Search results for "rotavirus"
showing 10 items of 174 documents
Unexpected Modulation of Recall B and T Cell Responses after Immunization with Rotavirus-like Particles in the Presence of LT-R192G
2010
LT-R192G, a mutant of the thermolabile enterotoxin of E. coli, is a potent adjuvant of immunization. Immune responses are generally analyzed at the end of protocols including at least 2 administrations, but rarely after a prime. To investigate this point, we compared B and T cell responses in mice after one and two intrarectal immunizations with 2/6 rotavirus-like particles (2/6-VLP) and LT-R192G. After a boost, we found, an unexpected lower B cell expansion measured by flow cytometry, despite a secondary antibody response. We then analyzed CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells (Tregs) and CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(-) helper T cells after in vitro (re)stimulation of mesenteric lymph node cells …
Análisis filogenético de los genes VP7 y NSP4 de cepas de rotavirus de niños con gastroenteritis en Valencia y Castellón
2012
Las infecciones por rotavirus afectan principalmente en la edad pediátrica y constituyen la primera causa de gastroenteritis en niños. La importancia de estos estudios radica en el conocimiento de las variaciones de los tipos antigénicos circulantes y la aparición o emergencia de nuevos genotipos, lo cual puede influir en las estrategias de vacunación. El G9 de rotavirus genotipo fue reportado por primera vez en 1983 en los Estados Unidos, llegando a ser uno de los genotipos más frecuentes en todo el mundo. La proteína NSP4 tiene un interés especial, ya que tiene un papel importante en el proceso de maduración de los viriones, actuando como receptor intracelular para VP6. Por otra parte, es…
Aproximaciones moleculares al estudio de las interacciones de rotavirus y norovirus con el huésped
2020
Los norovirus humanos son los principales agentes etiológicos de gastroenteritis aguda en todo el mundo. Aunque los norovirus son muy diversos (se han detectado más de 30 genotipos en humanos), durante los últimos 40 años la mayoría de los brotes y epidemias han sido causados por cepas del genotipo GII.4, lo que plantea interrogantes sobre su persistencia en la población. Entre otras posibles explicaciones, se considera que la evasión inmunológica es la principal causa de su éxito. Para estudiar en detalle el reconocimiento y la evasión de anticuerpos, analizamos un epítopo conformacional reconocido por un anticuerpo monoclonal (3C3G3) mediante mutagénesis dirigida y resonancia superficial …
Neutralizing antibodies against rotavirus produced in transgenically labelled purple tomatoes
2011
Edible fruits are inexpensive biofactories for human health-promoting molecules that can be ingested as crude extracts or partially purified formulations. We show here the production of a model human antibody for passive protection against the enteric pathogen rotavirus in transgenically labelled tomato fruits. Transgenic tomato plants expressing a recombinant human immunoglobulin A (hIgA_2A1) selected against the VP8* peptide of rotavirus SA11 strain were obtained. The amount of hIgA_2A1 protein reached 3.6 ± 0.8% of the total soluble protein in the fruit of the transformed plants. Minimally processed fruit-derived products suitable for oral intake showed anti-VP8* binding activity and str…
ID: 213
2015
The epithelium is the main entry point for many viruses, but the processes that protect barrier surfaces against viral infections are incompletely understood. Here we identified interleukin 22 (IL-22) produced by innate lymphoid cell group 3 (ILC3) as an amplifier of signaling via interferon- λ (IFN- λ ) , a synergism needed to curtail the replication of rotavirus, the leading cause of childhood gastroenteritis. Cooperation between the receptor for IL-22 and the receptor for IFN- λ , both of which were ‘preferentially’ expressed by intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), was required for optimal activation of the transcription factor STAT1 and expression of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). T…
Effect of poly(I).poly(C12U) (Ampligen) on enteric virus (rotavirus, poliovirus and Coxsackie B3 virus) infections
1994
The effects of poly(1)-poly(C 12 U) (Ampligen) on infections with enteric viruses (rotavirus, poliovirus and Coxsackie B3 virus) were studied in vitro. Ampligen exhibited antiviral activity against rotavirus, especially when treatment was performed prior to inoculation of the virus. It was partially effective against Coxsackie B3 virus, but not against poliovirus. It is suggested that the observed effects may be due to the production of interferon induced by Ampligen
Cost analysis of the first two year of universal mass vaccination against rotavirus in Sicily
2015
Background Rotavirus vaccination (RV) is recognized by international health authority as the best strategy to prevent rotavirus gastroenteritis (RVGE) in children. Costs of RVGE were estimated in several studies and were classified into direct and indirect costs, that should be further divided into Health care and social perspective. This study aims to evaluate RVGE hospitalization costs in Sicily, before and after universal mass RV (UMRV) introduction. Methods Cases of RVGE were defined as all hospitalizations with an ICD-9-CM diagnosis code of 008.61 on any diagnosis position among children aged 0 to 59 months. Data were obtained from Hospital discharge records (HDR) of the Health Regiona…
Safety of in-neonatal intensive care unit administration of rotavirus vaccination among preterms
2020
Abstract Background Rotavirus is among the most common vaccine preventable illness in children under 5 years old. Despite increased severity of rotaviral illness in early infancy, most neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) do not administer rotavirus vaccination. The present project aims to evaluate the safety of in-neonatal intenive care unit administration of the monovalent live, attenuated rotavirus vaccination to preterm newborns in Sicily. Methods From the first of March 2018 within the six most important NICUs of Sicily (three located in Palermo, two in Catania and one in Messina), and under the scientific coordination of the University of Palermo and of the Regional Health Department…
Rotavirus gastroenteritis: epidemiological, clinical, therapeutic aspects and economic implications
2013
Results 114 cases were diagnosed with rotavirus gastroenteritis in 2011 and 122 cases in 2012, frequently in the colder months, sex ratio M/F 1.42/1 in 2011, 1.18/1 in 2012 and in the age group 1-3 (58.90% of cases). The clinical severity was assessed by Vesikari score: 91 cases admitted in 2011 (79.82%) and 112 cases admitted in 2012 (91.80%) presenting a medium/severe score. 15 cases presented neurological symptoms and also 15 cases had renal failure. Among the electrolyte disorders the most commonly found was hyponatremia ( 150mEq/L). The hospitalization costs of rotavirus gastroenteritis cases ranged from 58.60€ to 5345 RON (1243.02€).
Intrarectal immunization with rotavirus 2/6 virus-like particles induces an antirotavirus immune response localized in the intestinal mucosa and prot…
2006
ABSTRACTRotavirus (RV) is the main etiological agent of severe gastroenteritis in infants, and vaccination seems the most effective way to control the disease. Recombinant rotavirus-like particles composed of the viral protein 6 (VP6) and VP2 (2/6-VLPs) have been reported to induce protective immunity in mice when administered by the intranasal (i.n.) route. In this study, we show that administration of 2/6-VLPs by the intrarectal (i.r.) route together with either cholera toxin (CT) or a CpG-containing oligodeoxynucleotide as the adjuvant protects adult mice against RV infection. Moreover, when CT is used, RV shedding in animals immunized by the i.r. route is even reduced in comparison with…