Search results for "sage"

showing 10 items of 1373 documents

Evolutionary Changes after Translational Challenges Imposed by Horizontal Gene Transfer

2019

International audience; Genes acquired by horizontal gene transfer (HGT) may provide the recipient organism with potentially new functions, but proper expression level and integration of the transferred genes in the novel environment are not granted. Notably, transferred genes can differ from the receiving genome in codon usage preferences, leading to impaired translation and reduced functionality. Here, we characterize the genomic and proteomic changes undergone during experimental evolution of Escherichia coli after HGT of three synonymous versions, presenting very different codon usage preference, of an antibiotic resistance gene. The experimental evolution was conducted with and without…

0106 biological sciencesantibiotic resistanceGene Transfer HorizontalProteome[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]Bacterial genome sizeBiology010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesGenomeEvolution Molecular03 medical and health sciences[SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN]Drug Resistance BacterialEscherichia coliGeneticsexperimental evolutionGeneEcology Evolution Behavior and Systematics030304 developmental biologyGenetics0303 health sciencesExperimental evolution[SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE]compensatory evolutionGenomicsPhenotype[SDV.BIBS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM][SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriologycodon usage preferencesGenòmicaGenesCodon usage biasHorizontal gene transferProteomehorizontal gene transferResearch ArticleGens
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Evaluation of the shielding in a treatment room with an electronic brachytherapy unit.

2017

Esteya® (Elekta Brachytherapy, Veenendaal, The Netherlands) is an electronic brachytherapy (eBT) system based on a 69.5 kVp x-ray source and a set of collimators of 1 to 3 cm in diameter, used for treating non-melanoma skin cancer lesions. This study aims to estimate room shielding requirements for this unit. The non-primary (scattered and leakage) ambient dose equivalent rates were measured with a Berthold LB-133 monitor (Berthold Technologies, Bad Wildbad, Germany). The latter ranges from 17 mSv h-1 at 0.25 m distance from the x-ray source to 0.1 mSv h-1 at 2.5 m. The necessary room shielding was then estimated following US and some European guidelines. The room shielding for all barriers…

0106 biological sciencesbusiness.industryEquivalent dosemedicine.medical_treatmentBrachytherapyBrachytherapyPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthTreatment roomGeneral MedicineRadiation Dosage01 natural sciences030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineRadiation ProtectionElectromagnetic shieldingCalibrationmedicineHumansScattering RadiationNuclear medicinebusinessRadiometryWaste Management and Disposal010606 plant biology & botanyJournal of radiological protection : official journal of the Society for Radiological Protection
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Design and Implementation of a Smart System to Control Aromatic Herb Dehydration Process

2020

Drying is a process aimed at reducing the water content in plant materials below a limit where the activity of microbes and decomposing enzymes deteriorate the quality of medicinal and aromatic plants. Today, the interest of consumers towards medicinal and aromatic herbs has registered a growing trend. This study aims at designing a low-cost real-time monitoring and control system for the drying process of aromatic herbs and evaluating drying efficacy on the microbial community associated with the studied herbs. Hot-air drying tests of sage and laurel leaves were carried out in a dryer desiccator cabinet at 40 &deg

0106 biological sciencesfood.ingredientWater activityPlant ScienceShelf life01 natural sciencescomplex mixtures0404 agricultural biotechnologyfoodreal time monitoringsensor010608 biotechnologyoven dryingRelative humiditylcsh:Agriculture (General)Water contentMoistureSettore AGR/09 - Meccanica AgrariaHumidity04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesPulp and paper industry040401 food sciencelcsh:S1-972laurelsageHerbmicrobial loadEnvironmental scienceDesiccatorAgronomy and Crop ScienceSettore AGR/16 - Microbiologia AgrariaFood ScienceAgriculture
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MARL-Ped+Hitmap: Towards Improving Agent-Based Simulations with Distributed Arrays

2016

Multi-agent systems allow the modelling of complex, heterogeneous, and distributed systems in a realistic way. MARL-Ped is a multi-agent system tool, based on the MPI standard, for the simulation of different scenarios of pedestrians who autonomously learn the best behavior by Reinforcement Learning. MARL-Ped uses one MPI process for each agent by design, with a fixed fine-grain granularity. This requirement limits the performance of the simulations for a restricted number of processors that is lesser than the number of agents. On the other hand, Hitmap is a library to ease the programming of parallel applications based on distributed arrays. It includes abstractions for the automatic parti…

020203 distributed computingComputer scienceDistributed computingMessage passing0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringProcess (computing)Reinforcement learning020207 software engineering02 engineering and technologyCrowd simulationGranularityPartition (database)
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Interoperable real-time symbolic programming for smart environments

