Search results for "reparations"

showing 10 items of 367 documents

The antifibrotic potential of a sustained release formulation of a PDGF beta-receptor targeted rho kinase inhibitor

2019

Rho kinase activity in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) is associated with activation, transformation and contraction of these cells, leading to extracellular matrix production and portal hypertension in liver cirrhosis. Inhibition of rho kinase activity can reduce these activities, but may also lead to side effects, for instance systemic hypotension. This can be circumvented by liver-specific delivery of a rho kinase inhibitor to effector cells. Therefore, we targeted the rho kinase inhibitor Y27632 to the key pathogenic cells in liver fibrosis, i.e. myofibroblasts including activated HSCs that highly express the PDGF beta-receptor, using the drug carrier pPB-MSA. This carrier consists of mou…

Liver CirrhosisDrug targetingPyridinesPolymeric microspheresPharmaceutical Science02 engineering and technologyPharmacologychemistry.chemical_compoundY-27632FibrosisControlled releaseRho-associated protein kinaseMice Knockout0303 health sciencesDrug Carriersrho-Associated KinasesChemistryCIRRHOTIC RATS021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyMicrospheresY-27632Drug deliveryFemale0210 nano-technologyDrug carrierATP Binding Cassette Transporter Subfamily BSIGNALING CONTRIBUTESLiver fibrosisBiologicalsHEPATIC STELLATE CELLSCell LineMECHANISMSReceptor Platelet-Derived Growth Factor beta03 medical and health sciencesDELIVERYROCK INHIBITORmedicineAnimalsHumansProtein Kinase Inhibitors030304 developmental biologyProtein deliveryPORTAL PRESSUREmedicine.diseaseAmidesTargeted drug deliveryRho kinase inhibitorDelayed-Action PreparationsHepatic stellate cellVASODILATIONJournal of Controlled Release
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Prescription rates of common medications in patients with decompensated cirrhosis in Germany

2021

Adequate pharmacological treatment is of pivotal importance to improve prognosis in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis. We studied the adherence to recommended pharmacological treatments as secondary prevention in cirrhotic patients following a first decompensation in German primary care.Using the Disease Analyzer Database, the current study sample included patients with liver cirrhosis who had an initial diagnosis of a first decompensation event between 2015 and 2018 (index date) and a follow-up time of at least 6 months after the index date. Pharmacological treatments following the 6 months after the index date were studied.The study included 1538 patients with a first decompensa…

Liver Cirrhosismedicine.medical_specialtyCirrhosisEsophageal and Gastric Variceschemistry.chemical_compoundSpontaneous bacterial peritonitisInternal medicineAscitesmedicineHumansDecompensationMedical prescriptionHepatic encephalopathybusiness.industryGastroenterologyAscitesHepatologymedicine.diseaseRifaximinPrescriptionsPharmaceutical PreparationschemistryHepatic Encephalopathymedicine.symptomGastrointestinal HemorrhagebusinessZeitschrift für Gastroenterologie
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Real-world effectiveness of long acting aripiprazole: Treatment persistence and its correlates in the Italian clinical practice

2019

Abstract Objectives To identify the variables that are associated with persistence to Aripiprazole-Long Acting (A-LAI), in adult patients with schizophrenia. Methods Observational, retrospective, non-interventional study involving 261 patients with schizophrenia. Results Eighty-six percent of study subjects were persistent for at least 6 months. All subjects with baseline CGI-S of 1 or 2, 95% of subjects with CGI-S of 3, 86% with CGI-S of 4, 82% of subjects with CGI-S of 5, 73% of subjects with CGI of 6 and 90% of subjects with CGI of 7 were persistent. A-LAI treatment continuation rate was higher in patients with: 1) baseline CGI score ≤ 4; 2) schizophrenia dimension (LDPS) mania score ≤ 5…

