Search results for "regulation"

showing 10 items of 4463 documents

Misguided Effort with Elusive Implications

2016

Good self-control has been linked to adaptive outcomes such as better health, cohesive personal relationships, success in the workplace and at school, and less susceptibility to crime and addictions. In contrast, self-control failure is linked to maladaptive outcomes. Understanding the mechanisms by which self-control predicts behavior may assist in promoting better regulation and outcomes. A popular approach to understanding self-control is the strength or resource depletion model. Self-control is conceptualized as a limited resource that becomes depleted after a period of exertion resulting in self-control failure. The model has typically been tested using a sequential-task experimental p…

Research designenergy modelSocial psychology (sociology)Ego depletionreanalysis[SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology050109 social psychologystrength modelNEURAL BASESTask (project management)Developmental psychologyddc:150Task Performance and AnalysisPsychologyregistered replication reportLIMITED-RESOURCEApplied PsychologyComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSGeneral Psychologystrength model; energy model; resource depletion; self-regulation; meta-analysismedia_commonCognitive scienceGeneral Commentary10093 Institute of Psychology05 social sciencessocial psychology3200 General PsychologySelf-control16. Peace & justiceResource depletionResearch DesignMeta-analysisFMRI[SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/PsychologyPsychologySocial psychologymetaanalysisAdultself-regulationmedia_common.quotation_subject050105 experimental psychology[SHS.PSY] Humanities and Social Sciences/PsychologyYoung AdultMeta-Analysis as TopicHumansPersonality0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesresource depletionMETAANALYSISPsykologi (exklusive tillämpad psykologi)self controlReproducibility of ResultsTillämpad psykologiReplication (computing)Confidence intervalSELF-CONTROLPsychology (excluding Applied Psychology)meta-analysisREPLICABILITYTASK150 Psychologyego depletionFrontiers in psychology
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Mboat7 down-regulation by hyper-insulinemia induces fat accumulation in hepatocytes.

2020

Background: Naturally occurring variation in Membrane-bound O-acyltransferase domain-containing 7 (MBOAT7), encoding for an enzyme involved in phosphatidylinositol acyl-chain remodelling, has been associated with fatty liver and hepatic disorders. Here, we examined the relationship between hepatic Mboat7 down-regulation and fat accumulation. Methods: Hepatic MBOAT7 expression was surveyed in 119 obese individuals and in experimental models. MBOAT7 was acutely silenced by antisense oligonucleotides in C57Bl/6 mice, and by CRISPR/Cas9 in HepG2 hepatocytes. Findings: In obese individuals, hepatic MBOAT7 mRNA decreased from normal liver to steatohepatitis, independently of diabetes, inflammatio…

