Search results for "risk factor"

A case-control study of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

1991

A retrospective case-control study was conducted using 46 patients affected by amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and 92 closely matched healthy controls. Cases were ascertained through typical clinical and instrumental findings. Putative risk factors (bone fractures or major trauma, exposure to domestic animals, surgical operations, disease among first degree relatives and others) were investigated anamnestically using a standard questionnaire. Using Mantel-Haenzsel estimates of the odds ratio, no association was found between amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and the investigated variables.

Effect of hypertension and diabetes on subclinical left ventricular systolic dysfunction in a predominantly elderly population-based cohort

2019

Perceived constraints on physical exercise among obese and non-obese older people.

2009

Abstract Objective To examine what older obese people consider as constraints on their physical exercise and to determine whether these constraints can explain the differences in physical activity. Methods Six hundred nineteen community-living people aged 75–81 years living in Jyvaskyla, Central Finland, in 2003 were included in these cross-sectional analyses. Weight and height were measured at the research center, and physical activity and perceived constraints on physical exercise were assessed using validated questionnaires. Participants were categorized as non-obese ( n  =   436), moderately obese ( n  =   127) or severely obese ( n  =   56). Results The risk of physical inactivity was …

Recurrence of esophageal cancer after R0 surgery: risk factors and evolution

2013

Introduction despite advances in surgical and adjuvant therapy, recurrence in esophageal cancer submitted to R0 surgery remains high. The aim is to define risk factors and recurrence patterns. Additionally, to show the management carried out and the outcome of patients showing recurrence. Material and methods observational and prospective study that included 61 patients. Neoadjuvancy therapy was indicated on T3, T4 and N+ tumors and every lymph node dissection was performed in two fields. Recurrence is defined at distance, regional or local, when, recurrence is detected after six months. According to clinical features and the recurrences, a palliative, chemotherapeutic or surgical managemen…

No Association Between Vitamin D Status and Risk of Barrett's Esophagus or Esophageal Adenocarcinoma: A Mendelian Randomization Study.

2019

Contains fulltext : 215282.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) BACKGROUND & AIMS: Epidemiology studies of circulating concentrations of 25 hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) and risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) have produced conflicting results. We conducted a Mendelian randomization study to determine the associations between circulating concentrations of 25(OH)D and risks of EAC and its precursor, Barrett's esophagus (BE). METHODS: We conducted a Mendelian randomization study using a 2-sample (summary data) approach. Six single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs; rs3755967, rs10741657, rs12785878, rs10745742, rs8018720, and rs17216707) associated with circulating concentrations of 25(O…

Prevention of pressure injuries in critically ill children: A preliminary evaluation

2020

Abstract Aims To evaluate a prevention strategy implemented to reduce incidence and severity of positioning related pressure injuries affecting pediatric patients in a pediatric critical care unit. Secondary objective was to evaluate compliance with preventive recommendations. Background The skin in infants or children has important physiological and anatomical differences compared with adults. Further, factors such as the immaturity of the skin and limited activity and mobility in pediatric critical care unit, along with the pressure exerted by medical devices, increases the risk of pressure ulcers in infants and children. The most effective preventive measures specific to this intensive c…

[Risk factors of readmission in acute exacerbation of moderate-to-severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease].

2004

More effective management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and improved survival of COPD patients requires a better understanding of the risk factors for exacerbation. The aim of this study was to identify factors related to readmission in patients with moderate-to-severe COPD.Ninety patients with moderate-to-severe COPD hospitalized consecutively for acute exacerbation were studied prospectively. At discharge, the following potential predictors were assessed: clinical and spirometric variables, arterial blood gases, and respiratory muscle strength determined noninvasively. The patients were followed for a period of 3 months. Readmission for exacerbation and time intervals fr…

Atrial fibrillation in highly trained endurance athletes — Description of a syndrome

2016

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common heart arrhythmia, the risk of which typically increases with age. This condition is commonly associated with major cardiovascular diseases and structural heart damage, while it is rarely observed in healthy young people. However, increasing evidence indicates that paroxysmal AF can also onset in young or middle-aged and otherwise healthy endurance athletes (e.g., cyclists, runners and cross-country skiers). Here we review the topic of AF associated with strenuous endurance exercise (SEE), for example cycling, running and cross-country skiing, especially at a competitive level, and we propose the definition of a new syndrome based on the accumulati…

Epidemiology of enuresis: a large number of children at risk of low regard

2020

Abstract Aim To describe the epidemiological aspects of nocturnal enuresis (NE). In this study we identify the prevalence and the familial conditions in a large, representative sample of children with monosymptomatic NE (MNE) and nonmonosyptomatic NE (NMNE). Material and methods In this descriptive-analytic study the Italian Society of Pediatrics (SIP) promoted a prevalence study of NE using a questionnaire involved 320 primary care Pediatricians from Northern, Central and Southern Italy, from January 2019 to July 2019, with a total of 130,000 children analyzed by questionnaire related to epidemiology and type of NE, familiarity, quality of sleep, eating and drinking habits, pharmacological…

Risk of gallstone disease in advanced chronic phase of fascioliasis: an experimental study in a rat model.

2003

In Wistar rats experimentally infected with Fasciola hepatica, the association between time of infection, number of flukes, rat weight, and serum lipid levels and the risk of developing pigment stones in the main bile duct was examined using data obtained at 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 days postinfection. Gallstone presence increased with infection time. The relative risk of gallstone disease increased when the number of flukes per rat and rat weight increased. The presence of gallstones was associated with serum high-density lipoproteins and triglyceride levels. In a multivariate analysis, the association between gallstones and rat weight disappeared after adjustment for serum lipids. The …