Search results for "rection"

showing 10 items of 965 documents

Motor strategies and adiabatic invariants: The case of rhythmic motion in parabolic flights

2021

The role of gravity in human motor control is at the same time obvious and difficult to isolate. It can be assessed by performing experiments in variable gravity. We propose that adiabatic invariant theory may be used to reveal nearly-conserved quantities in human voluntary rhythmic motion, an individual being seen as a complex time-dependent dynamical system with bounded motion in phase-space. We study an explicit realization of our proposal: An experiment in which we asked participants to perform $\infty-$ shaped motion of their right arm during a parabolic flight, either at self-selected pace or at a metronome's given pace. Gravity varied between $0$ and $1.8$ $g$ during a parabola. We c…

PhysicsMathematical analysisParabolaClassical Physics (physics.class-ph)FOS: Physical sciencesMotion (geometry)Physics - Classical PhysicsConserved quantitySpace Physics (physics.space-ph)Separable spacePhysics - Space PhysicsAdiabatic invariantVertical directionAdiabatic processRealization (systems)Physical Review E
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Enhancing coherence in molecular spin qubits via atomic clock transitions

2016

Quantum computing is an emerging area within the information sciences revolving around the concept of quantum bits (qubits). A major obstacle is the extreme fragility of these qubits due to interactions with their environment that destroy their quantumness. This phenomenon, known as decoherence, is of fundamental interest1,2. There are many competing candidates for qubits, including superconducting circuits3, quantum optical cavities4, ultracold atoms5 and spin qubits6,7,8, and each has its strengths and weaknesses. When dealing with spin qubits, the strongest source of decoherence is the magnetic dipolar interaction9. To minimize it, spins are typically diluted in a diamagnetic matrix. For…

PhysicsMultidisciplinaryCondensed matter physicsCluster stateUNESCO::QUÍMICASpin engineeringQuantum Physics02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciences:QUÍMICA [UNESCO]0104 chemical sciencesQuantum error correctionQuantum mechanicsQuantum informationW state0210 nano-technologySuperconducting quantum computingQuantum dissipationQuantum computer
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Publisher Correction: Stabilizing spin spirals and isolated skyrmions at low magnetic field exploiting vanishing magnetic anisotropy

2018

Skyrmions are topologically protected non-collinear magnetic structures. Their stability is ideally suited to carry information in, e.g., racetrack memories. The success of such a memory critically depends on the ability to stabilize and manipulate skyrmions at low magnetic fields. The non-collinear Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction originating from spin-orbit coupling drives skyrmion formation. It competes with Heisenberg exchange and magnetic anisotropy favoring collinear states. Isolated skyrmions in ultra-thin films so far required magnetic fields as high as several Tesla. Here, we show that isolated skyrmions in a monolayer of Co/Ru(0001) can be stabilized down to vanishing fields. Eve…

PhysicsMultidisciplinaryCondensed matter physicsSciencePhysicsSkyrmionQGeneral Physics and Astronomy02 engineering and technologyGeneral Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesPublisher CorrectionGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyMagnetic anisotropyLow magnetic field0103 physical sciencesComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSINGlcsh:Qddc:530lcsh:Science010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyGeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.dictionariesencyclopediasglossaries)Spin-½Nature Communications
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A digital approach for real time high-rate high-resolution radiation measurements

2014

Abstract Modern spectrometers are currently developed by using digital pulse processing (DPP) systems, showing several advantages over traditional analog electronics. The aim of this work is to present digital strategies, in a time domain, for the development of real time high-rate high-resolution spectrometers. We propose a digital method, based on the single delay line (SDL) shaping technique, able to perform multi-parameter analysis with high performance even at high photon counting rates. A robust pulse shape and height analysis (PSHA), applied on single isolated time windows of the detector output waveforms, is presented. The potentialities of the proposed strategy are highlighted thro…

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsAnalogue electronicsSpectrometerDetectorSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentalePhoton countingSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)Semiconductor detectorPulse (physics)Digital pulse processing Pulse height analysis Pulse shape analysis Real time processing Dead time correction Energy resolved photon countingElectronic engineeringWaveformTime domainInstrumentation
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Hydrodynamic simulation of elliptic flow

1999

We use a hydrodynamic model to study the space-time evolution transverse to the beam direction in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions with nonzero impact parameters. We focus on the influence of early pressure on the development of radial and elliptic flow. We show that at high energies elliptic flow is generated only during the initial stages of the expansion while radial flow continues to grow until freeze-out. Quantitative comparisons with SPS data from semiperipheral Pb+Pb collisions suggest the applicability of hydrodynamical concepts already $\approx$ 1 fm/c after impact.