Research paperTGFβ Transforming Growth Factor BetaIntracellular SpaceCRISPR Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic RepeatshHEPS Human HepatocytesMice0302 clinical medicineLPIAT1DAG Diacylglyceroli.p. Intraperitonealmedia_commonFatty AcidsGeneral Medicine3. Good health030220 oncology & carcinogenesisHOMA-IR homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin ResistanceMPO morpholinolcsh:Medicine (General)medicine.medical_specialtyPE Phosphatidyl-EthanolamineNashGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology03 medical and health sciencesTNFα tumor Necrosis Factor AlphaLDL Low Density LipoproteinsHyperinsulinismNAFLDSD Standard Dietmedia_common.cataloged_instanceHumansCPT1 Carnitine Palmitoyltransferase IPhosphatidylinositolGene SilencingEuropean unionVLDL Very Low Density Lipoproteinlcsh:RhHSC Human Hepatic Stellate Cellsmedicine.diseaseLipid MetabolismOA Oleic AcidCI Confidence IntervalMboat7 Membrane bound O-acyltransferase domain containing 7MCD methionine choline deficient diet030104 developmental biologyEndocrinologychemistryCDP Cytidine-DiphosphateFOXO1 Forkhead Box protein O1NAFLD nonalcoholic fatty liver diseaseSteatohepatitisBMI Body Mass IndexCL CardiolipinAcyltransferases0301 basic medicineAlcoholic liver diseaseCXCL10 C-X-C Motif Chemokine 10lcsh:Medicinechemistry.chemical_compoundNon-alcoholic Fatty Liver DiseaseIFG Impaired Fasting GlucoseAPOB Apolipoprotein BNonalcoholic fatty liver diseasePIP Phosphatidyl-Inositol-PhosphateSteatohepatitisqRT-PCR quantitative Real Time Polymerase Chain ReactionMice Knockoutlcsh:R5-920ORO Oil Red O StainingPI PhosphatidylinositolFatty liverTM6SF2 Transmembrane 6 Superfamily Member 2PhospholipidTAG TriglyceridesNASH Nonalcoholic SteatohepatitisLipogenesisLPA Lyso-Phosphatidic AcidPhosphatidylinositolSignal TransductionPS Phosphatidyl-SerinePA Palmitic AcidALD alcoholic liver diseasePC Phosphatidylcholinei.v. IntravenousFATP1 Fatty Acid Transport Protein 1Models BiologicalInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsNonalcoholic fatty liver diseasePPARα Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor alphaObesityG3P Glyceraldehyde-3-PhosphateSREBP1c Sterol Regulatory Element-Binding Protein 1HDL High Density Lipoproteinsbusiness.industryPI3K Phosphatidylinositol 3 KinaseMembrane ProteinsNHEJ Non-Homologues End JoiningPNPLA3 Patatin-like Phospholipase Domain-containing-3MTTP Microsomal Triglyceride Transfer ProteinLPIAT1 Lysophosphatidylinositol Acyltransferase 1TMC4 Transmembrane Channel-Like 4Disease Models AnimalGene Expression RegulationHepatocytesFOXA2 Forkhead Box A2mTOR mammalian target of RapamycinSteatosisInsulin ResistancebusinessPG Phosphatidyl-GlycerolFABP1 Fatty Acid-Binding Protein 1 FAS Fatty Acid SynthaseT2DM Type 2 Diabetes MellitusEBioMedicine
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The four murine peroxisomal ABC-transporter genes differ in constitutive, inducible and developmental expression.

1999

Four ATP-binding cassette (ABC) half-transporters have been identified in mammalian peroxisomes: adrenoleukodystrophy protein (ALDP), adrenoleukodystrophy-related protein (ALDRP), 70-kDa peroxisomal membrane protein (PMP70) and PMP70-related protein (P70R). Inherited defects in ALDP cause the neurodegenerative disorder X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD). By comparative Northern blot analyses we found each of the four murine peroxisomal ABC transporter mRNA species at maximum abundance only in a few tissues, which differed for each family member. The four genes were also regulated differentially during mouse brain development: ALDP mRNA was most abundant in embryonic brain and gradually d…

Response elementMolecular Sequence DataATP-binding cassette transporterMice Inbred StrainsBiologyATP Binding Cassette Transporter Subfamily DBiochemistryATP Binding Cassette Transporter Subfamily D Member 1MiceFenofibrateGene expressionmedicinePeroxisomesAnimalsNorthern blotATP Binding Cassette Transporter Subfamily B Member 1RNA MessengerPromoter Regions GeneticGeneHypolipidemic AgentsMice KnockoutMessenger RNABrainGene Expression Regulation DevelopmentalMembrane ProteinsProteinsBiological Transportmedicine.diseaseMolecular biologyNuclear receptorLiverAdrenoleukodystrophyATP-Binding Cassette TransportersEuropean journal of biochemistry
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A new vicious cycle involving glutamate excitotoxicity, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dynamics

2011

Glutamate excitotoxicity leads to fragmented mitochondria in neurodegenerative diseases, mediated by nitric oxide and S-nitrosylation of dynamin-related protein 1, a mitochondrial outer membrane fission protein. Optic atrophy gene 1 (OPA1) is an inner membrane protein important for mitochondrial fusion. Autosomal dominant optic atrophy (ADOA), caused by mutations in OPA1, is a neurodegenerative disease affecting mainly retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). Here, we showed that OPA1 deficiency in an ADOA model influences N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor expression, which is involved in glutamate excitotoxicity and oxidative stress. Opa1enu/+mice show a slow progressive loss of RGCs, activation …

