Search results for "scalp"

showing 10 items of 102 documents

The time course of temporal discrimination: An ERP study

2009

Objective: The question of how temporal information is processed by the brain is still a matter of debate. This study aimed to elucidate the brain electrical activity associated with a visual temporal discrimination task. Methods: For this purpose, 44 participants were required to compare pairs of sequentially presented time intervals: a fixed standard interval (1000 ms), and an equal-to-standard, longer (1200 ms) or shorter (800 ms) comparison interval. Behavioural data and event-related potentials (ERPs) were analyzed. Results: Long intervals were more rapidly identified than short intervals. The amplitude of the contingent negative variation (CNV) found at frontocentral sites before the …

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyTime FactorsTime FactorAdolescentVisual time discriminationAudiologyDevelopmental psychologyDiscrimination LearningYoung AdultCognitionMemoryContingent negative variation (CNV)Physiology (medical)medicineHumansEvoked PotentialsTemporal discriminationSettore M-PSI/02 - Psicobiologia E Psicologia FisiologicaWorking memoryElectroencephalographyCognitionInterval timingMiddle AgedTemporal LobeSensory SystemsElectrophysiological PhenomenaContingent negative variationElectrophysiologyInterval (music)medicine.anatomical_structureReference memoryNeurologyDuration (music)ScalpEvoked Potentials VisualFemaleNeurology (clinical)Evoked PotentialSensory SystemPsychologyHuman
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Lateralized effect of rapid-rate transcranial magnetic stimulation of the prefrontal cortex on mood.

1996

We studied the effects of rapid-rate transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) of different scalp positions on mood Ten normal volunteers rated themselves before and after rTMS on five analog scales labeled ``Tristeza99 (Sadness), ``Ansiedad99 (Anxiety), ``Alegria99 (Happiness), ``Cansancio99 (Tiredness), and ``Dolor/Malestar99 (Pain/Discomfort). rTMS was applied to the right lateral prefrontal, left prefrontal, or midline frontal cortex in trains of 5 seconds9 duration at 10 Hz and 110% of the subject9s motor threshold intensity. Each stimulation position received 10 trains separated by a 25-second pause. No clinically apparent mood changes were evoked by rTMS to any of the scalp positions …

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyTime Factorsmedicine.medical_treatmentmedia_common.quotation_subjectEmotionsHappinessPainPrefrontal CortexStimulationAudiologyAnxietybehavioral disciplines and activitiesFunctional LateralityReference ValuesCortex (anatomy)mental disordersmedicineHumansPrefrontal cortexmedia_commonTranscranial Magnetic StimulationFrontal LobeTranscranial magnetic stimulationSadnessAffectMoodmedicine.anatomical_structureOrgan SpecificityScalpLateralityFemaleNeurology (clinical)PsychologyNeurosciencepsychological phenomena and processesNeurology
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A gelatin-thrombin matrix topical hemostatic agent (Floseal) in combination with harmonic scalpel is effective in patients undergoing total thyroidec…

2016

BACKGROUND: Hemostasis during thyroidectomy is essential; however, the safest, most efficient, and most cost-effective way to achieve this is unclear. This randomized, multicenter, single-blind, prospective study evaluated the efficacy and safety of using different hemostatic approaches in patients undergoing total thyroidectomy. METHODS: Patients aged ≥18 to 70 years were randomized to Floseal + a harmonic scalpel (HS), Floseal alone, HS alone, or standard total thyroidectomy. Primary endpoint was 24-hour drain output. Secondary endpoints included surgery duration and complications. RESULTS: Two hundred and six patients were randomized to Floseal + HS (n = 52), Floseal alone (n = 54), HS a…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyfood.ingredientmedicine.medical_treatmenthemostatic agent030230 surgeryGelatinHemostaticslaw.invention03 medical and health sciencesHemostatic0302 clinical medicinefoodThrombinRandomized controlled triallawHarmonic scalpelHumansMedicineProspective StudiesProspective cohort studyFloseal; gelatin-thrombin matrix; harmonic scalpel; hemostatic agent; total thyroidectomy;Hemostatic Agentbusiness.industryharmonic scalpelThrombinThyroidectomygelatin-thrombin matrixMiddle AgedSurgical InstrumentsGelatin Sponge AbsorbableSurgerytotal thyroidectomyProspective StudieTreatment Outcome030220 oncology & carcinogenesisHemostasisAnesthesiaThyroidectomyGelatinFemaleSurgerybusinessFlosealHumanmedicine.drug
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Sequential analysis of the brain's transfer properties during consecutive REM episodes

