Search results for "scanning electron"

showing 10 items of 667 documents

Micro-analytical identification of the components of varnishes from South Italian historical musical instruments by PLM, ESEM-EDX, microFTIR, GC-MS, …

2014

Abstract A multi-analytical investigation was carried out to study varnish micro-samples from historical stringed musical instruments from the collection of the “Vincenzo Bellini” Conservatory in Palermo (Italy). This paper reports on the results of the application of five micro-destructive techniques: optical microscopy analysis of cross-sections, micro-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry, pyrolysis gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry with thermochemolysis, and environmental scanning electron microscopy with X-ray microanalysis. The study provides microchemical information about the composition of the varnishes of the ins…

ChemistryDrying oilVarnishAnalytical chemistryMass spectrometryMicroanalysisAnalytical ChemistryMusical instruments Varnish Resins Conservation sciencevisual_artShellacvisual_art.visual_art_mediumGas chromatographyGas chromatography–mass spectrometryEnvironmental scanning electron microscopeSpectroscopySettore CHIM/02 - Chimica Fisica
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Tuning the Magnetic Properties of Carbon by Nitrogen Doping of Its Graphene Domains

2015

Here we present the formation of predominantly sp-coordinate carbon with magnetic- and heteroatom-induced structural defects in a graphene lattice by a stoichiometric dehalogenation of perchlorinated (hetero)aromatic precursors [hexachlorobenzene, CCl (HCB), and pentachloropyridine, NCCl (PCP)] with transition metals such as copper in a combustion synthesis. This route allows the build-up of a carbon lattice by a chemistry free of hydrogen and oxygen compared to other pyrolytic approaches and yields either nitrogen-doped or -undoped graphene domains depending on the precursor. The resulting carbon was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM…

ChemistryGrapheneScanning electron microscopeInorganic chemistryGeneral Chemistry7. Clean energyBiochemistryCatalysis3. Good healthlaw.inventionMagnetizationsymbols.namesakeColloid and Surface ChemistryX-ray photoelectron spectroscopylawTransmission electron microscopysymbolsCarbide-derived carbonPhysical chemistryPyrolytic carbonRaman spectroscopyCHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; N-DOPED GRAPHENE; RECENT PROGRESS; FILMS; ELECTROCATALYSTS; NANORIBBONS; RADICALS; STATE
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Template induced crystallization of biominerals on self-assembled monolayers of alkylthiols

1998

Abstract We have studied the templated crystallization of the three polymorphs of calcium carbonate on self-assembled monolayers of ω -substituted alkylthiols on gold surfaces. Our interest has been to model biomineralization processes by examining the effect of structured organic templates on heterogeneous nucleation at the inorganic–organic interphase. The crystallization of the three polymorphs was carried out from solution at two different temperatures. The crystals that were formed on the surface were examined using scanning electron microscopy. Phase quantification was achieved through Rietveld analysis of the X-ray diffraction profiles. This study provides significant clues on factor…

ChemistryRietveld refinementScanning electron microscopeMetals and AlloysNucleationSelf-assembled monolayerSurfaces and InterfacesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionCrystallographyTemplate reactionlawMonolayerMaterials ChemistryCrystallizationBiomineralizationThin Solid Films
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Preparation and photoactivity of nanocrystalline TiO2 powders obtained by thermohydrolysis of TiOSO4

2013

Nanocrystalline TiO2 photocatalysts were synthesized in mild conditions by thermohydrolysis of TiOSO4 in water at 100 °C and post-calcination treatment at various temperatures. The TiO2 powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, specific surface area determinations, scanning electron microscopy and electron paramagnetic resonance measurements. The photoactivity of the samples was tested employing the photodegradation of 4-nitrophenol in liquid–solid regimen and the photooxidation of gaseous 2-propanol. The best results were obtained with the powder calcined at 600 °C for 10 h. Surprisingly, the not calcined sample was the most active for the abatement…

ChemistryScanning electron microscopeInorganic chemistryTitanium dioxide TiOSO4Thermohydrolysis Heterogeneous photocatalysisGeneral ChemistryCatalysisNanocrystalline materiallaw.inventionNOHeterogeneous photocatalysischemistry.chemical_compoundX-ray photoelectron spectroscopylawSpecific surface areaTitanium dioxideThermohydrolysisTitanium dioxideCalcinationTitanium dioxide TiOSO4 Thermohydrolysis Heterogeneous photocatalysisSettore CHIM/07 - Fondamenti Chimici Delle TecnologieElectron paramagnetic resonancePhotodegradationTiOSO4Nuclear chemistry
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MOCVD growth of CdTe on glass: analysis of in situ post-growth annealing

2004

Abstract In this paper, we analyse the growth by MOCVD of CdTe on glass substrates using in situ post-growth annealing. First, in order to perform a systematic study, polycrystalline layers of CdTe were deposited by MOCVD on glass substrates. The structure and morphology of the layers was investigated as a function of different growth parameters, temperature, VI/II precursor molar ratio and substrate position on the susceptor. An activation energy of Ek=20.7 kcal/mol was obtained from the experimental data. In order to better understand the process and the effects of different growth parameters, a numerical model that simulated the gas flow in the reactor, was developed. Secondly we analyse…

ChemistryScanning electron microscopeSubstrate (electronics)Activation energyCondensed Matter PhysicsCadmium telluride photovoltaicsAnnealing (glass)Inorganic ChemistryCrystallographysymbols.namesakeChemical engineeringMaterials ChemistrysymbolsCrystalliteMetalorganic vapour phase epitaxyRaman spectroscopyJournal of Crystal Growth
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Characterization of MCM-48 Materials

2000

Mesoporous molecular sieves of MCM-48 type were prepared by conventional hydrothermal and novel room temperature syntheses. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies have shown that nonagglomerate...