Retinal Ganglion CellsCancer ResearchReceptor expressionExcitotoxicityApoptosisNeurodegenerativeMitochondrionEyemedicine.disease_causeGTP PhosphohydrolasesMice0302 clinical medicineReceptorsoxidative stressPhosphorylationbcl-2-Associated X Protein0303 health sciencesbiologyGlutamate receptorMitochondriaUp-RegulationCell biologymitochondrial fusionAutosomal DominantOriginal Articlebcl-Associated Death ProteinMitochondrial fissionN-Methyl-D-AspartateBiotechnologymitochondrial fragmentationOncology and CarcinogenesisImmunologybcl-X ProteinSOD2Glutamic AcidReceptors N-Methyl-D-AspartateNMDA receptorsCell Line03 medical and health sciencesCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceBcl-2-associated X proteinOptic Atrophy Autosomal DominantmedicineAnimalsEye Disease and Disorders of Vision030304 developmental biologySuperoxide DismutaseNeurosciencesCell BiologyMolecular biologyeye diseasesOxidative StressOptic AtrophyMutationbiology.proteinOPA1 mutationBiochemistry and Cell Biologysense organsglutamate excitotoxicity030217 neurology & neurosurgeryCell Death & Disease
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Connecting temporal identity to mitosis: the regulation of Hunchback in Drosophila neuroblast lineages.

2006

Both in vertebrates and invertebrates, neural stem cells generate different cell types at different times during development. It has been suggested that this process depends on temporal identity transitions of neural progenitors, but the underlying mechanism has not been resolved, yet. Recently, Drosophila neuroblasts (NBs) have been shown to be an excellent model system to investigate this subject. Here, changes in temporal identity are regulated by sequential and transient expression of transcription factors in the NB, such as Hunchback (Hb) and Kruppel (Kr). The temporal expression profile is maintained in the progeny. Hb is expressed first and thus defines the earliest identity in a giv…

Retinal Ganglion CellsCell typeReceptors SteroidKruppel-Like Transcription FactorsDown-RegulationMitosisNerve Tissue ProteinsBiologyCell fate determinationKrüppelNeuroblastAnimalsDrosophila ProteinsNuclear export signalMolecular BiologyMitosisTranscription factorGeneticsNeuronsModels GeneticNuclear ProteinsCell DifferentiationCell BiologyNeural stem cellDNA-Binding ProteinsProtein BiosynthesisDrosophilaDevelopmental BiologyTranscription FactorsCell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.)
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p27Kip1participates in the regulation of endoreplication in differentiating chick retinal ganglion cells

2015

Nuclear DNA duplication in the absence of cell division (i.e. endoreplication) leads to somatic polyploidy in eukaryotic cells. In contrast to some invertebrate neurons, whose nuclei may contain up to 200,000-fold the normal haploid DNA amount (C), polyploid neurons in higher vertebrates show only 4C DNA content. To explore the mechanism that prevents extra rounds of DNA synthesis in these latter cells we focused on the chick retina, where a population of tetraploid retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) has been described. We show that differentiating chick RGCs that express the neurotrophic receptors p75 and TrkB while lacking retinoblastoma protein, a feature of tetraploid RGCs, also express p27K…

Retinal Ganglion CellsretinaEndocycleCell divisionCellular differentiationChick EmbryoRetinoblastoma ProteinendoreduplicationMicevertebrateRNA Small InterferingpolyploidyMice KnockoutRGCeducation.field_of_studyCell DifferentiationEndoreduplicationCell cycleImmunohistochemistryNuclear DNAendocycleneurogenesiscell cycleRNA InterferenceCyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27NeurogenesisPopulationDown-RegulationCell cycleBiologyRetinal ganglionRetinaPolyploidyReportAnimalsReceptor trkBEndoreduplicationeducationMolecular BiologyPloidiesDNA synthesisVertebrateCyclin-Dependent Kinase 4Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 6Cell BiologyMinichromosome Maintenance Complex Component 7Molecular biologyeye diseasessense organsChickensDevelopmental BiologyCell Cycle
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Weak D and partial D: our experience in daily activity

2011

Rh-Hr Blood-Group SystemBlood Grouping and CrossmatchingGene Expression RegulationGenotyping TechniquesHumansLettersBlood weak D partial DErythrocyte TransfusionPolymerase Chain ReactionAlleles
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Influence of arbuscular mycorrhizal colonisation on cadmium induced Medicago truncatula root isoflavonoid accumulation.

