Search results for "rats"

Effects of magnesium chloride on the contractile response of uterus to several agonists in Ca-free solution

1987

Abstract The effects of MgCl2 on the oestrogen-dominated rat uterus have been examined. Tissues were preincubated in a Ca2+- and Mg2+-free medium containing 3 mM EDTA. Most experiments were subsequently performed in a similar medium containing either no EDTA or EDTA (1 mM). When MgCl2 was added cumulatively (1–32 mM) no contractile responses were obtained in Ca,Mg-free medium or in Ca,Mg-free high K+ solution. When 2 mM CaCl2 as added, a sustained contraction was obtained. Subsequent addition of cumulative concentrations of MgCl2 caused concentration-dependent relaxation. Oxytocin, 2 μM, produced a small and sustained contraction in a Ca,Mg-free medium. Addition of MgCl2, 2 mM, increased th…

Ecologia de comunitats d´invertebrats aquàtics de la Península Ibèrica, amb especial rellevància als Ostracoda

2015

L’ecologia dels invertebrats d’aigües continentals pot abordar-se mitjançant distints enfocaments. En aquesta tesi, que presenta dos parts diferenciades, incidim inicialment en el paper que juga la interrelació de comunitats planctòniques i bentòniques amb el medi, que en comunitats somes (com moltes de les estudiades) es troben habitualment mesclades a la columna d’aigua. En un primer treball es va estudiar com varien estacionalment les comunitats d’invertebrats aquàtics de dos llacunes de muntanya properes (4,5 km) amb climatologia similar però distint hidroperiode (Llacuna de Bezas, semi-permanent i Llacuna de Rubiales, una bassa temporal, ambdues a Terol). A Bezas s’observà un canvi en …

Suomalaista ratsastusslangia

1997

Rats with elevated genetic risk for metabolic syndrome exhibit cognitive deficiencies when young

2021

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a known risk factor for cognitive decline. Using polygenic rat models selectively bred for high and low intrinsic exercise capacity and simultaneously modelling as low and high innate risk factor for MetS respectively, we have previously shown that adult animals with lower exercise capacity/higher MetS risk perform poorly in tasks requiring flexible cognition. However, it is not known whether these deficits in cognition are present already at young age. Also, it is unclear whether the high risk genome is related also to lower-level cognition, such as sensory gating measured as prepulse inhibition. In this study, young and adult (5-8 weeks and ∼9 months) rats sel…

Rats bred for low intrinsic aerobic exercise capacity link obesity with brain inflammation and reduced structural plasticity of the hippocampus.

2021

Abstract BACKGROUND Increasing evidence shows obesity and poor metabolic health are associated with cognitive deficits, but the mechanistic connections have yet to be resolved. We studied rats selectively bred for low and high intrinsic aerobic capacity in order to test the association between low physical fitness, a genetic predisposition for obesity, and brain health. We hypothesized that low-capacity runner (LCR) rats with concurrently greater levels of adiposity would have increased hippocampal inflammation and reduced plasticity compared to the more physically fit high-capacity runner (HCR) rats. METHODS We examined markers for inflammation and brain plasticity in the hippocampi of LCR…

Efficacy of three drugs for protecting against gentamicin-induced hair cell and hearing losses

2012

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSEExposure to an ototoxic level of an aminoglycoside can result in hearing loss. In this we study investigated the otoprotective efficacy of dexamethasone (DXM), melatonin (MLT) and tacrolimus (TCR) in gentamicin (GM)-treated animals and cultures.EXPERIMENTAL APPROACHWistar rats were divided into controls (treated with saline); exposed to GM only (GM); and three GM-exposed groups treated with either DXM, MLT or TCR. Auditory function and cochlear surface preparations were studied. In vitro studies of oxidative stress, pro-inflammatory cytokine mRNA levels, the MAPK pathway and caspase-3 activation were performed in organ of Corti explants from 3-day-old rats.KEY RESULTSD…

Mismatch negativity (MMN) in freely-moving rats with several experimental controls.

2014

Mismatch negativity (MMN) is a scalp-recorded electrical potential that occurs in humans in response to an auditory stimulus that defies previously established patterns of regularity. MMN amplitude is reduced in people with schizophrenia. In this study, we aimed to develop a robust and replicable rat model of MMN, as a platform for a more thorough understanding of the neurobiology underlying MMN. One of the major concerns for animal models of MMN is whether the rodent brain is capable of producing a human-like MMN, which is not a consequence of neural adaptation to repetitive stimuli. We therefore tested several methods that have been used to control for adaptation and differential exogenou…

language and law in international business law

2009

The relationship between language and law is clearly apparent in international organizations. More specifically, international commercial relations show a field of analysis still remains wide clearing. The choice of language is very widely, in international trade, depending on the wish of the parties. The question of free choice is central to the study of the relationship between language and law. But the choice of language is often done without consideration of legal risks, particularly the consequences as regards the implementation and interpretation of the contract. The language issue is generally treated only as incidental, accidental, although it is necessary to comply with a certain n…

Miguel Calatayud: aproximació a l'obra infantil il·lustrada

2015

Aquesta investigació proposa endinsar-se en un context delimitat com és la il·lustració infantil valenciana i, més concretament, en l'anàlisi de les obres infantils il·lustrades de l'artista gràfic Miguel Calatayud amb el propòsit de posar en valor creacions amb unes qualitats com les que presenten la resta de disciplines artístiques.

Development of Rat DC by in Vitro Culture of Bone Marrow Cells

1995

Dendritic cells (DC) represent a subpopulation of leukocytes of bone marrow (BM) origin, involved in crucial immunological reactions. DC play a fundamental role in the primary immune response by stimulating quiescent T cells. In this study we describe an in vitro culture system to raise DC from unfractionated bone marrow (BM) cells of LEWIS rats in the presence of low doses of mouse recombinant GM-CSF, that was successfully used in previous work to culture mouse DC1,2,3.