Search results for "sage"
showing 10 items of 1373 documents
Prospective randomised trial of chemotherapy given before radiotherapy in childhood medulloblastoma. International society of paediatric oncology (SI…
1995
In a multicentre randomised clinical trial 364 children with biopsy proven medulloblastoma were randomly assigned to receive or not pre-radiotherapy chemotherapy. Children with total or subtotal removal of the tumour, no evidence of invasive brain stem involvement, and no evidence of metastatic disease either within or without the cranium were designated "low risk", those with gross residual tumour, evidence of invasive brain stem involvement or metastases in the central nervous system were designated "high risk". All children were prescribed 55 Gy to the tumour bearing area. "Low risk" children could be randomised to "standard" radiotherapy 35 Gy to the craniospinal axis or "reduced" dose …
Postponed Is Not Canceled: Role of Craniospinal Radiation Therapy in the Management of Recurrent Infant Medulloblastoma—An Experience From the HIT-RE…
2013
Purpose To evaluate the efficacy of craniospinal irradiation (CSI) in the management of recurrent infant medulloblastoma after surgery and chemotherapy alone. Methods and Materials Seventeen pediatric medulloblastoma patients registered in the HIT-REZ 1997 and 2005 studies underwent CSI as salvage treatment at first recurrence. All patients had achieved complete remission after first-line treatment consisting of surgery and chemotherapy. Eleven patients showed metastatic disease at relapse. Five patients underwent surgery prior to radiation therapy, which resulted in complete resection in 1 case. In 1 patient, complete resection of the residual tumor was performed after CSI. Eleven patients…
Reduced-dose computed tomography is the most accurate method to measure ceramic hip resurfacing cup version
2020
Background: A precise assessment of cup version after hip resurfacing is generally requested, especially in clinical trials or in case of complications. Aims: To identify which diagnostic imaging modality, between AP pelvis X-rays, the AP Pelvis CT Scout image and reduced-dose axial CT scan, is the most precise to assess cup version of an all-ceramic hip resurfacing implant in a first-in-human clinical trial. Methods: We retrospectively assessed the cup version of the first 20 patients who underwent an experimental all-ceramic hip resurfacing on AP pelvis X-rays (0.8 mSv of radiation), AP pelvis CT scout images (0.016 mSv) and axial CT slices performed using a reduced dose protocol (0.3 mSv…
IVIVC in oral absorption for fenofibrate immediate release tablets using a dissolution/permeation system.
2009
ABSTRACT: The usefulness of a dissolution/permeation (D/P) system to predict the in vivo performance of solid dosage forms containing the poorly soluble drug, fenofibrate, was studied. Biorelevant dissolution media simulating the fasted and fed state conditions of the human gastrointestinal tract were used in order to simulate the effect of food on the absorption of fenofibrate. Moreover, the results obtained from the D/P system were correlated with pharmacokinetic parameters obtained following in vivo studies in rats. The in vitro parameter (amount permeated in the D/P system) reflected well the in vivo performance in rats in terms of AUC and C max of fenofibric acid. This study thus demon…
Laboratory investigations in genetic syndromes: examples of clinical approach in the neonatal unit.
2010
Contiguous gene deletion syndromes: the importance of an accurate genetic definition for a careful clinical monitoring. Contiguous gene deletion syndromes are so named because the deletion manifests as a distinctive cluster of otherwise unrelated single-gene disorders in the same subject. An accurate genetic definition of the deleted region is extremely important for the appropriate management of these patients and for unravelling the function of the involved genes. The microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization (CGH arrays) analysis is the actual molecular method able to accurately define the bounds of a deleted region, since it allows an evaluation of DNA copy number alterations a…
A simple analytical method for heterogeneity corrections in low dose rate prostate brachytherapy
2015
In low energy brachytherapy, the presence of tissue heterogeneities contributes significantly to the discrepancies observed between treatment plan and delivered dose. In this work, we present a simplified analytical dose calculation algorithm for heterogeneous tissue. We compare it with Monte Carlo computations and assess its suitability for integration in clinical treatment planning systems. The algorithm, named as RayStretch, is based on the classic equivalent path length method and TG-43 reference data. Analytical and Monte Carlo dose calculations using Penelope2008 are compared for a benchmark case: a prostate patient with calcifications. The results show a remarkable agreement between …
Reproducibility of CT Radiomic Features within the Same Patient: Influence of Radiation Dose and CT Reconstruction Settings.
2019
Background Results of recent phantom studies show that variation in CT acquisition parameters and reconstruction techniques may make radiomic features largely nonreproduceable and of limited use for prognostic clinical studies. Purpose To investigate the effect of CT radiation dose and reconstruction settings on the reproducibility of radiomic features, as well as to identify correction factors for mitigating these sources of variability. Materials and Methods This was a secondary analysis of a prospective study of metastatic liver lesions in patients who underwent staging with single-energy dual-source contrast material-enhanced staging CT between September 2011 and April 2012. Technique p…
Poly(hydroxyethylaspartamide) derivatives as colloidal drug carrier systems
2003
Abstract Poly(hydroxyethylaspartamide) (PHEA) derivatives bearing at the polyaminoacidic backbone poly(ethyleneglycol) (2000 or 5000 Da) or both poly(ethyleneglycol) and hexadecylalkylamine as pendant moieties were investigated as polymeric colloidal drug carriers. The ability of the PHEA derivatives to solubilize hydrophobic drugs was investigated using paclitaxel, amphotericin B and methotrexate. The results demonstrated that the drug solubility depends on both macromolecule composition and drug physicochemical properties. In particular, PEG/hexadecylalkylamine co-grafting increased significantly the solubilization properties of PHEA for the considered drugs while the conjugation of PEG o…
Buccal Delivery of Methimazole as an Alternative Means for Improvement of Drug Bioavailability: Permeation Studies and Matrix System Design
2012
The aim of this study was to investigate the potential for systemic administration of Methimazole (MMI) through the buccal mucosa as an alternative route for drug delivery. Considering that the most important restriction in buccal drug delivery could be the low permeability of the mucosa, the ability of MMI to cross the mucosal barrier was assessed. Permeation of MMI through porcine buccal mucosa was investigated ex vivo using Franz type diffusion cells, buffer solution simulating saliva or natural human saliva as donor phase. The collected data suggested that buccal mucosa does not hinder MMI diffusion and the drug crosses the membrane (J(s) = 0.068 mg cm(-2) h(-1) and K(p) = 0.065 cm h(-1…
Effect of active compression–decompression resuscitation (ACD-CPR) on survival: a combined analysis using individual patient data
1999
Active compression decompression resuscitation (ACD-CPR) has been developed as an alternative to standard cardiopulmonary resuscitation (S-CPR). To determine the effect of ACD-CPR on survival and neurologic outcome in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, this combined analysis involved individual patient data from 2866 patients from seven separate randomized prospective prehospital studies who had received ACD-CPR or S-CPR after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in seven international sites. Significant improvement in 1-h survival (odds ratio (OR) = 0.83; confidence interval (CI): 0.695-0.99; P0.05) was found with ACD-CPR (n = 1410) versus S-CPR (n = 1456). The odds ratio for hospital…