2012

Cadmium is a serious environmental pollution threats to the planet. Its accumulation in plants affects many cellular functions, resulting in growth and development inhibition, whose mechanisms are not fully understood. However, some fungi forming arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis with the majority of plant species have the capacity to buffer the deleterious effect of this heavy metal. In the present work we investigated the capacity of Rhizophagus irregularis (syn. Glomus irregularis) to alleviate cadmium stress in Medicago truncatula. In spite of a reduction in all mycorrhizal parameters, plants colonized for 21 days by R. irregularis and treated by 2 mg kg(-1) cadmium displayed less growth…

Rhizophagus irregularisCoumestrolPterocarpansPhysiology[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]chemistry.chemical_elementmycorrhizaDown-RegulationEnvironmental pollutionPlant SciencePlant Rootschemistry.chemical_compoundSoilIsoflavonoidGlucosidesGene Expression Regulation PlantMycorrhizaeBotanyMedicago truncatulaGeneticsMedicarpinBiomassMycorrhizaheavy metalsGlomeromycotaSymbiosisGlomusPlant ProteinsCadmiumbiologyfungifood and beveragesbiology.organism_classificationisoflavonoidsIsoflavonesMedicago truncatulaAlcohol Oxidoreductaseschemistry[SDE]Environmental Sciencesleguminous plantsPlant ShootsCadmiumPlant physiology and biochemistry : PPB
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Centenarians maintain miRNA biogenesis pathway while it is impaired in octogenarians.

2016

Centenarians but not octogenarians up regulate the expression of miRNAs, as we previously reported. We have looked into miRNA biogenesis. We show that RNA POL II, DROSHA, EXPORTIN 5 and DICER, are up-regulated in centenarians compared with octogenarians. Furthermore, factors involved in the control of these miRNAs biogenesis genes are also up-regulated in centenarians. Therefore, the up-regulation of miRNA expression in centenarians can be explained in part because miRNA biogenesis pathway is depressed in octogenarians (ordinary aging) while it is maintained in centenarians (extraordinary aging).

Ribonuclease III0301 basic medicineAgingmedia_common.quotation_subjectRNA polymerase IIKaryopherinsBioinformaticsDEAD-box RNA Helicases03 medical and health sciencesmicroRNAHumansGeneDroshamedia_commonAged 80 and overGeneticsbiologyAge FactorsLongevityUp-RegulationMicroRNAs030104 developmental biologybiology.proteinRNA Polymerase IITranscriptomeMiRNA biogenesisBiogenesisDevelopmental BiologyDicer
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Chromatin-associated RNA interference components contribute to transcriptional regulation in Drosophila

2009

RNA interference (RNAi) pathways have evolved as important modulators of gene expression that operate in the cytoplasm by degrading RNA target molecules through the activity of short (21-30 nucleotide) RNAs1-6. RNAi components have been reported to have a role in the nucleus, as they are involved in epigenetic regulation and heterochromatin formation(7-10). However, although RNAi-mediated post-transcriptional gene silencing is well documented, the mechanisms of RNAi-mediated transcriptional gene silencing and, in particular, the role of RNAi components in chromatin dynamics, especially in animal multicellular organisms, are elusive. Here we show that the key RNAi components Dicer 2 (DCR2) a…

Ribonuclease IIIanimal structuresRNA-induced transcriptional silencingTranscription GeneticRNA-induced silencing complexBiology03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineRNA interferenceTranscriptional regulationAnimalsDrosophila ProteinsHSP70 Heat-Shock ProteinsPromoter Regions Genetic030304 developmental biologyRNA Double-StrandedGenetics0303 health sciencesMultidisciplinaryfungiRNARNA-Binding ProteinsChromatinChromatinRNA silencingMicroRNAsDrosophila melanogasterGene Expression RegulationArgonaute ProteinsRNA InterferenceRNA Polymerase II030217 neurology & neurosurgeryDrosophila ProteinHeat-Shock ResponseRNA HelicasesProtein BindingTranscription Factors
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