Search results for "respiratory muscle"
showing 10 items of 46 documents
[Respiratory muscle aids during an episode of aspiration in a patient with Duchenne muscular dystrophy].
2005
We report the case of a Duchenne muscular dystrophy patient with good bulbar function but severely decreased forced vital capacity (9%) and spontaneous peak cough flow (PCF) (2.35 L/s). The patient needed continuous noninvasive ventilation (NIV) consisting of a volumetric ventilator with a nighttime nasal mask and a daytime mouthpiece. He also required application of manually assisted coughing techniques by insufflation with a resuscitation bag and chest thrust (manually assisted PCF after maximum insufflation capacity of 4.33 L/s). An episode of serious food aspiration was resolved by his main caregiver through NIV and manually assisted coughing. Bronchoscopy under sedation using NIV with …
The Effect of Intranasal Corticosteroids on Asthma Control and Quality of Life in Allergic Rhinitis with Mild Asthma
2011
BACKGROUND: The mechanisms through which rhinitis affects asthma have not been completely elucidated. We explored whether the effect of nasal treatment on asthma control and respiratory-related quality of life (HRQoL) is mediated by inflammatory changes of the upper and lower airways. METHODS: Allergic rhinitics with mild asthma were randomized to a 14-day treatment period with either nasal budesonide 100 mug, 1 puff per nostril twice a day, or placebo. Clinical, functional, and biological evaluations were performed before and after treatment. RESULTS: Twenty subjects (M/F: 10/10; age: 31 +/- 15 years; mean +/- SD) were enrolled, and a total of 17 individuals completely participated in the …
Propofol sedation reduces diaphragm activity in spontaneously breathing patients: ultrasound assessment.
2017
BACKGROUND: The diaphragm is the most important respiratory muscle in humans, and the close relationship between inspired volume and diaphragmatic movement in normal subjects has led to investigations into diaphragmatic activity using ultrasound, during spontaneous breathing and sedative drug infusion. METHODS: A total of 36 consecutive patients undergoing diagnostic procedures under deep propofol sedation were studied. Ultrasound measurements included the following: diaphragmatic thickening end-inspiration (TEI) and endexpiration (TEE). Diaphragmatic thickening fraction (DTF) was calculated from [(TEI TEE) / TEE] at various time points (at T0 basal; at T1 during propofol infusion; at T2 aw…
Cardiopulmonary rehabilitation improves respiratory muscle function and functional capacity in children with congenital heart disease : a prospective…
2020
Critical surgical and medical advances have shifted the focus of congenital heart disease (CHD) patients from survival to achievement of a greater health-related quality of life (HRQoL). HRQoL is influenced, amongst other factors, by aerobic capacity and respiratory muscle strength, both of which are reduced in CHD patients. This study evaluates the influence of a cardiopulmonary rehabilitation program (CPRP) on respiratory muscle strength and functional capacity. Fifteen CHD patients, ages 12 to 16, with reduced aerobic capacity in cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) were enrolled in a CPRP involving strength and aerobic training for three months. Measurements for comparison were obtai…
Noninvasive assessment of respiratory muscle strength and activity in Myotonic dystrophy
2017
Objective To evaluate sensitivity/specificity of the maximum relaxation rate (MRR) of inspiratory muscles, amplitude of electromyographic activity of the sternocleidomastoid (SCM), scalene (SCA), parasternal (2ndIS) and rectus abdominis (RA) muscles; lung function and respiratory muscle strength in subjects with Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) compared with healthy subjects. Design and methods Quasi-experimental observational study with control group. MRR of inspiratory muscles, lung function and amplitude of the electromyographic activity of SCM, SCA, 2ndIS and RA muscles during maximum inspiratory pressure (PImax), maximum expiratory pressure (PEmax) and sniff nasal inspiratory pressure (…
Survival of patients with spinal muscular atrophy type 1.
2013
BACKGROUND: Spinal muscular atrophy type 1 (SMA1) is a progressive disease and is usually fatal in the first year of life. METHODS: A retrospective chart review was performed of SMA1 patients and their outcomes according to the following choices: letting nature take its course (NT); tracheostomy and invasive mechanical ventilation (TV); continuous noninvasive respiratory muscle aid (NRA), including noninvasive ventilation; and mechanically assisted cough. RESULTS: Of 194 consecutively referred patients enrolled in this study (103 males, 91 females), NT, TV, and NRA were chosen for 121 (62.3%), 42 (21.7%), and 31 (16%) patients, respectively. Survival at ages 24 and 48 months was higher in …
Effect of one-year dextromethorphan/quinidine treatment on management of respiratory impairment in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
2021
Abstract Treatment with Dextromethorphan/Quinidine (DM/Q) has demonstrated benefit on pseudobulbar affect and bulbar function in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The aim of this study was to assess whether DM/Q could provide long-term improvement in bulbar function and thereby prolong noninvasive respiratory management in ALS. Materials and methods This prospective, case-cohort study, recruited ALS patients with bulbar dysfunction. Subjects included were compared with cross-matched historical controls. Cases received DM/Q (20/10 mg twice daily) during one-year follow-up; bulbar dysfunction was evaluated with the Norris scale bulbar subscore (NBS) and bulbar subscale of AlSFRS-R (ALSFRSb…
Predictors of Ineffective Cough during a Chest Infection in Patients with Stable Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
2007
In patients with neuromuscular diseases, a chest infection is associated with a reduction in respiratory muscle function that may result in decreased cough effectiveness.To determine if a clinical or functional parameter in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in a stable condition could predict spontaneous cough ineffectiveness during a respiratory tract infection.Forty consecutive patients with ALS referred to our Respiratory Care Unit were studied during a one-year follow-up.FEV(1), FVC, FEV(1)/FVC, peak cough flow (PCF), peak velocity time (PVT), maximum inspiratory and expiratory pressures, and bulbar dysfunction evaluation using the Norris scale bulbar subscore (NBS). A t…
Development of chronic hypoventilation in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients
2006
SummaryEarly prediction of respiratory muscle involvement and chronic hypoventilation (CH) in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients can help to plan mechanical ventilatory aids and palliative care interventions well before respiratory failure occurs. To describe the natural history of the progressive pulmonary dysfunction leading to CH, and to identify potential parameters associated with its development in ALS, we prospectively followed 38 ALS patients up to 26 months, starting from their first presentation at our Clinic. At study entry, median FVC was 87% (interquartile range: 72–104%) and declined by 10% after 6 months (range: 2–49%), showing a very high inter-patient variability.…
Effects of Leucine Administration in Sarcopenia: A Randomized and Placebo-controlled Clinical Trial
2020
Treating sarcopenia in older individuals remains a challenge, and nutritional interventions present promising approaches in individuals that perform limited physical exercise. We assessed the efficacy of leucine administration to evaluate whether the regular intake of this essential amino acid can improve muscle mass, muscle strength and functional performance and respiratory muscle function in institutionalized older individuals. The study was a placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind design in fifty participants aged 65 and over (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT03831399). The participants were randomized to a parallel group intervention of 13 weeks&rsquo