Search results for "saturation"

showing 10 items of 478 documents

Finite energy chiral sum rules in QCD

2003

The saturation of QCD chiral sum rules of the Weinberg-type is analyzed using ALEPH and OPAL experimental data on the difference between vector and axial-vector correlators (V-A). The sum rules exhibit poor saturation up to current energies below the tau-lepton mass. A remarkable improvement is achieved by introducing integral kernels that vanish at the upper limit of integration. The method is used to determine the value of the finite remainder of the (V-A) correlator, and its first derivative, at zero momentum: $\bar{\Pi}(0) = - 4 \bar{L}_{10} = 0.0257 \pm 0.0003 ,$ and $\bar{\Pi}^{\prime}(0) = 0.065 \pm 0.007 {GeV}^{-2}$. The dimension $d=6$ and $d=8$ vacuum condensates in the Operator P…

Quantum chromodynamicsPhysicsParticle physicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsOperator (physics)High Energy Physics::PhenomenologyZero (complex analysis)FOS: Physical sciencesMomentumHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Dimension (vector space)High Energy Physics::ExperimentOperator product expansionRemainderSaturation (chemistry)Particle Physics - Phenomenology
researchProduct

The saturation of decaying counterflow turbulence in helium II

2010

We are concerned with the problem of the decay of a tangle of quantized vortices in He II generated by a heat current. Direct application of Vinen's equation yields the temporal scaling of vortex line density $L \sim t^{-1}$. Schwarz and Rozen [Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 66}, 1898 (1991); Phys. Rev. B {\bf 44}, 7563 (1991)] observed a faster decay followed by a slower decay. More recently, Skrbek and collaborators [Phys. Rev. E {\bf 67}, 047302 (2003)] found an initial transient followed by the same classical $t^{-3/2}$ scaling observed in the decay of grid-generated turbulence. We present a simple theoretical model which, we argue, contains the essential physical ingredients, and accounts for t…

Quantum fluidPhysicsHeat currentTurbulencechemistry.chemical_elementFOS: Physical sciencesCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsVortexCondensed Matter - Other Condensed MatterchemistryQuantum mechanicsSaturation (chemistry)ScalingHeliumLine (formation)Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
researchProduct

A test of special relativity with stored lithium ions

1993

Laser spectroscopy at the heavy ion storage ring TSR in Heidelberg allows for precision experiments testing the limits of the special theory of relativity. With an opticalΛ-type three-level system of7Li+ the Doppler shift has been measured by saturation spectroscopy as a test of the time dilatation factor γ = (1 −β2)−1/2 at an ion velocity ofυ = 6.4% c. A precision ofΔν/ν < 9 × 10−9 has been obtained, which sets a second-order limit of 1.1 × 10−6 for any deviation from the time dilatation factor. The fourth-order limit of this deviation is set below 2.7 × 10−4 by the present experiment. These limits are given at a 1 σ confidence level.

Quantum opticsPhysicsPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)business.industryOther Fields of PhysicsGeneral EngineeringGeneral Physics and AstronomySpecial relativityIonsymbols.namesakeOpticssymbolsHeavy ionAtomic physicsSaturation (chemistry)businessSpectroscopyDoppler effectStorage ringApplied Physics B Lasers and Optics
researchProduct

Diffractive dijet production and Wigner distributions from the color glass condensate

2019

Experimental processes that are sensitive to parton Wigner distributions provide a powerful tool to advance our understanding of proton structure. In this work, we compute gluon Wigner and Husimi distributions of protons within the Color Glass Condensate framework, which includes a spatially dependent McLerran-Venugopalan initial configuration and the explicit numerical solution of the JIMWLK equations. We determine the leading anisotropy of the Wigner and Husimi distributions as a function of the angle between impact parameter and transverse momentum. We study experimental signatures of these angular correlations at a proposed Electron Ion Collider by computing coherent diffractive dijet p…

