Search results for "response"
showing 10 items of 4136 documents
Temporal resolution and temporal transfer properties: gabaergic and cholinergic mechanisms.
2007
Temporal resolution is a basic property of the visual system and critically depends upon retinal temporal coding properties which are also of importance for directional coding. Whether the temporal coding properties for directional coding derive form inherent properties or critically depend upon the temporal coding mechanisms is unclear. Here, the influence of acetylcholine and GABA upon photopic temporal coding was investigated in goldfish, using flicker stimuli, in a behavioral and an electrophysiological (ERG) approach. The goldfish temporal resolution ability decreased from more than 90% correct choices at 20 Hz flicker frequency to about 65% at 45 Hz flicker frequency with a flicker fu…
Is It Easy to Synchronize Our Minds When We Are Forced to Cooperate?
2019
There is increasing scientific interest in elucidating the biological mechanisms underlying cooperative behaviors. Humans have developed a high degree of complexity in their cooperativity, which has been defined as hyper-cooperativity. An interesting biological marker to study how two individuals are emotionally linked when they cooperate is their psychophysiological synchronization (the overlapping of signals as indicators of Autonomous Nervous System activation). Hence, the main aim of this study was to explore participants&rsquo
Empirically Grounded Clinical Interventions: Cognitive Versus Behaviour Therapy in the Individual Treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Changes…
2008
Clinical significance analyses of controlled studies comparing Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP) and Cognitive Therapy (CT) in the treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) are scarce. The objective of this study is to compare the clinical efficacy of ERP and CT for OCD patients, and the usefulness of each in changing dysfunctional beliefs and thought control strategies at post-treatment and at a one-year follow-up. The two treatments were delivered on the basis of a routine clinical practice in a public-mental health service. Thirty-three OCD patients were randomly assigned to ERP or CT, and 29 completed the treatments (13 in ERP and 16 in CT). The ERP applied was in vivo, grad…
Spatial response spectra and site amplification effects
2002
A simplified analysis of local site amplification effects on the seismic response of multi-support structures is presented. The site effects are modeled by considering reflections and transmission of vertically propagating shear waves from bedrock to the surface through a soil layer. A random vibration-based response spectrum of a simple oscillator on two supports, one of which is founded on rock outcrop and the other on soil layer, is formulated in order to study the influence of non-uniform excitations on multi-support structures. Joint inertial and pseudo-static effects in the overall response are studied in detail. The resulting response spectra are formulated as displacement and force …
Effects of glaciation on karst hydrology and sedimentology during the Last Glacial Cycle: The case of Granito cave, Central Pyrenees (Spain)
2021
In Alpine regions, speleothem development on karst systems largely occurs during warm interglacial or interstadial phases due to their limited growth during cold stages. Still, recent attention has been given to the role of clastic sediments in caves, less dependent on temperature conditions. Yet, only a small number of caves worldwide preserve both speleothems and detrital deposits. Here we present an outstanding record of fine-grain laminated sediments and carbonate speleothems from the Granito cave (South Central Pyrenees, Spain) associated with seasonal to annual hydroclimatic pulses through the Last Glacial Cycle (LGC). Analysis of cave clastic facies together with new absolute dates o…
Novel Instrument for Temperature Measurements in Borehole Heat Exchangers
2019
The thermal response test (TRT) is the standard method for characterizing the thermal properties of the ground and those of a borehole heat exchanger (BHE). During the TRT, the inlet and outlet temperatures of the BHE are monitored. However, this test typically considers the ground as a homogeneous, isotropic, and infinite media, and therefore, it only determines the bulk and effective parameters, such as effective thermal conductivity and thermal borehole resistance. Hence, the enhanced TRT protocols are necessary where the depth-dependent temperatures are measured to estimate depth-specific thermal properties. Thus, a novel instrument with a data logger to automatically obtain the tempera…
Etna and the perception of volcanic risk
2013
Sicily’s uneven geological structure is positioned within a system of tectonic plates, and its very active volcano has always made it prone to disasters. Many Sicilian cities have in fact been destroyed by natural events many times over the centuries. This can certainly be understood negatively as the destruction of entire towns, the emission of volcanic ash, and the mutation of landscapes by a terrifying force have instilled fearful memories in local populations. But from another point of view one must consider the positive elements of Etna. Its beautiful landscapes were a major attraction on the Grand Tour, and its inhabitants have long associated the volcano with the concept of rebirth a…
Effects of the 6th September 2002 earthquake: damage amplification in the south-eastern sector of Palermo explained by GIS technology
2009
During the 6th September 2002 earthquake the highest damage level in Palermo was observed in the SE sector. This is a recent urbanization area where reinforced concrete structures predominate. A detailed analysis of soil properties in Palermo was carried out by City-GIS to investigate a possible role of nearsurface geology on earthquake effects. City-GIS is a tool dedicated to natural hazard evaluation in urban areas. The availability of high density of well log data (stratigraphic and geotechnical) allowed a realistic modeling of surface geology and physical-mechanical properties that control the seismic response. In wide zones of the above mentioned sector of…
Comparison of two sensory methods to obtain reliable dose-intensity curves for sweet taste compounds
2021
International audience
Five insights from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
2020
The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 provides a rules-based synthesis of the available evidence on levels and trends in health outcomes, a diverse set of risk factors, and health system responses. GBD 2019 covered 204 countries and territories, as well as first administrative level disaggregations for 22 countries, from 1990 to 2019. Because GBD is highly standardised and comprehensive, spanning both fatal and non-fatal outcomes, and uses a mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive list of hierarchical disease and injury causes, the study provides a powerful basis for detailed and broad insights on global health trends and emerging challenges. GBD …