Search results for "scattering"

showing 10 items of 8332 documents

"Table 2" of "Search for light scalar top quark pair production in final states with two leptons with the ATLAS detector in sqrt(s) = 7 TeV proton-pr…

2012

Distribution of the PT of the leading muon for MU-MU events in the Signal Region, before the application of the leading lepton PT cut.

Di-Muon ProductionProton-Proton ScatteringPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyExclusiveTop7000.0High Energy Physics::ExperimentJet ProductionMuon productionP P --> MU+ MU- JET(S) MM
researchProduct

Oleochemical carbonates: A comprehensive characterization of an emerging class of organic compounds

2022

Dialkyl carbonates (DAC) with short-medium alkyl length - oleochemical carbonates – are attracting attention because of their appealing properties, including low viscosity, flammability, toxicity, environ- mental impact and wide range of applications: lubricants, personal care, fuel additives etc. However, not much is known concerning their chemical physical properties and, more importantly, on the nature of microscopic correlations that eventually determine bulk performances. In view of this paucity, we pre- sent a large exploration of a series of chemical physical properties of a set of DACs ranging from dimethyl up to didodecyl carbonate. This study extends previously determined database…

Dialkyl carbonate Sustainable Mesoscopic organization Hydrogen bonding Molecular Dynamics X-ray ScatteringMaterials ChemistryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsSpectroscopyAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsSettore CHIM/02 - Chimica Fisica
researchProduct

Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose films for the ophthalmic delivery of diclofenac sodium

2012

Abstract Objectives The aim of this study was to prepare diclofenac/hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) and diclofenac-loaded nanoparticles/HPMC films as potential systems for ocular delivery. Methods Two different concentration of the polymer were used: 1.5 and 2.0% w/v. Chitosan–hyaluronic acid nanoparticles were prepared by the ionotropic gelation technique. Nanoparticles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, drug encapsulation efficiency and rheological studies. In-vitro drug studies and corneal penetration release studies were carried out. Drug release mechanism was finally evaluated by fitting the Ritger and Peppas equation to data. In addit…

DiclofenacPolymersPharmaceutical ScienceNanoparticleAdministration OphthalmicMethylcellulosePharmacologyPermeabilityDosage formDrug Delivery SystemsHypromellose DerivativesDiclofenacDynamic light scatteringmedicineHyaluronic AcidDosage FormsPharmacologychemistry.chemical_classificationChitosanChemistryAnti-Inflammatory Agents Non-SteroidalDiclofenac SodiumPolymerPermeationHypromellose DerivativesNanoparticlesmedicine.drugNuclear chemistryJournal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
researchProduct

Thermodynamic approach of supercontinuum generation

2009

International audience; This paper is aimed at providing an overview on recent theoretical and experimental works in which a thermodynamic description of the incoherent regime of supercontinuum generation has been formulated. On the basis of the wave turbulence theory, we show that this highly nonlinear and quasi-continuous-wave regime of supercontinuum generation is characterized by two different phenomena. (i) A process of optical wave thermalization ruled by the four-wave mixing effects: The spectral broadening inherent to supercontinuum generation is shown to result from the natural tendency of the optical field to reach its thermodynamic equilibrium state, i. e., the state of maximum n…

Difficult problem[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]SPATIALLY INCOHERENT-LIGHTThermodynamic equilibriumWave turbulenceSOLITONWAVE TURBULENCEPhysics::OpticsNon-equilibrium thermodynamicsOptical field01 natural sciencesCONDENSATION010309 opticsEntropy (classical thermodynamics)symbols.namesakeMODULATION-INSTABILITYQuantum mechanics0103 physical sciencesPHOTONIC CRYSTAL FIBERStatistical physicsElectrical and Electronic Engineering010306 general physicsNonlinear Schrödinger equationOPTICAL-FIBERSNonlinear Sciences::Pattern Formation and SolitonsInstrumentationComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSPhysics[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics][ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]Fiber nonlinear opticsDISPERSION WAVELENGTHSTHERMALIZATIONAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsSupercontinuumNonlinear systemControl and Systems EngineeringsymbolsSolitonRaman scatteringPATTERN-FORMATION
researchProduct

Automated Electron Diffraction Tomography

2012

Ab-initio structure analysis by electron diffraction is hampered by two major problems: insufficient number of reflections sampled and an intensity alteration by dynamical scattering contribution or beam damage. Thus, in recent years the principles of automated diffraction tomography (ADT) allowing systematic reciprocal space sampling and automated data analysis were developed. Here the basic ideas of ADT and its general applicability will be discussed along with some examples of solved structures.