1995

Abstract Classical analysis of the spontaneous sleep EEG has revealed alterations of REM sleep in psychiatric diseases and under the influence of drugs. In order to elucidate possible functional differences between different REM episodes even in healthy subjects we investigated in 10 volunteers the transfer properties of the brain by measuring auditory (AEP) and visual evoked potentials (VEP) from scalp positions Fz, Cz and Pz during the night. According to linear system theory we computed the so-called amplitude-frequency characteristics (AFC) from averaged AEPs and VEPs during the first and each of the following 3 REM episodes. These functions describe the relationship between the input a…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtymedia_common.quotation_subjectRapid eye movement sleepSleep REMStimulationAudiologyElectroencephalographymental disordersmedicineHumansmedia_commonmedicine.diagnostic_testmusculoskeletal neural and ocular physiologyGeneral NeuroscienceBrainElectroencephalographyElectrophysiologymedicine.anatomical_structureAcoustic StimulationScalpEvoked Potentials AuditoryEvoked Potentials VisualNeurology (clinical)Analysis of variancePsychologySleep eegNeurosciencePhotic Stimulationpsychological phenomena and processesVigilance (psychology)Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology/Evoked Potentials Section
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Lateralized effects of self-induced sadness and happiness on corticospinal excitability.

1997

We studied the changes in excitability of the corticospinal projection evoked by self-induced sad and happy thoughts. Corticospinal excitability was probed using focal, single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) applied to the optimal scalp position for evoking motor potentials in the contralateral first dorsal interosseus muscle. Fourteen right-handed subjects were studied while counting mentally, thinking sad thoughts, or thinking happy thoughts. In each of these three conditions TMS was applied in each subject randomly, 20 times to the right and 20 times to the left hemisphere. Sad thoughts resulted in a significant facilitation of the motor potentials evoked by left-hemispheri…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_treatmentHappinessPyramidal TractsStimulationbehavioral disciplines and activitiesLateralization of brain functionFunctional LateralityMagneticsPhysical StimulationmedicineHumansPrefrontal cortexPyramidal tractsEvoked Potentials MotorTranscranial magnetic stimulationElectrophysiologyAffectmedicine.anatomical_structureScalpCerebral hemisphereFemaleNeurology (clinical)PsychologyNeurosciencepsychological phenomena and processesNeurology
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Different neuronal contribution to N20 somatosensory evoked potential and to CO2 laser evoked potentials: an intracerebral recording study

2004

Abstract Objective : To investigate the possible contribution of the primary somatosensory area (SI) to pain sensation. Methods : Depth recordings of CO 2 laser evoked potentials (LEPs) and somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) were performed in an epileptic patient with a stereotactically implanted electrode (Talairach coordinates y =−23, z =40) that passed about 10 mm below the hand representation in her left SI area, as assessed by the source of the N20 SEP component. Results : The intracerebral electrode was able to record the N20 SEP component after non-painful electrical stimulation of her right median nerve. The N20 potential showed a phase reversal in the bipolar montage (at about …

AdultMaterials scienceSettore MED/27 - NEUROCHIRURGIAPosterior parietal cortexPainSomatosensorySomatosensory systemStereotaxic TechniquesNuclear magnetic resonanceGyrusPhysiology (medical)Evoked Potentials SomatosensorymedicineHumansElectrodesEvoked PotentialsTalairach coordinatesEpilepsyLasersSomatosensory CortexSensory SystemsElectric StimulationTemporal LobeElectrodes ImplantedMedian NerveElectrophysiologymedicine.anatomical_structureNeurologyEpilepsy Temporal LobeSomatosensory evoked potentialScalpStereotaxic techniqueFemaleNeurology (clinical)ImplantedNeuroscience
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Proliferating tricholemmal tumour with lymph node metastases

1989

SUMMARY A 42-year-old woman with a proliferating tricholemmal tumour (PTT) with regional lymph node metastases is reported. Histochemical studies showed evidence of tricholemmal keratinization. There was recurrence following excision and subsequently the patient developed lymph node metastases.