2019

Smart environments demand novel paradigms offering easy configuration, programming and deployment of pervasive applications. To this purpose, different solutions have been proposed ranging from visual paradigms based on mashups to formal languages. However, most of the paradigms proposed in the literature require further external tools to turn application description code into an executable program before the deployment on target devices. Source code generation, runtime upgrades and recovery, and online debugging and inspection are often cumbersome in these programming environments. In this work we describe a methodology for real-time and on-line programming in smart environments that is co…

0209 industrial biotechnologySource codeComputer sciencemedia_common.quotation_subjectDistributed computingExecutable code exchangeForth02 engineering and technologyKnowledge base020901 industrial engineering & automationApplication domain020204 information systems0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringSymbolic processingMQTTmedia_commonMQTTSettore ING-INF/05 - Sistemi Di Elaborazione Delle InformazioniSymbolic programmingcomputer.file_formatResource-constrained deviceDebuggingSmart environmentExecutableMessage queuecomputer
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UVER and UV index at high altitude in Northwestern Argentina

2016

Measurements of ultraviolet erythemal radiation (UVER) made during two years at three sites located at altitudes over 1000 m a.s.l. in Northwestern Argentina (Salta, San Carlos, and El Rosal) have been used to estimate and analyze the UV Index (UVI) and the cumulative doses at these locations. For the UVER irradiance, data of January (maximum values) and June (minimum values) have been analyzed as representative of the year for all locations. The UVI reaches extreme (> 11) values in > 20% of the analyzed days in Salta (1190 m a.s.l.), while these are reached in San Carlos (1611 m a.s.l.) and El Rosal (3355 m a.s.l.) in > 40% of the analyzed days. Finally, the cumulative doses over an averag…

0301 basic medicine030103 biophysicsVeterinary medicineMeteorologyUltraviolet erythemal radiation (UVER)Ultraviolet RaysBiophysicsIrradianceArgentinaRadiation DosageCumulative dosesCiencias de la Tierra y relacionadas con el Medio Ambiente03 medical and health sciencesRadiation MonitoringHigh altitudeRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingSouthern HemisphereRadiationRadiological and Ultrasound TechnologyAltitudeEffects of high altitude on humansUltraviolet index (UVI)Southern hemisphereEnvironmental scienceMeteorología y Ciencias AtmosféricasCIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS
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Biowaiver Monograph for Immediate-Release Solid Oral Dosage Forms: Amoxicillin Trihydrate

2018

Literature and experimental data relevant to waiver of in vivo bioequivalence (BE) testing for the approval of immediate-release solid oral dosage forms containing amoxicillin trihydrate are reviewed. Solubility and permeability characteristics according to the Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS), therapeutic uses, therapeutic index, excipient interactions, as well as dissolution and BE and bioavailability studies were taken into consideration. Solubility and permeability studies indicate that amoxicillin doses up to 875 mg belong to BCS class I, whereas 1000 mg belongs to BCS class II and doses of more than 1000 mg belong to BCS class IV. Considering all aspects, the biowaiver pro…

0301 basic medicine030106 microbiologyAdministration OralBiological AvailabilityPharmaceutical ScienceExcipientPharmacologyBioequivalence030226 pharmacology & pharmacyPermeabilityDosage formBiopharmaceuticsExcipients03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinemedicineAnimalsHumansDosage FormsActive ingredientChemistryBiopharmaceuticsAmoxicillinAmoxicillinBiopharmaceutics Classification SystemBioavailabilitySolubilityTherapeutic Equivalencymedicine.drugJournal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
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Effect of resource availability on evolution of virulence and competition in an environmentally transmitted pathogen

2018

Understanding ecological and epidemiological factors driving pathogen evolution in contemporary time scales is a major challenge in modern health management. Pathogens that replicate outside the hosts are subject to selection imposed by ambient environmental conditions. Increased nutrient levels could increase pathogen virulence by pre-adapting for efficient use of resources upon contact to a nutrient rich host or by favouring transmission of fast-growing virulent strains. We measured changes in virulence and competition in Flavobacterium columnare, a bacterial pathogen of freshwater fish, under high and low nutrient levels. To test competition between strains in genotype mixtures, we devel…

0301 basic medicineAC LYASE ACTIVITYfish diseaseFLEXIBACTER-COLUMNARISDIVERSITYAquacultureApplied Microbiology and BiotechnologybakteeritFish DiseasesAquacultureRAPID EVOLUTIONPathogen1183 Plant biology microbiology virologymedia_commonresource competitionEcologybiologyVirulenceFishesvirulenssibacteriumBiological EvolutionADAPTIVE EVOLUTIONqPCRtaudinaiheuttajatESCHERICHIA-COLIFISH FARMSTRADE-OFFGenotypeympäristötekijätmedia_common.quotation_subject030106 microbiologyZoologyVirulenceMicrobiologyFlavobacteriumCompetition (biology)Nutrient density03 medical and health sciencesFlavobacterium columnareAnimalsravinnepitoisuusHost (biology)business.industryta1183FLAVOBACTERIUM-COLUMNAREIN-VITRO PASSAGESbiology.organism_classificationkalatauditinterference competitionFlavobacterium columnareta1181businessBacteria
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Health gains through loss frames: Testing the effectiveness of message framing on citizens' use of nutritional warnings.