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsNuclear TheoryElliptic flowFOS: Physical sciencesMechanicsNuclear Theory (nucl-th)Transverse planeNuclear Physics - TheoryBeam directionRadial flowDevelopment (differential geometry)Focus (optics)Nuclear Experiment
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Precision measurement of the mass of the tau lepton

2014

An energy scan near the $\tau$ pair production threshold has been performed using the BESIII detector. About $24$ pb$^{-1}$ of data, distributed over four scan points, was collected. This analysis is based on $\tau$ pair decays to $ee$, $e\mu$, $eh$, $\mu\mu$, $\mu h$, $hh$, $e\rho$, $\mu\rho$ and $\pi\rho$ final states, where $h$ denotes a charged $\pi$ or $K$. The mass of the $\tau$ lepton is measured from a maximum likelihood fit to the $\tau$ pair production cross section data to be $m_{\tau} = (1776.91\pm0.12 ^{+0.10}_{-0.13}$) MeV/$c^2$, which is currently the most precise value in a single measurement.

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsAnnihilation010308 nuclear & particles physicshep-exElectron–positron annihilationMaximum likelihoodSingle measurementDetectorBESIII01 natural sciencesDECAYSHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentNuclear physicsENERGYPair production0103 physical sciencesRADIATIVE-CORRECTIONSHigh Energy Physics::Experiment010306 general physicsANNIHILATIONDETECTORSYSTEMLepton
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Precision thrust cumulant moments atN3LL

2012

We consider cumulant moments (cumulants) of the thrust distribution using predictions of the full spectrum for thrust including O(alpha_s^3) fixed order results, resummation of singular N^3LL logarithmic contributions, and a class of leading power corrections in a renormalon-free scheme. From a global fit to the first thrust moment we extract the strong coupling and the leading power correction matrix element Omega_1. We obtain alpha_s(m_Z) = 0.1141 \pm (0.0004)_exp \pm (0.0014)_hadr \pm (0.0007)_pert, where the 1-sigma uncertainties are experimental, from hadronization (related to Omega_1) and perturbative, respectively, and Omega_1 = 0.372 \pm (0.044)_exp \pm (0.039)_pert GeV. The n-th th…

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsNuclear Theory010308 nuclear & particles physicsElectron–positron annihilationFOS: Physical sciencesOrder (ring theory)01 natural sciencesOmegaHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentNuclear Theory (nucl-th)CombinatoricsHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)Power correctionHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)0103 physical sciencesStrong couplingHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentMatrix element010306 general physicsNuclear theoryPhysical Review D
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The radiative return at small angles: virtual corrections

2002

Virtual corrections for electron--positron annihilation into one real and one off-shell photon of invariant mass Q^2 are evaluated. Special attention is paid to those configurations where the real photon is collinear with the beam direction. This calculation is an important ingredient of a Monte Carlo program, which simulates events with tagged photons from initial-state radiation, including NLO corrections.

PhysicsParticle physicsAnnihilationPhotonPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Monte Carlo methodFísicaFOS: Physical sciencesRadiationComputational physicsHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Radiative transferBeam directionInvariant massEngineering (miscellaneous)Particle Physics - Phenomenology
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A Theoretical Prediction of the Bs-Meson Lifetime Difference

2000

We present the results of a quenched lattice calculation of the operator matrix elements relevant for predicting the Bs width difference. Our main result is (\Delta\Gamma_Bs/\Gamma_Bs)= (4.7 +/- 1.5 +/- 1.6) 10^(-2), obtained from the ratio of matrix elements, R(m_b)=/=-0.93(3)^(+0.00)_(-0.01). R(m_b) was evaluated from the two relevant B-parameters, B_S^{MSbar}(m_b)=0.86(2)^(+0.02)_(-0.03) and B_Bs^{MSbar}(m_b) = 0.91(3)^(+0.00)_(-0.06), which we computed in our simulation.

PhysicsParticle physicsNONPERTURBATIVE RENORMALIZATIONPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)MesonHigh Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)Analytical chemistryFOS: Physical sciencesPartícules (Física nuclear)Settore FIS/02 - Fisica Teorica Modelli e Metodi MatematiciHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyOperator matrixMATRIX-ELEMENTSHigh Energy Physics - LatticeHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Lattice (order)Engineering (miscellaneous)QCD CORRECTIONSTO-LEADING ORDER
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A minimal model for ${\rm SU}(N)$ vector dark matter

2015

We study an extension of the Standard Model featuring a hidden sector that consists of a new scalar charged under a new SU$(N)_D$ gauge group, singlet under all Standard Model gauge interactions, and coupled with the Standard Model only via a Higgs portal. We assume that the theory is classically conformal, with electroweak symmetry breaking dynamically induced via the Coleman-Weinberg mechanism operating in the hidden sector. Due to the symmetry breaking pattern, the SU$(N)_D$ gauge group is completely Higgsed and the resulting massive vectors of the hidden sector constitute a stable dark matter candidate. We perform a thorough scan over the parameter space of the model at different values…

PhysicsParticle physicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsHiggs Physicsta114010308 nuclear & particles physicsElectroweak interactionDark matterHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyFOS: Physical sciencesHiggs physics01 natural sciences114 Physical sciencesStandard ModelMinimal modelHidden sectorHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Gauge group0103 physical sciencesBeyond Standard ModelHiggs bosonRADIATIVE-CORRECTIONSSymmetry breaking010306 general physics
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