QuarkCOLLISIONSprotonitNuclear TheoryHIGH-ENERGY FACTORIZATIONFOS: Physical sciencesPartonhiukkasfysiikka01 natural sciences114 Physical sciencesColor-glass condensateNuclear Theory (nucl-th)Nuclear physicsDEEP-INELASTIC SCATTERINGUNITARITYHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Recoil0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsNuclear Experimentproton structureQuantum chromodynamicsPhysicsta114010308 nuclear & particles physicsQUARKNONLINEAR GLUON EVOLUTIONQCDGluonHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenologyparton Wigner distributionsEP SCATTERINGSATURATIONPHOTOPRODUCTIONcolor glass condensateImpact parameterNucleonPhysical Review D
researchProduct

In depth analysis of the combined HERA data in the dipole models with and without saturation

2018

We present an updated impact parameter dependent saturation model (IPsat) determined trough a fit to the combined HERA I and I+II reduced cross section data. The same HERA data are used to fit the linearized (IPnonsat) version of the applied dipole amplitude, which makes it possible to estimate the magnitude of the saturation effects in various experiments. We find that both parametrizations provide comparable descriptions of the considered data when an effective confinement scale dynamics is incorporated with quark masses. Moreover, it is possible to consistently determine the light and charm quark masses. The role of potentially non-perturbatively large dipoles is examined in detail, with…

QuarkprotonitParticle physicsNuclear TheoryFOS: Physical scienceshiukkasfysiikkaComputer Science::Digital Libraries01 natural sciencesCharm quarkNuclear Theory (nucl-th)High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)quantum chromodynamics0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsPhysicsta114protons010308 nuclear & particles physicssaturationHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyStructure functionHERAHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyDipoleAmplitudeHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentImpact parameterSaturation (chemistry)Physical Review D
researchProduct

Modeling and Characterization of SiPM Parameters at Temperatures between 95 K and 300 K

2017

The modeling and characterization of silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) in a wide temperature range from 95 K to 300 K is presented. The devices under study had the distinctive feature of forward-biased p-n junctions situated under each pixel as active quenching resistors making them particularly appropriate to be operated at cryogenic temperatures. The voltage drop across the diode in a forward direction was measured for a series of injected currents in this temperature range. It was observed that the characteristics of different SiPM types influence the temperature dependence of the reverse saturation current. The devices were further characterized by low-level light-pulse measurements. The…

QuenchingNuclear and High Energy PhysicsMaterials sciencePhysics::Instrumentation and Detectors010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industryCryogenicsAtmospheric temperature range01 natural sciences030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaginglaw.invention03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineSilicon photomultiplierNuclear Energy and EngineeringlawSaturation current0103 physical sciencesOptoelectronicsElectrical and Electronic EngineeringResistorbusinessVoltage dropDiodeIEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
researchProduct

Improvement of the wettability and dissolution of fenofibrate compacts by plasma treatment

2011

Abstract The goal of this study was to investigate the effect of plasma treatment on the wettability and dissolution of fenofibrate compacts. Contact angle measurements and intrinsic dissolution rate studies of untreated and plasma-treated fenofibrate compacts were conducted. The contact angle data clearly show that the wettability of the tablet surface increased with the duration of plasma treatment. Analyses of stability revealed that the surfaces which were plasma-treated for more than 1 min regained some degree of hydrophobicity after storage in air. Since their hydrophobic recovery finally reached the level observed with 1 min plasma-treated fenofibrate compacts it was deduced that per…

Radiation NonionizingMaterials sciencePlasma irradiationFenofibrateChromatographyDrug CompoundingPharmaceutical SciencePlasma treatmentOxygenContact angleFenofibrateSolubilityChemical engineeringWettabilitymedicineWettingSolubilitySaturation (chemistry)Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic InteractionsDissolutionTabletsmedicine.drugInternational Journal of Pharmaceutics
researchProduct

centers induced by γ irradiation in sol–gel synthesized oxygen deficient amorphous silicon dioxide

