Search results for "rectal cancer"

Nutrition and lipidomic profile in colorectal cancers

2018

Background: Adherence to a healthy diet has been reported to be essential for the primary prevention of colorectal cancer, through a reduction of tissue inflammation, a low concentration of circulating lipoproteins and lower levels of serum cholesterol. Since an altered expression of the fatty acids pattern has been demonstrated to be a crucial event in colorectal carcinogenesis, lipidomic analysis is considered able to identify early diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of complex diseases such as colorectal cancer. Methods: cell membrane fatty acid profile and serum lipoproteins pattern were evaluated by gas chromatography and electrophoresis method respectively. Results: There is a close…

An Update on the Role of Anti-EGFR in the Treatment of Older Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer

2022

Although colorectal cancer is increasingly being diagnosed in older patients, their number is largely underrepresented in phase II or III clinical trials. Consequently, guidelines and the SIOG recommendations are not sufficiently clear regarding the treatment of these patients, particularly when chemotherapy is combined with monoclonal antibodies (bevacizumab, cetuximab, and panitumumab). Targeted therapy based on the use of anti-epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFRs) is conditioned by the potential for increased toxicity, making it more difficult to treat an older, rat sarcoma virus (RAS) and B rapidly accelerated fibrosarcoma (BRAF) wild-type patient. In light of a more detailed charac…

Heterogeneity within and between primary colorectal carcinomas and matched metastases as revealed by analysis of Ki-ras and p53 mutations

2004

Analysis of the genetic status of Ki-ras and p53 in primary colorectal carcinomas and matched colorectal liver metastasis from 30 patients reveals an overall heterogeneity both within and between the two tumoral tissues. Both genes were found mutated with a similar frequency in both tissues; however, identical mutations in primary tumor and matched metastasis were found less frequently in the case of the Ki-ras than the p53 gene. Only in three cases the same p53 and Ki-ras mutations found in the primary tumor were found also in the metastasis. In several metastatic specimens the DNA bearing a mutation detected also in the primary tumor appears significantly less abundant than the wild-type …

Structured reporting of rectal cancer staging and restaging: A consensus proposal

2021

Background: Structured reporting (SR) in oncologic imaging is becoming necessary and has recently been recognized by major scientific societies. The aim of this study was to build MRI-based structured reports for rectal cancer (RC) staging and restaging in order to provide clinicians all critical tumor information. Materials and Methods: A panel of radiologist experts in abdominal imaging, called the members of the Italian Society of Medical and Interventional Radiology, was established. The modified Delphi process was used to build the SR and to assess the level of agreement in all sections. The Cronbach’s alpha (Cα) correlation coefficient was used to assess the internal consistency of ea…

Could a Behavioral Model Explain Adherence to Second-Level Colonoscopy for Colon Cancer Screening? Results of a Cross-Sectional Study of the Palermo …

2022

According to Italian Essential Levels of Assistance (ELA), a colonoscopy is strongly recommended after a positive fecal occult blood test (FOBT) due to its effectiveness in early colorectal cancer detection. Despite the evidence, the Palermo province population (Italy), after a positive FOBT, have a lower colonoscopy adherence compared to Italian standards. This cross-sectional study analyzed patients’ perceptions of colonoscopy procedures to understand the reasons for non-adherence. Patients with a positive FOBT who did not undergo a colonoscopy within the national organized screening program were administered a telephone interview based on the Health Belief Model (HBM) questionnaire. The …

Effects of ectopic expression of NGAL on doxorubicin sensitivity.

2012

Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL, a.k.a Lnc2) is a member of the lipocalin family which has diverse roles including stabilizing matrix metalloproteinase-9 from auto-degradation and as siderocalins which are important in the transport of iron. NGAL also has important biological functions involved in immunity and inflammation as well as responses to kidney damage. NGAL expression has also been associated with certain neoplasia and is important in the metastasis of breast cancer. Many advanced cancer patients have elevated levels of NGAL in their urine and it has been proposed that NGAL may be a prognostic indicator for certain cancers (e.g. breast, brain, and others). NGAL exp…

Tumor-derived exosomes as factors that promote metastatic niche formation: evaluation of the effects induced by colon cancer derived exosomes on func…

2023

Urīnizvadceļu agrīno komplikāciju raksturojums pacientiem pēc taisnās zarnas vēža rezekcijas

2018

Mūsdienu klīniskajā medicīnā taisnās zarnas vēzis ir viena no nopietnām problēmām. Taisnās zarnas vēža ārstēšana balstās, galvenokārt, uz ķirurģiskās operācijas, kas, neskatoties uz visu mūsdienas medicīnas attīstību, var novest pie vairākām komplikācijām. Starp visiem pēcoperācijas traucējumiem vienu no vietām aizņem urīna izvadceļu komplikācijas. Zinātniskajos avotos ir aprakstīts, ka pētāmā problēma ir sastopamā 5-88% gadījumos, vīdēji 27% gadījumos, kas ir ļoti būtiski. Minētā tēma ir pētīta no pagājušā gadsimta, bet neskatoties uz lielu un aktīvo zinātnisko interesi, arī šodien pastāv dažādi un dažreiz pretrunīgi viedokļi un atšķirīgi dati par faktoriem, kas ietekmē pēcoperācijas urīna…