Search results for "ruses"
showing 10 items of 1185 documents
IgA-Dominant Infection-Associated Glomerulonephritis Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection
2021
The renal involvement of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been reported. The etiology of kidney injury appears to be tubular, mainly due to the expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, the key joint receptor for SARS-CoV-2; however, cases with glomerular implication have also been documented. The multifactorial origin of this renal involvement could include virus-mediated injury, cytokine storm, angiotensin II pathway activation, complement dysregulation, hyper-coagulation, and microangiopathy. We present the renal histological findings from a patient who developed acute kidney injury and de novo nephrotic syndrome, highly suggestive of acute IgA-domina…
Rab33B and its autophagic Atg5/12/16L1 effector assist in hepatitis B virus naked capsid formation and release
2015
Hepatitis B virus morphogenesis is accompanied by the production and release of non-enveloped capsids/nucleocapsids. Capsid particles are formed inside the cell cytosol by multimerization of core protein subunits and ultimately exported in an uncommon coatless state. Here, we investigated potential roles of Rab GTPases in capsid formation and trafficking by using RNA interference and overexpression studies. Naked capsid release does not require functions of the endosome-associated Rab5, Rab7 and Rab27 proteins, but depends on functional Rab33B, a GTPase participating in autophagosome formation via interaction with the Atg5-Atg12/Atg16L1 complex. During capsid formation, Rab33B acts in conju…
The interplay between the host microbiome and pathogenic viral infections
2021
The microorganisms associated with an organism, the microbiome, have a strong and wide impact in their host biology. In particular, the microbiome modulates both the host defense responses and immunity, thus influencing the fate of infections by pathogens. Indeed, this immune modulation and/or interaction with pathogenic viruses can be essential to define the outcome of viral infections. Understanding the interplay between the microbiome and pathogenic viruses opens future venues to fight viral infections and enhance the efficacy of antiviral therapies. An increasing number of researchers are focusing on microbiome-virus interactions, studying diverse combinations of microbial communities, …
Microtubules and microfilaments in HSV-Infected rabbit-kidney cells.
1981
In rabbit kidney cells infected with strains of Herpes simplex virus producing either cell-rounding or polycaryocytosis. Vinblastine induced paracrystals. This could be shown by phase-contrast- and electron-microscopy. Infections were done under one-step-growth conditions or at low MOI. 90 per cent noninfected cells contained stress fibers as detected by Servablue R250-staining. Shortly after recruitment into polycaryocytes, stress fibres of normal length appearing in criss-cross arrangement can be seen in the periphery of these cells. Later they polymerize to very long fibers and finally they are partially destroyed. The time of destruction depends on the MOI employed. By using Actinomycin…
Vaginal infection of mice with HSV type 2 variant ER−: A new animal model for human primary genital HSV type 2 infections
1992
Abstract Studying the pathogenesis of vaginal infections in mice with two variants of Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) strain ER we observed that both variants ER+ and ER− caused severe vaginitis but only ER+ invaded the CNS leading to lethal neurological disease. In contrast, mice infected with ER− cleared the virus from the vagina and recovered from infection. ER+ and ER− expressed equal levels of thymidine kinase (TK) indicating a TK-independent difference in neurovirulence. Using the non-neurovirulent variant ER−, we were able to investigate humoral immune responses late after infection. Vaginal infection with ER− suppressed serum antibody formation after a secondary systemic HSV-1 i…
Peptide-mediated interference with baculovirus transduction
2007
Baculovirus represents a multifunctional platform with potential for biomedical applications including disease therapies. The importance of F3, a tumor-homing peptide, in baculovirus transduction was previously recognized by the ability of F3 to augment viral binding and gene delivery to human cancer cells following display on the viral envelope. Here, F3 was utilized as a molecular tool to expand understanding of the poorly characterized baculovirus-mammalian cell interactions. Baculovirus-mediated transduction of HepG2 hepatocarcinoma cells was strongly inhibited by coincubating the virus with synthetic F3 or following incorporation of F3 into viral nucleocapsid by genetic engineering, th…
Occlusion-derived baculovirus: interaction with human cells and evaluation of the envelope protein P74 as a surface display platform.
2008
To develop complementary baculovirus-based tools for gene delivery and display technologies, the interaction of occlusion-derived baculovirus (ODV) with human cells, and the functionality of the P74 ODV envelope protein for display of the IgG-binding Z domains (ZZP74) were evaluated. The cellular binding of ODV was concentration-dependent and saturable. Only minority of the bound virions were internalized at both 37 and 4 degrees C, suggesting usage of direct membrane fusion as the entry mode. The intracellular transport of ODV was confined in vesicular structures peripheral to the plasma membrane, impeding subsequent nuclear entry and transgene expression. Transduction of ODV was not rescu…
Transfection of lipoma cells with papilloma bovine virus subgenomic fragment.
1991
Abstract Lipoma cells with consistent chromosomal aberration have been transfected with plasmids carrying papilloma bovine virus subgenomic fragment (PBV 69). The succesful transformation of the cells was ascerted on the changed growth pattern of the cells in liquid medium, colony formation in soft agar and modified cell appearrance in electron microscopy; transfection with PBV 69 has not been, however, sufficient to immortalize lipoma cells.
Generation and Applications of HPV Pseudovirions Using Vaccinia Virus
2005
This chapter outlines the generation and application of human papillomavirus type 33 (HPV 33) pseudovirions. These pseudovirions are structurally indistinguishable from native virions and are therefore valuable tools for the study of papillomavirus/cell interactions. The method describes (1) the construction of vaccinia viruses recombinant for the major and minor HPV capsid proteins, L1 and L2, respectively, (2) the transfection of Cos7 cells with a marker plasmid replicating to high copy numbers, (3) the expression of L1 and L2 using the vaccinia virus expression system, (4) the extraction, purification, and analysis of HPV-33 pseudovirions, (5) pseudoinfection assays, (6) pre- and post-at…
CVB3 VP1 interacts with MAT1 to inhibit cell proliferation by interfering with Cdk-activating kinase complex activity in CVB3-induced acute pancreati…
2021
Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) belongs to the genus Enterovirus of the family Picornaviridae and can cause acute acinar pancreatitis in adults. However, the molecular mechanisms of pathogenesis underlying CVB3-induced acute pancreatitis have remained unclear. In this study, we discovered that CVB3 capsid protein VP1 inhibited pancreatic cell proliferation and exerted strong cytopathic effects on HPAC cells. Through yeast two-hybrid, co-immunoprecipitation, and confocal microscopy, we show that Menage a trois 1 (MAT1), a subunit of the Cdk-Activating Kinase (CAK) complex involved in cell proliferation and transcription, is a novel interaction protein with CVB3 VP1. Moreover, CVB3 VP1 inhibited MAT…