MedicineIN-VIVO BINDINGSignal TransductionAgonistNoninvasive imagingexperimental designmedicine.drug_classNeurotransmissionRAT-BRAINneurotransmittersagonist high‐affinity state03 medical and health sciencesIn vivomedicineAnimalsHumanshuman brain030304 developmental biologyG protein-coupled receptorPharmacologyDOPAMINE D2(HIGH) RECEPTORS5-HT1A RECEPTORSchemistryPositron-Emission TomographyPET RADIOLIGANDRadiopharmaceuticalsNeuroscienceMedicinal research reviews
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Spectroscopic, radiochemical, and theoretical studies of the Ga3+-N-2-hydroxyethyl piperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid (HEPES buffer) system: evidenc…

2013

Recent reports have claimed a superior performance of HEPES buffer in comparison to alternative buffer systems for 67/68 Ga labeling in aqueous media. In this paper we report spectroscopic (1H and 71 Ga NMR), radiochemical, mass spectrometry and theoretical modeling studies on the Ga3+/HEPES system (HEPES = N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N′-2-ethanesulfonic acid) performed with the aim of elucidating a potential contribution of HEPES in the 68/67 Ga radiolabeling process. Our results demonstrate that HEPES acts as a weakly but competitive chelator of Ga3+ and that this interaction depends on the relative Ga3+: HEPES concentration. A by-product formed in the labeling mixture has been identified …

Contrast MediaGallium Radioisotopes010402 general chemistryMass spectrometry01 natural sciencesHepes bufferchemistry.chemical_compoundRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingChelationComputer SimulationHEPESChromatographyAqueous medium010405 organic chemistrySpectrum AnalysisMagnetic Resonance Imaging0104 chemical sciences3. Good healthPiperazinechemistryModels ChemicalDrug DesignIsotope LabelingProton NMREthanesulfonic acidRadiopharmaceuticalsHEPESNuclear chemistryContrast mediamolecular imaging
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Gallium-68 and scandium-44 labelled radiotracers based on curcumin structure linked to bifunctional chelators: Synthesis and characterization of pote…

2019

Abstract Curcumin metal complexes showed widespread applications in medicine and can be exploited as a lead structure for developing new tracers for nuclear medicine application. Herein, the synthesis, chemical characterization and radiolabelling with gallium-68 and scandium-44 of two new targeting vectors based on curcumin scaffolds and linked to the chelators 1,4,7-triazacyclononane,1-glutaric acid-4,7-acetic acid (NODAGA) and 1,4-bis(carboxymethyl)-6-[bis(carboxymethyl)]amino-6-methylperhydro-1,4-diazepine (AAZTA) are reported. Synthesis of the precursors could be achieved with a 13% and 11% yield and radiolabelling generally afforded rapid incorporation under mild conditions (>95%). Sta…

CurcuminRadionuclide imagingGallium RadioisotopesPyrazole010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesBiochemistryInorganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundMoietyAnimalsHumansTissue DistributionRadioactive TracersBifunctionalDerivatizationPET radiopharmaceuticalsChelating AgentsRadioisotopes010405 organic chemistryGallium-68Combinatorial chemistryIn vitro0104 chemical scienceschemistryYield (chemistry)Positron-Emission TomographyLipophilicityNuclear medicineCurcuminCurcumin; Gallium-68; Nuclear medicine; PET radiopharmaceuticals; Radionuclide imaging; Scandium-44RadiopharmaceuticalsScandium-44Scandium
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Hybrid Chelator-Based PSMA Radiopharmaceuticals: Translational Approach

2021

(1) Background: Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) has been extensively studied in the last decade. It became a promising biological target in the diagnosis and therapy of PSMA-expressing cancer diseases. Although there are several radiolabeled PSMA inhibitors available, the search for new compounds with improved pharmacokinetic properties and simplified synthesis is still ongoing. In this study, we developed PSMA ligands with two different hybrid chelators and a modified linker. Both compounds have displayed a promising pharmacokinetic profile. (2) Methods: DATA5m.SA.KuE and AAZTA5.SA.KuE were synthesized. DATA5m.SA.KuE was labeled with gallium-68 and radiochemical yields of various…

Diagnostic ImagingGlutamate Carboxypeptidase IIBiodistributionmedia_common.quotation_subjectPharmaceutical ScienceOrganic chemistryChemistry Techniques Syntheticurologic and male genital diseasesArticleAnalytical ChemistryTranslational Research BiomedicalMicechemistry.chemical_compoundhybrid chelatorNude mouseQD241-441In vivoNeoplasmsDrug DiscoveryLNCaPAnimalsHumansChelationradionuclide diagnosis and therapyPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryInternalizationChelating Agentsmedia_commonMolecular StructurebiologyChemistryRadiochemistrybiology.organism_classificationDisease Models AnimalKineticsChemistry (miscellaneous)Isotope LabelingAntigens SurfaceHeterograftsMolecular MedicineRadiopharmaceuticalsAmmonium acetateEx vivoprostate specific membrane antigen PSMAProtein BindingMolecules
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[ 18 F]Fluoroethylflumazenil: a novel tracer for PET imaging of human benzodiazepine receptors

2001

5-(2'-[18F]Fluoroethyl)flumazenil ([18F]FEF) is a fluorine-18 labelled positron emission tomography (PET) tracer for central benzodiazepine receptors. Compared with the established [11C]flumazenil, it has the advantage of the longer half-life of the fluorine-18 label. After optimisation of its synthesis and determination of its in vitro receptor affinities, we performed first PET studies in humans. PET studies in seven healthy human volunteers were performed on a Siemens ECAT EXACT whole-body scanner after injection of 100-280 MBq [L8F]FEF. In two subjects, a second PET scan was conducted after pretreatment with unlabelled flumazenil (1 mg or 2.5 mg i.v., 3 min before tracer injection). A t…

FlumazenilMalemedicine.drug_classNuclear magnetic resonancemedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingReceptorTemporal cortexBenzodiazepineChemistrybusiness.industryGABAA receptorBrainHalf-lifeBinding potentialGeneral MedicineHuman brainReceptors GABA-Amedicine.anatomical_structureFlumazenilRadiopharmaceuticalsNuclear medicinebusinessTomography Emission-Computedmedicine.drugEuropean Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
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Evaluation of P-glycoprotein (abcb1a/b) modulation of [18F]fallypride in MicroPET imaging studies

2012

[(18)F]Fallypride ([(18)F]FP) is an important and routinely used D2/D3 antagonist for quantitative imaging of dopaminergic neurotransmission in vivo. Recently it was shown that the brain uptake of the structurally related [(11)C]raclopride is modulated by P-glycoprotein (P-gp), an important efflux transporter at the blood-brain barrier. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the brain uptake of [(18)F]FP is influenced by P-gp. For examination of this possible modulation microPET studies were performed in a rat and a mouse model. Hence, [(18)F]FP was applied to Sprague Dawley rats, half of them being treated with the P-gp inhibitor cyclosporine A (CsA). In a second experimental s…

Fluorine RadioisotopesATP Binding Cassette Transporter Subfamily BStandardized uptake valueStriatumPharmacologyRats Sprague-DawleyMiceCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceCerebellummedicineAnimalsEnzyme InhibitorsReceptorP-glycoproteinMice KnockoutPharmacologyRaclopridebiologyChemistryWild typeAntagonistBrainCorpus StriatumFallypridePositron-Emission TomographyBenzamidesCyclosporinebiology.proteinRadiopharmaceuticalsmedicine.drugNeuropharmacology
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