AdultPathologymedicine.medical_specialtyScalpSkin Neoplasmsbusiness.industryDermatologymedicine.anatomical_structureLymphatic MetastasismedicineHumansKeratinsFemaleNeoplasm Recurrence LocalbusinessLymph nodeBritish Journal of Dermatology
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Is it really useful the Harmonic scalpel in axillary dissection for locally advanced breast cancer? A case series.

2017

Background. The seroma is one of the most common complications in the axillary lymph nodal dissection (different surgical approaches have been tried to reduce the seroma incidence). In our study we evaluate the outcome of patients using or not the ultrasonic scalpel (Harmonic scalpel) according to a standardized surgical technique. Patients and Methods. From January 2011 to December 2015 120 patients underwent axillary dissection for breast cancer. Patients were divided in two groups: patients belonging to the first group underwent Harmonic scalpel dissection and patients belonging to the second group underwent classical dissection. Each group consisted of 60 patients. Quadrantectomy (QUAD)…

Adultmedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.medical_treatmentHarmonic scalpelBreast NeoplasmsAxillary dissection03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineBreast cancerHematomaBreast CancermedicineHarmonic scalpelHumansAxillary dissection; Breast Cancer; Harmonic scalpel; Volume drainage; SurgeryAgedAged 80 and overbusiness.industryVolume drainageMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseSurgerybody regionsDissectionsurgical procedures operativeLymphedema030220 oncology & carcinogenesisSeromaLymphatic MetastasisAxillaLymph Node ExcisionSurgery030211 gastroenterology & hepatologyFemaleOriginal ArticlebusinessQuadrantectomyMastectomyIl Giornale di chirurgia
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Influence of the scalp thickness on the intracranial contribution to rheoencephalography

2004

In spite of the great efforts made by the scientific community, up to now there is no agreement about the rheoencephalography (REG) capability to reflect cerebral blood flow (CBF). Moreover, a standard procedure and the optimal electrode arrangement have not been established yet. In a previous study, we found, using a classical four-shell spherical model of the head and solving it by numerical methods that, theoretically, there could exist an electrode arrangement to register an REG II free of extracranial contribution. In this paper, we have studied the influence of scalp thickness on the intracranial contribution to REG II. The study has been performed by solving the head model, using in …

Brain MappingScalpRadiological and Ultrasound TechnologyModels NeurologicalMathematical analysisModels CardiovascularBrainElectroencephalographyStandard procedureRheoencephalographymedicine.anatomical_structureCerebral blood flowCerebrovascular CirculationScalpHead modelmedicineHumansComputer SimulationRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingDiagnosis Computer-AssistedPlethysmography ImpedanceAlgorithmMathematicsPhysics in Medicine and Biology
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Multiscale Granger causality analysis by à trous wavelet transform

2017

Since interactions in neural systems occur across multiple temporal scales, it is likely that information flow will exhibit a multiscale structure, thus requiring a multiscale generalization of classical temporal precedence causality analysis like Granger's approach. However, the computation of multiscale measures of information dynamics is complicated by theoretical and practical issues such as filtering and undersampling: to overcome these problems, we propose a wavelet-based approach for multiscale Granger causality (GC) analysis, which is characterized by the following properties: (i) only the candidate driver variable is wavelet transformed (ii) the decomposition is performed using the…

Computer scienceGeneralization0206 medical engineering02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesQuantitative Biology - Quantitative MethodsCausality (physics)WaveletGranger causality0103 physical sciencesTime seriesElectrical and Electronic Engineering010306 general physicsInstrumentationbusiness.industryWavelet transformPattern recognitionFilter (signal processing)multiscale analysi020601 biomedical engineeringUndersamplingscalp EEGQuantitative Biology - Neurons and CognitionSettore ING-INF/06 - Bioingegneria Elettronica E InformaticaGranger causalityWavelet transformArtificial intelligencebusiness
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