Search results for "sequence"

showing 10 items of 4987 documents

Life-history trade-offs in a generalist digenean from cetaceans: the role of host specificity and environmental factors

2015

Background Adults and larvae of generalist parasites are exposed to diverse hosts and local environmental conditions throughout their life cycles, thus local adaptation is expected to occur through phenotypic plasticity and/or natural selection. We investigated how the combined effect of cryptic host specificity and local selective pressures could shape reproductive traits of a putative generalist parasite in the oceanic realm. Methods The LSU rDNA, ITS2 and the mt-COI of individuals of the digenean Pholeter gastrophilus (Kossack, 1910) Odhner, 1914 (Heterophyidae Leiper, 1909) from oceanic striped dolphins, Stenella coeruleoalba Meyen, and coastal bottlenose dolphins, Tursiops truncatus Mo…

TroglotrematidaeZygoteMolecular Sequence DataZoologyTrade-offStenella coeruleoalbaBiologyGeneralist and specialist speciesDNA RibosomalHost SpecificityElectron Transport Complex IVStenellabiology.animalDNA Ribosomal Spacerparasitic diseasesMediterranean SeaAnimalsLocal adaptationPhenotypic plasticityHost (biology)EcologyResearchEgg sizefungiIntermediate hostEnvironmental exposureEnvironmental ExposureSequence Analysis DNADNA HelminthStenellaAdaptation PhysiologicalBottle-Nosed DolphinInfectious DiseasesFecundityRNA Ribosomalembryonic structuresParasitologyhuman activitiesDigeneaParasites & Vectors
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Cytotoxic activity of secondary metabolites derived from Artemisia annua L. towards cancer cells in comparison to its designated active constituent a…

2010

Artemisia annua L. (sweet wormwood, qinhao) has traditionally been used in Chinese medicine. The isolation of artemisinin from Artemisia annua and its worldwide accepted application in malaria therapy is one of the showcase success stories of phytomedicine during the past decades. Artemisinin-type compounds are also active towards other protozoal or viral diseases as well as cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Nowadays, Artemisia annua tea is used as a self-reliant treatment in developing countries. The unsupervised use of Artemisia annua tea has been criticized to foster the development of artemisinin resistance in malaria and cancer due to insufficient artemisinin amounts in the plant as c…

Trypanosoma brucei bruceiArtemisia annuaPharmaceutical ScienceArtemisia annuaPharmacologyHeLachemistry.chemical_compoundPhytomedicineParasitic Sensitivity TestsScopoletinparasitic diseasesDrug DiscoverymedicineHumansArtemisininOligonucleotide Array Sequence AnalysisPharmacologyScopoletinEucalyptolDose-Response Relationship DrugMolecular StructurebiologyPlant Extractsfood and beveragesCyclohexanolsbiology.organism_classificationAntineoplastic Agents PhytogenicTrypanocidal AgentsArtemisininsBioactive compoundEucalyptolComplementary and alternative medicinechemistryDrug Resistance NeoplasmCancer cellMonoterpenesMolecular MedicineDrug Screening Assays AntitumorHeLa Cellsmedicine.drugPhytomedicine
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Development of Novel Benzodiazepine-Based Peptidomimetics as Inhibitors of Rhodesain from Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense.

2020

Starting from the reversible rhodesain inhibitors 1 a-c, which have Ki values towards the target protease in the low-micromolar range, we have designed a series of peptidomimetics, 2 a-g, that contain a benzodiazepine scaffold as a β-turn mimetic; they are characterized by a specific peptide sequence for the inhibition of rhodesain. Considering that irreversible inhibition is strongly desirable in the case of a parasitic target, a vinyl ester moiety acting as Michael-acceptor was introduced as the warhead; this portion was functionalized in order to evaluate the size of corresponding enzyme pocket that could accommodate this substituent. With this investigation, we identified an irreversibl…

Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiensehuman African trypanosomiasiStereochemistryPeptidomimeticmedicine.medical_treatmentSubstituentAntiprotozoal AgentsTrypanosoma bruceiCysteine Proteinase Inhibitors01 natural sciencesBiochemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundBenzodiazepinesStructure-Activity RelationshipDrug DevelopmentParasitic Sensitivity TestsDrug DiscoverymedicineMoietyTrypanosoma bruceiGeneral Pharmacology Toxicology and PharmaceuticsPeptide sequencePharmacologyrhodesainProteasebiologyDose-Response Relationship DrugMolecular Structure010405 organic chemistryOrganic ChemistryTrypanosoma brucei rhodesiensebenzodiazepine scaffoldbiology.organism_classificationpeptidomimetic0104 chemical sciences010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistryCysteine EndopeptidaseschemistryMolecular MedicinePeptidomimeticsMichael acceptorLead compoundChemMedChem
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Th0 to Th1 switch of CD4 T cell clones specific from the 16-kDa antigen of Mycobacterium tuberculosis after successful therapy: lack of involvement o…

