Search results for "scope"

Mixture Analysis in Biology: Scope and Limits

1998

Decoherence in a fermion environment: Non-Markovianity and Orthogonality Catastrophe

2013

We analyze the non-Markovian character of the dynamics of an open two-level atom interacting with a gas of ultra-cold fermions. In particular, we discuss the connection between the phenomena of orthogonality catastrophe and Fermi edge singularity occurring in such a kind of environment and the memory-keeping effects which are displayed in the time evolution of the open system.

High-resolution particle sizing by optical tracking of single colloidal particles

1997

Abstract The motion of individual Brownian particles is observed using the confocal Tracking Microscope recently introduced by Schatzel (K. Schatzel, W. G. Neumann, J. Muller and B. Materzok, App. Opt. 31 (1992) 770–778). Particles are laterally trapped in a strongly focused laser beam. By evaluating the light-pressure-induced drift velocity and the backscattered intensity we are able to detemine particle size histograms with a resolution better than 2%. This is demonstrated on a mixture of seven species of polystyrene latex spheres in the diameter range between 300 and 450 nm, where six classes of diameters are identified. We discuss the scope of the method and potential applications.

Workers, the self-employed and TRADEs: Conceptualisation and collective rights in Spain

2019

The subjective scope of application of Labour Law is set by the Statute of Labour. Nevertheless, the interpretation of the Courts is crucial to understand who is a worker in Spain. In this study, the criteria set by the Spanish courts and their evolution are analysed. Recently, the Spanish Supreme Court seems to have abandoned the ‘control test’ criteria for classifying workers and has moved towards a personal conceptualisation of work. This paper shows rulings that prove this evolution. Moreover, Spain has its own Self-employed Workers’ Statute applicable to common self-employed workers and economically dependent self-employees (TRADEs). In this paper I analyse the concept of both types a…

Undeclared work and legal instruments for combating it in Spain

2018

Abstract: This article analyses the measures adopted in Spain to combat undeclared work, although only with respect to activities included in the scope of the Spanish Workers’ Statute (workers under employment agreements). For the purposes of this analysis, the measures have been broken down into three main groups: control measures; measures to combat illegal employment and, finally, measures to promote legal employment. The paper concludes with some reflections on the effectiveness of these measures.Keywords: Undeclared work. Control instruments. Promotion of declared work. Sanctions against undeclared work. Spain.

Detection of Single Oxygen Molecules with Fluorescence-Labeled Hemocyanins

2005

This study introduces a method to detect individual oxygen molecules by fluorescence microscopy of single hemocyanins. These respiratory proteins from a tarantula bind oxygen with high affinity. A spectrometric signature of the oxygenated protein is transferred to an attached fluorescence label, which can be detected at the single-molecule level. This technique opens new perspectives for the development of small and sensitive oxygen sensors as well as for the investigation of cooperative oxygen binding in respiratory proteins.

Local control of antibody binding to hapten-presenting interfaces: Steric and electrostatic interaction

1991

The binding of labeled antibodies to hapten substituted monolayers at the air/water interface has been studied by means of fluorescence microscopy. Haptens with various spacer lengths between the epitope and a hydrocarbon chain, anchoring the molecule to the interface, have been synthesized. With DMPC,a unspecific binding has been shown to predominate over specific binding due to electrostatic interactions. At high surface pressures the bound antibody is detached because of steric interference with the lipid head groups. Due to a reduction of electrostatic interactions, no unspecific binding is observed to monolayers of cholesterol, which carries a small dipole moment. Mixed monolayers of c…

Large Fibres in Urinary Calculi—-Promoters of Stone Formation

1988

Large fibres (phi 10-20 microns, length up to 5,000 microns) are sometimes imbedded in urinary calculi. It may be that these fibres can catch sediment particles and promote stone growth. By scanning electron microscopy the morphology of the fibres was studied as well as the relationship of the fibres with crystalline stone components. The reported findings suggest that the fibres are possibly formed in the tubuli as the result of an hitherto unknown defect.

Long term capacity decisions in uncertain markets for advanced manufacturing systems incorporating scope economies

2002

Abstract By examining the literature in the field of manufacturing flexibility many researchers have located several form of flexibility by distinguishing them into strategic and operational flexibility forms. Furthermore, many measures and design methods have been proposed for flexible manufacturing systems. Surely scope economies are one of the most important strategic form of flexibility in manufacturing systems and their strategic impact has been acknowledged by the very beginning of the flexible manufacturing era. However, despite several researches are available to address scope economies measurement and design methodologies, very few researches investigate their economic convenience …

Specific recognition and formation of two- dimensional streptavidin domains in monolayers: applications to molecular devices

1989

Abstract By virtue of the high-affinity specific interaction between the vitamin, biotin, and the protein, streptavidin, monolayers of synthetic lipids with biotin headgroups can tightly bind streptavidin at the lipid-water interface. Through this specific recognition fluorescently-labelled streptavidin spontaneously organizes in the plane of the interface to form large protein domains, directly visible in situ by fluorescence microscopy and exhibiting optical anisotropy. Further structural characterization has shown that these domains are two-dimensional protein crystals. Correlation with the known three-dimensional crystal structure of streptavidin indicates that two of streptavidin's fou…