Diffraction tomographyReciprocal latticeSampling (signal processing)Electron diffractionElectron crystallographyScatteringEwald's sphereTomographyComputational physics
researchProduct

Real-space multiple scattering method for angle-resolved photoemission and valence-band photoelectron diffraction and its application to Cu(111)

2011

Abstract: A computational method is presented for angle-resolved photoemission spectra (ARPES) and photoelectron diffraction (PED) in the ultraviolet regime. The one-step model is employed and both initial valence and final continuum states are calculated using the finite-cluster, real-space multiple scattering method. Thereby the approach is versatile and provides a natural link to core-level PED. The method is applied to the Cu(111) valence band and good agreement with experiment is found for both ARPES spectra and PED patterns. When the PED patterns are integrated over a filled band of a single-orbital symmetry, such as Cu-3d, we show, both numerically and analytically, that the exact th…

Diffraction3104 Condensed Matter PhysicsMaterials scienceValence (chemistry)530 PhysicsScatteringPhysics2504 Electronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsAngle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy10192 Physics InstituteCondensed Matter Physicsmedicine.disease_causeMolecular physicsSpectral lineElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsDelocalized electronmedicineValence bandUltravioletPhysical Review B
researchProduct

Measurement of the inelastic proton-proton cross-section at √s = 7 TeV with the ATLAS detector

2011

The dependence of the rate of proton–proton interactions on the centre-of-mass collision energy, √s, is of fundamental importance for both hadron collider physics and particle astrophysics. The dependence cannot yet be calculated from first principles; therefore, experimental measurements are needed. Here we present the first measurement of the inelastic proton–proton interaction cross-section at a centre-of-mass energy, √s, of 7 TeV using the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. Events are selected by requiring hits on scintillation counters mounted in the forward region of the detector. An inelastic cross-section of 60.3±2.1 mb is measured for ξ>5×10[superscript −6], where ξ is ca…

DiffractionAtlas detectorNuclear TheoryGeneral Physics and AstronomyPP01 natural sciencesHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]Detectors and Experimental TechniquesNuclear ExperimentGeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.dictionariesencyclopediasglossaries)ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSddc:539PhysicsMultidisciplinaryLarge Hadron Colliderphysical sciences; particle physicsSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleSoftATLASDiffraction DissociationPhotoproductionElastic-ScatteringScintillation counterComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSINGFísica nuclearLHCddc:500Particle Physics - ExperimentParticle physicsCiências Naturais::Ciências Físicas:Ciências Físicas [Ciências Naturais]FOS: Physical sciencesddc:500.2High-Energies530General Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyArticleNuclear physicsphysical sciencesinelastic; proton–proton cross-section;ATLAS detector0103 physical sciencesAmplitudesHigh Energy Physicsparticle physics010306 general physicsAstroparticle physicsHardScience & Technology010308 nuclear & particles physicsGeneral ChemistryCollisionExperimental High Energy PhysicsPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentModel
researchProduct

X-ray study of LB multilayers of cadmium soaps in the vicinity of the break up point

1991

Temperature dependent SAXS measurements were carried out on multilayers of two different salts, cadmium palmitate (hexadecanoate) and behenate (docosanoate). The pattern characteristic of layer structure disappears at a transition temperature well below the bulk melting point in both cases. Examination by means of optical microscopy shows that the LB films break up at a temperature close to this transition. Measurements in its vicinity demonstrate that over a certain temperature range just below the transition a second set of peaks arises in the diffraction pattern. During this transition region of about 3 °C width two d-spacings for both salts were found, suggesting the simultaneous existe…

DiffractionCadmiumPolymers and PlasticsChemistrySmall-angle X-ray scatteringTransition temperatureOrganic ChemistryX-raychemistry.chemical_elementAtmospheric temperature rangeCondensed Matter Physicslaw.inventionCrystallographyOptical microscopelawMaterials ChemistryMelting pointMakromolekulare Chemie. Macromolecular Symposia
researchProduct

Low-Q peak in X-ray patterns of choline-phenylalanine and homophenylalanine: a combined effect of chain and stacking

2016

Abstract In this contribution we report for the first time the X-ray patterns of choline-phenylalanine and choline-homophenylalanine ionic liquids. The presence of a low Q peak in both systems is another evidence that a long alkyl chain is not always needed to establish a nanodomain segregation in the liquid sufficient to be revealed by the diffraction experiment. These new data are compared with the diffraction patterns and the theoretical calculations of other choline-aminoacid ionic liquids recently reported. A significant role might be played by the stacking interactions between aromatic rings.

DiffractionChemical substancePhenylalanineStackingGeneral Physics and AstronomyPhenylalanine02 engineering and technologyIonic liquid010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesCholinePhysics and Astronomy (all)chemistry.chemical_compoundAminoacidSettore CHIM/02Organic chemistryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAlkylcholine-amino acid ionic liquids EDXD; ion pairs; pre-peak; renewable materialschemistry.chemical_classificationSmall-angle X-ray scatteringSAXS; Choline; Phenylalanine; Aminoacids; Ionic liquidsAromaticitySAXS021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyIonic liquids0104 chemical sciencesCrystallographychemistryIonic liquid0210 nano-technologyAminoacids
researchProduct

Vibrational Properties of InSe under Pressure: Experiment and Theory

1996

The pressure dependence of the phonon modes in the layered semiconductor γ-InSe has been investigated experimentally and theoretically for pressures up to 11 GPa. The mode Gruneisen parameters of all Raman-active zone-center phonons have been determined by Raman scattering under pressure. In addition, features corresponding to second and third-order scattering processes are apparent in the Raman spectra under resonance conditions, from which information about zone-edge modes can be obtained. For the assignment of the observed Raman features to vibrational modes we have calculated the phonon dispersion curves using a rigid-ion model including couplings to first-nearest neighbors and long-ran…

DiffractionChemistryScatteringPhononAnalytical chemistryPressure experimentCondensed Matter PhysicsMolecular physicsResonance (particle physics)Electronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCondensed Matter::Materials Sciencesymbols.namesakeMolecular vibrationsymbolsRaman spectroscopyRaman scatteringphysica status solidi (b)
researchProduct