2021

Abstract The aim of the present work was twofold: (i) to evaluate the effect of nutritional warnings and health-related packaging cues (nutrient claim and images of natural foods) on consumers' food choices, and (ii) to evaluate the influence of two types of messages (gain-framed and loss-framed) aimed at encouraging the use of such warnings and packaging cues on food choices. A total of 510 participants were recruited using an advertisement on Facebook and Instagram targeted at Uruguayan adult users. Participants were randomly allocated to one of three experimental groups: control (n = 167), loss-framed messages (n = 177) and gain-framed messages (n = 166). Then, they completed a choice-co…

0301 basic medicineAdult030109 nutrition & dieteticsNutrition and DieteticsHealth consequences030209 endocrinology & metabolismAdvertisingConsumer BehaviorChoice Behaviorlanguage.human_language03 medical and health sciencesFood Preferences0302 clinical medicineFood LabelingFood choicePublic awareness campaignsFood policylanguageHumansFront of packMessage framingCuesPsychologyHealth communicationGeneral PsychologyAppetite
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Direct Sensing of Nutrients via a LAT1-like Transporter in Drosophila Insulin-Producing Cells

2016

Summary Dietary leucine has been suspected to play an important role in insulin release, a hormone that controls satiety and metabolism. The mechanism by which insulin-producing cells (IPCs) sense leucine and regulate insulin secretion is still poorly understood. In Drosophila, insulin-like peptides (DILP2 and DILP5) are produced by brain IPCs and are released in the hemolymph after leucine ingestion. Using Ca2+-imaging and ex vivo cultured larval brains, we demonstrate that IPCs can directly sense extracellular leucine levels via minidiscs (MND), a leucine transporter. MND knockdown in IPCs abolished leucine-dependent changes, including loss of DILP2 and DILP5 in IPC bodies, consistent wit…

0301 basic medicineAmino Acid Transport Systemsheavy-chainmedicine.medical_treatmentInsulinsamino acid transporter0302 clinical medicinegenetics [Drosophila Proteins]cytology [Drosophila melanogaster]Glutamate DehydrogenaseHemolymphInsulin-Secreting Cellsmetabolism [Drosophila melanogaster]HemolymphDrosophila;Drosophila insulin-like peptides;amino acid transporter;food;glutamate dehydrogenase;glycemia;growth;insulin-producing cells;minidiscs;starvationDrosophila ProteinsProtein Isoformsmetabolism [Calcium]genetics [Insulins]genetics [Amino Acid Transport Systems]lcsh:QH301-705.5minidiscsGene knockdowncytology [Larva]pancreatic beta-cellglutamate dehydrogenaseBrainmetabolism [Hemolymph]secretionDrosophila melanogasterBiochemistryLarvaAlimentation et NutritionDrosophilaLeucineSignal Transductionglucose-transportgenetics [Glutamate Dehydrogenase]genetics [Protein Isoforms]growthamino-acidsmetabolism [Drosophila Proteins][SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular BiologyNutrient sensingmetabolism [Larva]Biologyinsulin-producing cellsArticleGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biologymetabolism [Amino Acid Transport Systems]metabolism [Insulins]03 medical and health sciencesLeucineparasitic diseasesmedicineFood and NutritionAnimalsddc:610cytology [Insulin-Secreting Cells]cardiovascular diseasesAmino acid transporterMnd protein Drosophilaadministration & dosage [Leucine]metabolism [Protein Isoforms]Ilp5 protein Drosophilacytology [Brain]foodGlutamate dehydrogenaseInsulinNeurosciencesstarvationGlucose transportermetabolism [Insulin-Secreting Cells]glutamate-dehydrogenasel-leucineglycemia030104 developmental biologyGene Expression Regulationlcsh:Biology (General)metabolism [Brain]metabolism [Glutamate Dehydrogenase]Neurons and Cognitionmetabolism [Leucine]CalciumDrosophila insulin-like peptidesmetabolismfat-cells030217 neurology & neurosurgeryCell Reports
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