Search results for "resistenssi"

Lisääntymissysteemin vaikutus metsäkurjenpolven (Geranium sylvaticum) patogeeniresistenssiin

2016

Lisääntymissysteemiltään gynodieekkisissa kasvipopulaatioissa on tavallisesti sukupuoleltaan kahdenlaisia yksilöitä, puhtaasti emikukkaisia kasveja sekä kaksineuvoisia kukkia tuottavia kasveja. Nämä eri sukupuolet eroavat toisistaan geneettisten, morfologisten ja fysiologisten piirteiden suhteen. Lisääntymissysteemi vaikuttaa myös yksilöiden resurssiallokointitapaan sekä siihen miten ja missä suhteessa gynodieekkisten populaatioiden yksilöt osallistuvat geenien siirtämiseen jälkeläisilleen. Emikasvit osallistuvat jälkeläistuotantoon siemenaiheita tuottamalla ja kaksineuvoiset kasvit siemenaiheita sekä siitepölyä tuottamalla. Edellä mainitut sukupuolisidonnaisten erojen vaikutukset voivat he…

Microencapsulation of Salmonella-Specific Bacteriophage Felix O1 Using Spray-Drying in a pH-Responsive Formulation and Direct Compression Tableting o…

2019

The treatment of enteric bacterial infections using oral bacteriophage therapy can be challenging since the harsh acidic stomach environment renders phages inactive during transit through the gastrointestinal tract. Solid oral dosage forms allowing site-specific gastrointestinal delivery of high doses of phages, e.g., using a pH or enzymatic trigger, would be a game changer for the nascent industry trying to demonstrate the efficacy of phages, including engineered phages for gut microbiome modulation in expensive clinical trials. Spray-drying is a scalable, low-cost process for producing pharmaceutical agents in dry powder form. Encapsulation of a model Salmonella-specific phage (Myoviridae…

Rasvamaksaa vastaan rasittavalla liikunnalla

2022

The effects of physical activity and diet change on intracellular lipids and metabolism in mice with diet-induced obesity

2014

Comparison of acute and chronic exercise effects in the lipid droplets topography skeletal muscle, following high and low-fat diet in mice

2015

In the modern world, diet patterns high on lipids, sedentary lifestyle and obesity contribute all in the development of metabolic syndrome, which in turn can lead to type 2 diabetes. All the excess fats, that the majority of the population consumes nowadays, are stored as ectopic fat, particularly in the skeletal muscle, a tissue beyond doubt insulin-sensitive. Physical activity has been proposed according to various studies to be the most drastic factor, which can induce changes in skeletal muscle lipid metabolism,as well as different diet models. We hypothesized that different exercise patterns and diet-changes can alter the spatial arrangement in lipid droplets (LDs) in different skeleta…

Associations of Genetic Susceptibility to Alzheimer’s Disease with Adiposity and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors among Children in a 2-Year Follow-up St…

2018

We investigated the associations of genetic risk score (GRS) for Alzheimer’s disease and apolipoprotein E (APOE) ɛ variant with cardiometabolic risk factors during 2-year follow-up in children and whether body fat percentage (BF%) modify these associations. A population-based sample of 469 children (246 boys, 223 girls) at baseline and 398 children (201 boys, 197 girls) at 2-year follow-up participated in the study. Genotyping was performed using the Illumina Custom Infinium CardioMetabo BeadChip and the Illumina Infinium HumanCoreExome BeadChip. The GRS was calculated using information on nine independent gene variants available in our genomic data. We assessed BF%, waist circumference, in…

Genomic evolution of bacterial populations under co-selection by antibiotics and phage

2017

Bacteria live in dynamic systems where selection pressures can alter rapidly, forcing adaptation to the prevailing conditions. In particular, bacteriophages and antibiotics of anthropogenic origin are major bacterial stressors in many environments. We previously observed that populations of the bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens SBW25 exposed to the lytic bacteriophage SBW25Φ2 and a noninhibitive concentration of the antibiotic streptomycin (coselection) achieved higher levels of phage resistance compared to populations exposed to the phage alone. In addition, the phage became extinct under coselection while remaining present in the phage alone environment. Further, phenotypic tests indicate…

Fight evolution with evolution: plasmid‐dependent phages with a wide host range prevent the spread of antibiotic resistance

2013

The emergence of pathogenic bacteria resistant to multiple antibiotics is a serious worldwide public health concern. Whenever antibiotics are applied, the genes encoding for antibiotic resistance are selected for within bacterial populations. This has led to the prevalence of conjugative plasmids that carry resistance genes and can transfer themselves between diverse bacterial groups. In this study, we investigated whether it is feasible to attempt to prevent the spread of antibiotic resistances with a lytic bacteriophage, which can replicate in a wide range of gram‐negative bacteria harbouring conjugative drug resistance–conferring plasmids. The counter‐selection against the plasmid was sh…

Exploring phage-bacterium interactions : new ways to combat a fish pathogen

2014

Plasmid Viability Depends on the Ecological Setting of Hosts within a Multiplasmid Community

2022

Plasmids are extrachromosomal genetic elements, some of which disperse horizontally between different strains and species of bacteria. They are a major factor in the dissemination of virulence factors and antibiotic resistance. Understanding the ecology of plasmids has a notable anthropocentric value, and therefore, the interactions between bacterial hosts and individual plasmids have been studied in detail. However, bacterial systems often carry multiple genetically distinct plasmids, but dynamics within these multiplasmid communities have remained unstudied. Here, we set to investigate the survival of 11 mobilizable or conjugative plasmids under five different conditions where the hosts h…