Search results for "salmon"
showing 10 items of 354 documents
Characterization of the first extended-spectrum b-lactamase–producing nontyphoidal Salmonella strains Isolated in Tehran, Iran
2010
The infections caused by Salmonella remain a significant public health problem throughout the world. b-Lactams and fluoroquinolones are generally used to treat invasive Salmonella infections, but emergence and spread of antibiotic-resistant strains are being increasingly notified in many countries. In particular, detection of extended spectrum b-lactamases (ESBLs) in Salmonella spp. is a newly emerging threat worldwide. This study was carried out to characterize b-lactamase–producing Salmonella strains identified in Tehran, Iran. Over the 2-year period from 2007 to 2008, 6 of 136 Salmonella isolates recovered from pediatrics patients, including three Salmonella enterica serotypes Enteritidi…
Early-season river entry of adult Atlantic salmon: its dependency on environmental factors
2003
River entry of adult Atlantic salmon Salmo salar into the River Tornionjoki, monitored during three migration seasons (1997–1999) by horizontal split-beam hydroacoustics, started early in June when water temperature was c. 9° C and when the discharge varied between 1700 and 2000 m3 s−1. In 1997 and 1999, migration peaked during the latter half of June, 17 days after the peak flood, at water temperatures ranging from 11· 5 to 18·2° C. Few statistically significant correlations were observed between river entry and six measured environmental factors and those that were significant were not persistent over the years. The strongest correlation ( r = −0·60) was between the number of upstream mig…
The effect of temperature fluctuations on oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion of underyearling Lake Inari Arctic charr
1998
Underyearling Lake Inari Arctic charr Salvelinus alpinus were acclimated to 11·0) C for 3 weeks, and then one group was maintained at 11·0) C and others were exposed to 14·4) Cconst, 17·7) Cconst or a diel fluctuating temperature of 14·3° C ± 1° C (14·3° Cfluc). Routine rates of oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion were measured over 10 days before the temperature change and over 31 days following the change. Measurements were made on fish that were feeding and growing. The temperature increase produced an immediate increase in oxygen consumption. There was then a decline over the next few days, suggesting that thermal acclimation was rapid. For groups exposed to constant temperature th…
Accurate Wound and Lice Detection in Atlantic Salmon Fish Using a Convolutional Neural Network
2022
The population living in the coastal region relies heavily on fish as a food source due to their vast availability and low cost. This need has given rise to fish farming. Fish farmers and the fishing industry face serious challenges such as lice in the aquaculture ecosystem, wounds due to injuries, early fish maturity, etc. causing millions of fish deaths in the fish aquaculture ecosystem. Several measures, such as cleaner fish and anti-parasite drugs, are utilized to reduce sea lice, but getting rid of them entirely is challenging. This study proposed an image-based machine-learning technique to detect wounds and the presence of lice in the live salmon fish farm ecosystem. A new equally di…
Environmentally driven changes in Baltic salmon oxidative status during marine migration.
2020
The fitness and recruitment of fish stocks can be markedly affected by environmental disturbances including global warming, eutrophication and contamination. Understanding the effects of environmental stressors on salmon physiology during marine residence is of a global concern as marine survival has decreased. We present a unique combination of physiological responses - antioxidant defence and oxidative damage biomarkers, stable isotopes and contaminant exposure biomarkers - measured from adult Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) collected at the Baltic Sea and studied in relation to environmental variables and fitness estimates. The results demonstrate that feeding populations of salmon display…
The use of fish bile metabolite analyses as exposure biomarkers to pulp and paper mill effluents
1998
The exposure of caged one-year-old whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus) to wood extractives and chlorophenolics from pulp and paper mill effluents in Lake Saimaa (SE Finland) was investigated. Whitefish were exposed at 17 locations affected by effluents from pulp and paper mills and at 5 reference areas. Resin and fatty acids and chlorophenolics in bile were analysed by GC and GC-MS. Cholesterol concentration in bile was also measured. Results show that despite of process changes to ECF and waste water treatment improvements employed by the pulp and paper industry in the study area, it is still possible to detect elevated concentrations of these substances in the bile of fish exposed in the vici…
Co-digestion of manure and biowaste according to the EC Animal By-Products Regulation and Finnish national regulations
2006
The objective of this study was to compare methane production and characteristics of digested material in anaerobic digestion concepts according to the Animal By-Products Regulation (ABP-Regulation) of the EC (hygienisation of biowaste for 1 hour at 70 °C, particle size <12 mm) and Finnish national regulations (treatment temperature 55 °C, feeding interval 24 h, hydraulic retention time (HRT) 20 d, particle size <40 mm) and with small variations in treatment methods for treating manure and biowaste. Moreover, the survival of three different salmonella bacteria in these processes was studied. Hygienisation of biowaste prior to digestion at 35 °C enhanced methane production by 1…
The M74 syndrome of baltic salmon (Salmo salar) and organochlorine concentrations in the muscle of female salmon
1997
Abstract Organochlorine concentrations in the muscle of female Baltic salmon (Salmo salar), ascending for spawning in the Simojoki River on the north-eastern coast of the Gulf of Bothnia from 1988 to 1992 are given in this paper in relation to reproduction success, monitored as viability of offspring. In spring 1992 and 1993 all the yolk-sac fry of 52 % and 75 % of the females, sampled in autumns 1991 and 1992 respectively, died due to the M74 syndrome, i.e., heavy mortality of yolk-sac fry (YSM). The TEOs of the most frequently detected polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs: 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDF, 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF and 2,3,7,8-TeCDF) and those of coplanar PCBs (CB77, CB126 and CB169) were about twi…
Effect of ultrasound technology combined with binary mixtures of ethanol and water on antibacterial and antiviral activities of Erodium glaucophyllum…
2019
Abstract Erodium glaucophyllum is a common Mediterranean herb known for its health benefits. In this study, Erodium extracts obtained from different extraction methods (conventional vs ultrasound-assisted extraction) and extraction solvents (aqueous and hydroethanolic) were evaluated in microbiological media to determine their effects on bacteria (Salmonella enterica, Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria innocua, Bifidobacterium lactis and Lactobacillus casei) and antiviral activity (hepatitis A virus and murine norovirus). Both, the extraction method and solvent were found to be important contributing factors. Ultrasound-assisted extraction yielded the highest level of desirable Erodium-extract…
Effects of fumonisin B1 on performance of juvenile Baltic salmon (Salmo salar)
2013
Fumonisin B1 is a mycotoxin produced by fungi of the genus Fusarium that frequently occurs on maize (Zea mays) and feeds containing it. The use of plant-based protein sources in feeds designed for aquaculture has increased due to their low costs compared with fishmeal. This trend has resulted in a global increase in feed formulations contaminated with mycotoxins, producing economical losses in aquaculture industry. The topic also causes concerns because of the potential health consequences that aquaculture products could have on human consumers. FB1 mainly disrupts sphingolipid metabolism and also has immune suppressive effects. Fish mycotoxicosis produces a wide range of symptoms from poor…