Search results for "salt"

Il saltimbanco di Palazzeschi: dalla coscienza infelice alla fiera carnevalesca

2006

Origin, age, and significance of deep-seated granulite-facies migmatites in the Barrow zones of Scotland, Cairn Leuchan, Glen Muick area

2018

Funding for this work was provided by the Johannes-Gutenberg University of Mainz. Petrological modelling of granulite‐facies mafic and semipelitic migmatites from Cairn Leuchan, northeast Scotland, has provided new constraints on the pressure (P) and temperature (T) conditions of high‐grade metamorphism in the type‐locality Barrow zones.Phase diagrams constructed in the Na2O–CaO–K2O–FeO–MgO–Al2O3–SiO2–H2O–TiO2–O2 system have constrained the P–T conditions of peak metamorphism in the Glen Muick region of the upper‐sillimanite zone (Sill+Kfs) to have been at least ~840 ◦C at ~9 kbar (high‐pressure granulite facies). These conditions are approximately ~120 ◦C and ~3 kbar higher than those reco…

Microbial-mediated pre-salt carbonate deposition during the Messinian salinity crisis (Calcare di Base fm., Southern Italy)

2017

Abstract A multi-scale analysis of sedimentary carbonate facies and post-sedimentary diagenetic features of the Calcare di Base Formation, the precursor to evaporites in Upper Messinian successions of Northern Calabria and Central Sicily, has revealed their microbial bio-mediated origin. Massive to laminated microbial boundstones represent the most common sedimentary facies forming flat to low relief cm to m scale stromatolitic and thrombolitic bodies. The fabric of the micrite varies from peloidal to aphanitic, and almost always preserves filamentous bacteria which characterized the original microbial mat. The mat was dominated by sulphur-oxidizing bacteria belonging to the Thiotrichaceae,…

Bovine seminal ribonuclease is cytotoxic for both malignant and normal telomerase-positive cells

2005

Bovine seminal-ribonuclease (BS-RNase) is a member of the 'ribonucleases with special biological actions' family since it possesses specific anti-tumour, anti-spermatogenic and embryotoxic activities and exerts an immunosuppressive effect on T lymphocytes. In previous studies it was demonstrated that BS-RNase induced apoptosis in proliferating, malignant and normal cells and that telomerase activity loss also caused apoptotic death in neoplastic cells. Since an obvious relationship between cell proliferation and telomerase activity exists, the aim of this work was to study if the pro-apoptotic cytotoxic action exerted by BS-RNase on proliferating malignant cells (HT29) and proliferating nor…

Microtomographic Quantification of Hydraulic Clay Mineral Displacement Effects During a CO2 Sequestration Experiment with Saline Aquifer Sandstone

2013

We combined a noninvasive tomographic imaging technique with an invasive open-system core-flooding experiment and compared the results of the pre- and postflooded states of an experimental sandstone core sample from an ongoing field trial for carbon dioxide geosequestration. For the experiment, a rock core sample of 80 mL volume was taken from the 629 m Stuttgart Formation storage domain of a saline sandstone aquifer at the CCS research pilot plant Ketzin, Germany. Supercritical carbon dioxide and synthetical brine were injected under in situ reservoir p/T-conditions at an average flow rate of 0.1 mL/min for 256 h. X-ray computed microtomographic imaging was carried out before and after the…

Modelling the transport of carbonic acid anions through anion-exchange membranes

2003

Electrodiffusion of carbonate and bicarbonate anions through anion-exchange membranes (AEM) is described on the basis of the Nernst � /Planck equations taking into account coupled hydrolysis reactions in the external diffusion boundary layers (DBLs) and internal pore solution. The model supposes local electroneutrality as well as chemical and thermodynamic equilibrium. The transport is considered in three layers being an anion exchange membrane and two adjoining diffusion layers. A mechanism of

Optimization of the Ussing chamber setup with excised rat intestinal segments for dissolution/permeation experiments of poorly soluble drugs.

2016

AbstractContext: Prediction of the in vivo absorption of poorly soluble drugs may require simultaneous dissolution/permeation experiments. In vivo predictive media have been modified for permeation experiments with Caco-2 cells, but not for excised rat intestinal segments.Objective: The present study aimed at improving the setup of dissolution/permeation experiments with excised rat intestinal segments by assessing suitable donor and receiver media.Methods: The regional compatibility of rat intestine in Ussing chambers with modified Fasted and Fed State Simulated Intestinal Fluids (Fa/FeSSIFmod) as donor media was evaluated via several parameters that reflect the viability of the excised in…

An approach to As(III) and As(V) bioavailability studies with Caco-2 cells

2005

Foods and drinking water are the main sources of human exposure to inorganic arsenic [As(III) and As(V)]. After oral ingestion, the intestinal epithelium is the first barrier to absorption of these species. A human intestinal cell line (Caco-2) was used to evaluate cell retention and transport of As(III) (15.6-156.0 microM) and/or As(V) (15.4-170.6 microM). Cell monolayer integrity, cell viability, membrane damage and effects on cell metabolism were evaluated. Only the highest concentrations assayed [As(III): 156.0 microM; As(V): 170.6 microM] produced a cytotoxic effect with different cellular targets: As(III) altered the permeability of tight junctions, and As(V) caused uncoupling of the …

Toxicity evaluation of individual and mixed enniatins using an in vitro method with CHO-K1 cells

2013

Enniatins (ENs) A, A1, B and B1 are produced by Fusarium species. They are known as emerging fusario- toxins, and can cause outbreaks in both humans and animals. ENs elicits a wide range of different biolog- ical properties and toxicological effects, and their co-occurrence may enhance the extent of these hazards. As the potential toxins reach in vitro cells in the same way as they would in vivo, cytotoxicity was studied with CHO-K1, which is considered one of the most sensitive cell lines for preliminary screen- ing of cytotoxicity studies. In this study, individual cytotoxic effects of ENs were evaluated by MTT assay after exposing ENs to CHO-K1 cells for 24, 48, and 72 h. The IC50 values…

SHORT-TERM PROCESSES OF RADIONUCLIDE IMMOBILIZATION IN CEMENT - A CHEMICAL APPROACH

1992

Abstract The ions released in solution by the constituents of cement (principally silicate, aluminate, OH and Ca ions) can combine with the anions and cations from nuclear wastes present in the mixing water to give very insoluble compounds that can fix these ions in the concrete matrix. In order to understand some of the particular physico-chemical processes involved in cement hydration in the presence of analogue elements, tricalcium silicate (C 3 S) was used instead of cement, which is too complex a mixture. It was found that the salt of a chemical analogue, a lanthanide salt, showed some accelerating effects when present in dilute amounts but resulted in large accelerating effects on QS …