ChemistryScanning electron microscopeSurfaces and InterfacesCondensed Matter PhysicsMolecular sieveHydrothermal circulationCharacterization (materials science)CrystallographyChemical engineeringElectrochemistryHydrothermal synthesisGeneral Materials ScienceMesoporous materialSpectroscopyLangmuir
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Archaeopolymetallurgical study of materials from an Iberian culture site in Spain by scanning electron microscopy with X-ray microanalysis, chemometr…

2010

Abstract Archaeometallurgical materials from “La Bastida de Moixent”, a site in Valencia (Spain), from the second Iberian iron age (4th Century B.C.) have been studied using metallographic techniques, microanalysis, chemometrics and image analysis. The materials come from various phases of iron production and cupellation of argentiferous lead to obtain silver. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is used to determine the morphological, microstructural and topographic characteristics of the samples. Image analysis was used to obtain a numeric estimate of the main components in these materials. X-ray microanalysis (SEM/EDX) provides qualitative and quantitative information about the elements in…

ChemometricsCupellationMaterials scienceScanning electron microscopePrincipal component analysisMetallurgyMineralogyIron productionTechnical skillsMicroanalysisSpectroscopyAnalytical ChemistryX ray microanalysisMicrochemical Journal
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Influence of synthesis conditions on the performance of chitosan–Heteropolyacid complexes as membranes for low temperature H2–O2 fuel cell

2015

Flat, free-standing chitosan/phosphotungstic acid (PTA) polyelectrolyte membranes were prepared by in-situ ionotropic gelation process at room temperature on porous alumina support firstly impregnated by H3PW12O40. Scanning electron microscopy revealed the formation of compact and homogeneous membranes, whose thickness resulted to be dependent on chitosan concentration and reticulation time. X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) evidenced the formation of almost amorphous membrane without appreciable concentration of not protonated NH2 groups and PTA3- ions with preserved Keggin structure. Membranes were tested as proton conductor in low temperature H2-O2 fuel…

ChitosanMaterials scienceProtonconductingRenewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentScanning electron microscopeAnalytical chemistryEnergy Engineering and Power TechnologyHeteropolyacidCondensed Matter PhysicH<inf>2</inf>-O<inf>2</inf> PEMCFCondensed Matter PhysicsElectrochemistryPolyelectrolyteComposite membranechemistry.chemical_compoundKeggin structureSettore ING-IND/23 - Chimica Fisica ApplicataFuel TechnologyMembranechemistryChemical engineeringChitosanHeteropolyacidComposite membraneProton conducting H2 O2 PEMCFPhosphotungstic acidFourier transform infrared spectroscopyProton conductorInternational Journal of Hydrogen Energy
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Chitosan-phosphotungstic acid complex as membranes for low temperature H2-O2 fuel cell

2015

Abstract Free-standing Chitosan/phosphotungstic acid polyelectrolyte membranes were prepared by an easy and fast in-situ ionotropic gelation process performed at room temperature. Scanning electron microscopy was employed to study their morphological features and their thickness as a function of the chitosan concentration. The membrane was tested as proton conductor in low temperature H 2 –O 2 fuel cell allowing to get peak power densities up to 350 mW cm −2 . Electrochemical impedance measurements allowed to estimate a polyelectrolyte conductivity of 18 mS cm −1 .

ChitosanMaterials scienceScanning electron microscopeRenewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentProton conductingH2-O2 PEMCFEnergy Engineering and Power TechnologyHeteropolyacidConductivityElectrochemistryPolyelectrolyteChitosanComposite membranechemistry.chemical_compoundMembraneSettore ING-IND/23 - Chimica Fisica ApplicatachemistryChemical engineeringPolymer chemistryPhosphotungstic acidElectrical and Electronic EngineeringPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryChitosanHeteropolyacidComposite membraneProton conductingH2–O2 PEMFCProton conductor
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Modulation of the growth and metabolic response of cyanobacteria by the multifaceted activity of naringenin

2017

The interactions between the plant-derived bioflavonoid, naringenin, and prokaryotic microalgae representatives (cyanobacteria), were investigated with respect to its influence on the growth and metabolic response of these microorganisms. To achieve reliable results, the growth of cyanobacteria was determined based on measurements of chlorophyll content, morphological changes were assessed through microscopic observations, and the chemical response of cells was determined using liquid and gas chromatography (HPLC; GC-FID). The results show that micromolar levels of naringenin stimulated the growth of cyanobacteria. Increased growth was observed for halophilic strains at naringenin concentra…

ChlorophyllPigments0301 basic medicineCyanobacteriaNaringeninExopolysaccharidesChloroplastsMicroorganismCellGlycobiologyMarine and Aquatic Scienceslcsh:MedicineFresh WaterPlant ScienceBiochemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundElectron MicroscopyNostoclcsh:ScienceLiquid ChromatographyMicroscopyMultidisciplinarybiologyChemistryChromatographic Techniquesfood and beveragesHalophilemedicine.anatomical_structureBiochemistryFlavanonesPhysical SciencesScanning Electron MicroscopyCellular Structures and OrganellesCellular TypesResearch ArticleFreshwater EnvironmentsChromatography GasPlant Cell BiologyMaterials Science030106 microbiologyCyanobacteriaResearch and Analysis MethodsCell wallExcretion03 medical and health sciencesPolysaccharidesPlant CellsmedicineMaterials by AttributeBacteriaOrganic PigmentsEcology and Environmental Scienceslcsh:ROrganismsBiology and Life SciencesAquatic EnvironmentsCell Biologybiology.organism_classificationAnabaenaHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography030104 developmental biologyEarth Scienceslcsh:QBacteriaChromatography LiquidNostoc muscorumPLOS ONE
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