Long actingMaleAdherence; Aripiprazole; Long acting; Maintena; Persistence; Personalized; Psychiatry and Mental Health; Biological PsychiatryAdherence; Aripiprazole; Long acting; Maintena; Persistence; Personalized; Adult; Antipsychotic Agents; Aripiprazole; Delayed-Action Preparations; Female; Humans; Italy; Male; Medication Adherence; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies; Schizophrenia; Treatment OutcomePersonalizedAripiprazole0302 clinical medicineRetrospective StudieDelayed-Action PreparationMaintenaMiddle AgedhumanitiesClinical PracticeTreatment OutcomeItalySchizophreniaPsychiatry and Mental HealthAripiprazoleFemaleBiological psychiatrymedicine.symptomManiaHumanmedicine.drugAntipsychotic AgentsAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyMedication AdherencePersistence03 medical and health scienceshealth services administrationInternal medicinemental disordersmedicineTreatment persistenceHumansBiological PsychiatryRetrospective Studiesbusiness.industryRetrospective cohort studymedicine.diseaseAdherence; Aripiprazole; Long acting; Maintena; Persistence; Personalized;030227 psychiatryAntipsychotic AgentLong actingAdherenceDelayed-Action PreparationsSchizophreniabusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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Off-label long acting injectable antipsychotics in real-world clinical practice: a cross-sectional analysis of prescriptive patterns from the STAR Ne…

2022

Introduction: Information on the off–label use of Long–Acting Injectable (LAI) antipsychotics in the real world is lacking. In this study, we aimed to identify the sociodemographic and clinical features of patients treated with on– vs off–label LAIs and predictors of off–label First– or Second–Generation Antipsychotic (FGA vs. SGA) LAI choice in everyday clinical practice. Method: In a naturalistic national cohort of 449 patients who initiated LAI treatment in the STAR Network Depot Study, two groups were identified based on off– or on–label prescriptions. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to test several clinically relevant variables and identify those associated with th…

Long-acting injectable antipsychoticCross-Sectional StudiesOff-labelPersonality disorderBipolar disorderDelayed-Action PreparationsSchizophreniaHumansBipolar disorder; Long-acting injectable antipsychotics; Off-label; Personality disorder; Schizophrenia; Cross-Sectional Studies; Delayed-Action Preparations; Humans; Off-Label Use; Antipsychotic Agents; SchizophreniaOff-Label UseSettore MED/25 - PsichiatriaLong-acting injectable antipsychoticsAntipsychotic Agents
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Iron‐Catalyzed Cross‐Couplings in the Synthesis of Pharmaceuticals: In Pursuit of Sustainability

2018

The scarcity of precious metals has led to the development of sustainable strategies for metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions. The establishment of new catalytic methods using iron is attractive owing to the low cost, abundance, ready availability, and very low toxicity of iron. In the last few years, sustainable methods for iron-catalyzed cross-couplings have entered the critical area of pharmaceutical research. Most notably, iron is one of the very few metals that have been successfully field-tested as highly effective base-metal catalysts in practical, kilogram-scale industrial cross-couplings. In this Minireview, we critically discuss the strategic benefits of using iron catalysts a…

Low toxicityGrignard reagents010405 organic chemistrymedia_common.quotation_subjectIron catalyzedIronGreen Chemistry TechnologyGeneral ChemistryChemistry Techniques Synthetic010402 general chemistrysustainability01 natural sciencesCatalysis0104 chemical sciencesCatalysisScarcityPharmaceutical PreparationsEnvironmental protectionSustainabilitycross-couplingEnvironmental sciencebase-metal catalysisiron catalysismedia_commonAngewandte Chemie-International Edition
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Photoinduced chemiluminescence of pharmaceuticals

2005

Abstract A screening test for the forward development of chemiluminescence systems able to determine pharmaceutical compounds is reported. The test is based on the on-line photodegradation of the drugs by using a photoreactor consisting of 697 cm × 0.5 mm PTFE tubing helically coiled around an 8 W low-pressure mercury lamp. Photodegraded pharmaceuticals are detected by direct chemiluminescence of the resulting photofragments and their subsequent reaction with potassium permanganate in sulphuric acid medium as oxidant. The screening comprised 97 compounds with different molecular structures and relevant members of the most important families of pharmaceuticals are tested (amino acids, carbox…

LuminescenceLightScreening testPhotochemistryClinical BiochemistryPharmaceutical Sciencebeta-LactamsAnalytical Chemistrylaw.inventionStructure-Activity Relationshipchemistry.chemical_compoundAlkaloidsOxidants PhotochemicalPotassium PermanganatePhenothiazineslawDrug DiscoverymedicineOrganic chemistryEphedrinePhotodegradationSpectroscopyChemiluminescencechemistry.chemical_classificationBicyclic moleculePhotodissociationHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationAmino acidPotassium permanganatePharmaceutical Preparationschemistrymedicine.drugJournal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis
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Biodegradable Protein Nanocontainers