2007

The effects of room temperature γ-ray irradiation up to a dose of ∼1300 kGy are investigated by Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) measurements in amorphous silicon dioxide (a-SiO2) produced by a sol-gel synthesis method that introduces O{triple bond, long}Si{single bond}Si{triple bond, long}O oxygen deficiency. We have found that exposure to radiation generates the Eγ′ center with the same spectral features found in high purity commercial a-SiO2. The maximum concentration of defects induced in this sol-gel material indicates that its resistance to radiation is comparable to that of synthetic fused a-SiO2. The concentration of Eγ′ center increases with irradiation, featuring a sublinear …

RadiationOxygen deficientSettore ING-IND/20 - Misure E Strumentazione NucleariChemistrySettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleSilicaRadiationCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionSilica Radiation Electron spin resonance Sol–gel aerogel and solution chemistry DefectsChemical bondlawAmorphous silicon dioxideElectron spin resonanceMaterials ChemistryCeramics and CompositesPhysical chemistryDefectsIrradiationElectron paramagnetic resonanceSol–gel aerogel and solution chemistrySaturation (magnetic)Sol-gelNuclear chemistryJournal of Non-Crystalline Solids
researchProduct

Chemisorption of hydrogen on charged vanadium clusters

1996

Abstract The chemisorption of hydrogen on positively charged vanadium clusters, V n + ( n = 1–17), was studied by measuring reaction rates and saturation coverages. Vanadium clusters are produced by laser vaporization and are injected into a Penning trap. Rates of the reaction V n + +H 2 → V n + H 2 are measured by axial ejection of all ions out of the trap after variable storage times and subsequent time-of-flight detection. An odd-even effect of the reaction rate is observed with odd clusters being more reactive. Clusters with low reactivity are found to be highly stable, as reflected by the respective separation energies of atoms. The number of adsorbed hydrogen atoms, m , is determined …

Reaction rateAdsorptionHydrogenChemistryChemisorptionInorganic chemistryAnalytical chemistryVanadiumchemistry.chemical_elementSaturation (chemistry)Penning trapSpectroscopyIonInternational Journal of Mass Spectrometry and Ion Processes
researchProduct

(Table 1) Sea surface temperature reconstruction for eastern equatorial Pacific surface sediment samples

2012

Significant uncertainties persist in the reconstruction of past sea surface temperatures in the eastern equatorial Pacific, especially regarding the amplitude of the glacial cooling and the details of the post-glacial warming. Here we present the first regional calibration of alkenone unsaturation in surface sediments versus mean annual sea surface temperatures (maSST). Based on 81 new and 48 previously published data points, it is shown that open ocean samples conform to established global regressions of Uk'37 versus maSST and that there is no systematic bias from seasonality in the production or export of alkenones, or from surface ocean nutrient concentrations or salinity. The flattening…

Reference sourceRC23RR9702ASea surface temperatureannual meaninterpolatedV21Roger A RevellePiston corer (BGR type)ME0005Aunsaturation index UK 37VemaKNR182 91988RC18Marion Dufresne (1995)Hakuho MaruKH-03-1MultiCorerTemperaturePiston corer BGR typeAMPHITRITEsediment rockRoger A. RevelleKH 03 1Earth System ResearchLeg138Robert ConradCoreWecomaCalculated from UK 37 Prahl et alPiston corerMoana WaveLongitude of eventHakuho-MaruAlkenone unsaturation index UK'37Thomas WashingtonW7706differenceKNR176-2KNR195-5Leg201DEPTH sediment/rockVNTR01SO147PLDS 3Sea surface temperature annual meanPLDS-3Giant piston corerMW8708MelvilleMD126Marion Dufresne 1995KnorrRC11RC13Event labelJoides ResolutionYALOC69Calculated from UK'37 (Prahl et al. 1988)V19ArgoSonneKNR176 2KNR195 5DEPTHYaquinaKNR182-9Gravity corerTemperature differenceBox corerAlkenoneComposite CoreSCANReference/source
researchProduct