Search results for "secret"
showing 10 items of 1132 documents
Incretin-Based Therapies, Glucometabolic Health and Endovascular Inflammation
2013
Incretin peptides are a group of gastrointestinal hormones that play a prominent role in the regulation of glucose metabolism. Incretin-based therapies (IBTs) have recently emerged as an important treatment option for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). These pharmaceutical agents may be specially well suited for patients who are overweight or obese with primarily post-meal glucose peaks, and in whom traditional first-line oral agents have failed to maintain adequate glycemic control. There are 2 classes of IBTs: the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors and the glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists. The ultimate effect of both types of agents is to augment GLP-1 …
Refractory Death Rattle: Deep Aspiration Facilitates the Effects of Antisecretory Agents
2011
Anticholinergic drugs, including atropine, hyoscine butylbromide, and scopolamine, have been shown to be equally effective in the treatment of death rattle. However, anticholinergic drugs may only be effective in reducing the production of further secretions, rather than eliminating the existing ones. A case is described in which a preventive procedure was undertaken to carefully eliminate secretions before starting anticholinergic drugs. Airway aspiration under light anesthesia removed secretions before starting anticholinergic drugs. Low doses of propofol were given intravenously to make a laryngoscopy feasible, allowing the complete aspiration of large amounts of tracheal secretions. No …
Effect of propylene glycol on pre- and post-partum performance by dairy ewes
2005
This study was carried out in order to determine the effects, after feeding propylene glycol to Valle del Belice ewes 30 days prepartum and 30 days postpartum, on metabolic profiles, body-condition score, milk yield, milk composition, milk clotting ability and the performance of suckling lambs. Ewes were blocked by parity, body-condition score and previous milk production, and assigned randomly to either a control diet or a diet containing propylene glycol fed at the rate of 80 g/ewe/day (low PG) or 160 g/ewe/day (high PG). Feeding propylene glycol prepartum decreased the concentration of BHBA and NEFA and increased the concentration of glucose in the ewes’ plasma. Milk yield from ewes fed …
The pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease derive from compensatory responses to NMDA receptor insufficiency
2018
AbstractAlzheimer’s disease is characterized by intracellular aggregates of hyperphosphorylated tau protein and extracellular plaques of amyloid β peptide, a product of APP processing. The origin of these pathological hallmarks has remained elusive. Here, we have tested the idea that both alterations, at the onset of the disease, may constitute compensatory responses to the same causative and initial trigger, namely NMDA receptor insufficiency. Treatment of rat cortical neurons with the specific NMDA receptor antagonist AP5 within 4 h caused a significant increase in tau phosphorylation at the AT8 and S404 epitopes as well as an increase in APP expression and Aβ 40 secretion. Single intrape…
Significance of I313V mutation of NLPR3 gene in two pediatric patients
2011
Results Both case #1 (M.T) and #2 (V.C) displayed a mild clinical phenotype (episodes of urticarial rash and arthralgia associated with elevation of acute phase reactants), compatible with FCAS and Muckle-Wells syndrome, respectively. Both patients displayed good response to NSAID and/or steroid on demand. Compared to HD controls, patients displayed enhanced and delayed IL1b secretion. This was accompanied by higher levels of lL1Ra and IL-6 without any significant differences in IL-8. Interestingly, parents carrying the mutation also displayed higher levels of secreted IL-1b compared to HD control group. Conclusion The I313V mutation is associated with a mild CAPS phenotype and with an incr…
A peek inside the neurosecretory brain throughOrthopedialenses
2008
The wealth of expression and functional data presented in this overview discloses the homeogene Orthopedia (Otp) as critical for the development of the hypothalamic neuroendocrine system of vertebrates. Specifically, the results depict the up-to-date portrait of the regulation and functions of Otp. The development of neuroendocrine nuclei relies on Otp from fish to mammals, as demonstrated for several peptide and hormone releasing neurons. Additionally, the activity of Otp is essential for the induction of the dopaminergic phenotype in the hypothalamus of vertebrates. Recent insights into the pathways required for Otp regulation have revealed the implication of the main extracellular signal…
The Secretion of Areolar (Montgomery's) Glands from Lactating Women Elicits Selective, Unconditional Responses in Neonates
2009
Background The communicative meaning of human areolae for newborn infants was examined here in directly exposing 3-day old neonates to the secretion from the areolar glands of Montgomery donated by non related, non familiar lactating women. Methodology/Principal Findings The effect of the areolar stimulus on the infants' behavior and autonomic nervous system was compared to that of seven reference stimuli originating either from human or non human mammalian sources, or from an arbitrarily-chosen artificial odorant. The odor of the native areolar secretion intensified more than all other stimuli the infants' inspiratory activity and appetitive oral responses. These responses appeared to deve…
Isoprenaline and forskolin increase evoked vasopressin release from rat pituitary
1982
Isolated neurointermediate lobes of rat pituitaries were incubated in Krebs solution. The vasopressin release evoked by electrical stimulation (0.2 ms, 80 V, 15 Hz, 10 s trains at 10 s intervals for a total of 10 min) was completely inhibited by tetrodotoxin. Isoprenaline increased the evoked vasopressin release to a maximum of 60% (EC50 10 nM) and this effect was antagonized surmountably by propranolol. Forskolin increased the vasopressin release by 98%. These results suggest the presence within the neurohypophysis of a beta-adrenoceptor-linked adenylate cyclase facilitating vasopressin secretion.
Synthesis and in vitro evaluation of (S)-2-([11C]methoxy)-4-[3-methyl-1-(2-piperidine-1-yl-phenyl)-butyl-carbamoyl]-benzoic acid ([11C]methoxy-repagl…
2004
The 11 C-labeled sulfonylurea receptor 1 (SUR1) ligand (S)-2-(( 11 C)methoxy)-4-(3-methyl-1-(2-piperidine-1-yl-phenyl)- butyl-carbamoyl)-benzoic acid (( 11 C)methoxy-repaglinide) was synthesized in an overall radiochemical yield of 35% after 55 min with a radiochemical purity higher than 99%. This compound is considered for the noninvasive investigation of the SUR1 receptor status of pancreatic b-cells by positron emission tomography (PET) in the context of type 1 and type 2 diabetes. The specific activity was 40-70 GBq/lmol. In vitro testing of the nonradioactive methoxy-repaglinide was performed to characterize the affinity for binding to the human SUR1 isoform. Methoxy-repaglinide induce…
Effects of saliva and nasal secretion on some physical properties of four different resin materials
2009
WOS: 000284036700028