2015

The application of synthetic polymers for drug delivery often requires tremendous efforts to ensure biocompatibility and -degradation. To use the body's own substances can help to overcome these problems. Herein, we present the first synthesis of nanocontainers entirely composed of albumin proteins. These protein nanocontainers (PNCs) were loaded with hydrophilic compounds and release of the payload is triggered through natural lysis in vitro in human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDCs). No aggregation of PNCs in human blood plasma was observed, indicating stability for blood circulation. As the PNCs were readily taken up by moDCs, they are considered as a promising delivery platform f…

LysisPolymers and PlasticsBiocompatibilityHuman bloodProtein StabilityChemistryAlbuminBioengineeringNanotechnologyDendritic CellsBiomaterialsNanocapsulesAlbuminsDelayed-Action PreparationsBlood circulationProteolysisDrug deliveryMaterials ChemistryHumansHydrophobic and Hydrophilic InteractionsCells CulturedFluorescent DyesBiomacromolecules
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Effects of different cellulose derivatives on drug release mechanism studied at a preformulation stage

2003

As a matter of fact, in vitro dissolution is well known to be the method of choice for the pharmaceutical industry to develop effective medicines. However, many experiments must be performed all along a new product life and they represent an overcharge of work for researchers. The purpose of this paper was to assess the relevance of new parameters obtained during preformulation stage by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) experiments to better understand drug release mechanism. This study was carried out with three cellulose derivatives currently used as carrier matrices (Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), Hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC) and Ethyl cellulose (EC)). Granules and tablets were…

Magnetic Resonance SpectroscopyChemistry PharmaceuticalPharmaceutical ScienceMethylcelluloseDosage formExcipientschemistry.chemical_compoundHypromellose DerivativesTheophyllineEthyl celluloseOrganic chemistrySolubilityCelluloseCelluloseDrug CarriersNuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopyHypromellose DerivativesMicrocrystalline cellulosePharmaceutical PreparationsSolubilitychemistryChemical engineeringMicroscopy Electron ScanningPowdersDrug carrierAlgorithmsTabletsJournal of Controlled Release
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Design, synthesis and stimuli responsive gelation of novel stigmasterol-amino acid conjugates.

2020

Abstract An efficient synthesis of three novel stigmasterol-amino acid (glycine, l -leucine and l -phenylalanine) conjugates as stimuli responsive gelators is reported. The gelation properties of the prepared compounds were investigated in a variety of organic as well as aqueous solvents. The most striking finding of our investigation was that the hydrochloride salts of the prepared conjugates acted as gelators, whereas the neutral conjugates were either non-gelators or formed only a weak gel in anisole. The hydrochloride salts of stigmasteryl glycinate and l -leucinate form gels in n-alcohols (n = 4–10) and in ethane-1,2-diol, and that of stigmasteryl l -phenylalaninate forms gels in aroma…

Magnetic Resonance SpectroscopyHydrochloridePhenylalanineGlycineStigmasterolPhenylalaninePhase TransitionBiomaterialschemistry.chemical_compoundColloid and Surface ChemistryLeucineSpectroscopy Fourier Transform InfraredOrganic chemistrychemistry.chemical_classificationBiological ProductsAqueous solutionChemistryWaterHydrogen BondingHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationAnisoleSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsAmino acidDelayed-Action PreparationsGlycineSelf-healing hydrogelsMicroscopy Electron ScanningSolventsHydrochloric AcidLeucineGelsJournal of colloid and interface science
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Use of QSAR methods for predicting the chemiluminescent behaviour of organic compounds upon reaction with potassium permanganate in an acid medium

2009

In previous work, molecular connectivity computations were successfully used to predict the chemiluminescent behaviour of organic compounds upon reaction with common strong oxidants and the native fluorescence too; both of them in a liquid phase. The obtained results were used to develop new analytical procedures to the given compounds. For the first time, connectivity methods were used for a purely analytical purpose. In this work, we went deeper into the knowledge of direct chemiluminescence processes by using molecular connectivity in the form of QSAR methods to predict the chemiluminescence intensity produced by reactions between organic compounds (pharmaceuticals mainly) and potassium …

Mahalanobis distanceQuantitative structure–activity relationshipWork (thermodynamics)LuminescenceAnalytical chemistryFluorescence spectrometryQuantitative Structure-Activity RelationshipReproducibility of ResultsHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationLinear discriminant analysisAnalytical Chemistrylaw.inventionPotassium permanganatechemistry.chemical_compoundPharmaceutical PreparationsPotassium PermanganatechemistrylawComputational chemistryAnalytical proceduresOrganic ChemicalsOxidation-ReductionChemiluminescenceTalanta
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