2005

Abstract In this study, we have examined the influence of HLA-DR molecules and the structure of the epitope repertoire of the 16-kDa protein of Mycobacterium tuberculosis on the acquisition of the cytokine secretion pattern of CD4 T cell clones, obtained from tuberculous patients before and after anti-mycobacterial therapy. Our data indicate that TB patients have a predominant Th0 response against the 16-kDa protein and its epitopes and that healing, induced by anti-mycobacterial therapy, is associated with a shift toward a predominant Th1 phenotype. Moreover, both HLA-DR molecules restricting the clone specificity and the nature of the recognized epitope do not play any role in the generat…

TuberculosisImmunologyMolecular Sequence DataEpitopes T-LymphocyteBiologyEpitopeCell LineMycobacterium tuberculosisAntigenHLA-DRmedicineImmunology and AllergyHumansTuberculosisAmino Acid SequenceAntigens BacterialCell DifferentiationHLA-DR AntigensMycobacterium tuberculosisTh1 Cellsbiology.organism_classificationmedicine.diseaseVirologyPhenotypeClone CellsPhenotypeImmunologyCytokine secretionClone (B-cell biology)Immunology letters
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Analysis of the p53 and MDM-2 gene in acute myeloid leukemia

1996

The MDM-2 (murine double minute 2) gene codes for a cellular protein that can bind to the p53 tumor suppressor gene product, thereby functioning as a negative regulator of p53. In order to define the role of the MDM-2 gene in the pathogenesis of human acute myeloid leukemia, the expression and the sequence of the MDM-2 gene were examined in samples of bone marrow and/or peripheral mononuclear cells of 38 patients by using immunostaining, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), single strand conformation polymorphism, and sequencing. Immunohistochemical staining detected a weak accumulation of the MDM-2 protein in AML patients of FAB classification M4 and M5. RT-PCR analysis revealed a heterogeneou…

Tumor suppressor geneGene ExpressionBiologyPolymerase Chain ReactionExonBone MarrowProto-Oncogene ProteinsGene expressionmedicineHumansMissense mutationRNA MessengerGenePolymorphism Single-Stranded ConformationalBase SequenceNuclear ProteinsMyeloid leukemiaProto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2Single-strand conformation polymorphismExonsSequence Analysis DNAHematologyGeneral MedicineGenes p53medicine.diseaseImmunohistochemistryMolecular biologyLeukemiaLeukemia MyeloidAcute DiseaseLeukocytes MononuclearCancer researchEuropean Journal of Haematology
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Pythium stipitatumsp. nov. isolated from soil and plant debris taken in France, Tunisia, Turkey, and India

2009

Pythium stipitatum is a slow-growing oomycete and has been isolated from soil samples and plant materials from France, Tunisia, Turkey and India. Its morphological characteristics are reminiscent of those of Pythium ramificatum, discovered in Algeria by the corresponding author. Unfortunately, the Algerian isolate was not deposited in any culture collection and ultimately got lost. Those were the days when molecular description of fungi was not a fashion; hence, no molecular characteristics of the Algerian isolates were deposited to the GenBank. Moreover, its coralloid antheridial branches made it an easy prey to be considered as synonymous to Pythium minus. Because there are no living stra…

TunisiaTurkeyMolecular Sequence DataIndiaPythiumPoaceaeMicrobiologySpecies SpecificityDNA Ribosomal SpacerBotanyGeneticsPythiumInternal transcribed spacerDNA FungalMycological Typing TechniquesMolecular BiologySoil MicrobiologyOomycetebiologyfood and beveragesGenes rRNASequence Analysis DNAPlantsRibosomal RNAbiology.organism_classificationAntheridiumGenBankOosporeTaxonomy (biology)FranceBeta vulgarisFEMS Microbiology Letters
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A Short Synthesis of Polysubstituted Pyrrolidines via α-(Alkylidene­amino)nitriles

2004

α-(Alkylideneamino)nitriles can be deprotonated under mild conditions. Their conjugated anions react with enones in a 1,4-addition to yield δ-keto-α-(alkylideneamino)nitriles which in turn can be reduced to form pyrrolidines in a one-pot reaction sequence.

Turn (biochemistry)DeprotonationReaction sequenceChemistryYield (chemistry)Organic ChemistryOrganic chemistryAmino nitrilesGeneral MedicineConjugated systemMedicinal chemistryPyrrole derivativesSynlett
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LaXp180, a mammalian ActA-binding protein, identified with the yeast two-hybrid system, co-localizes with intracellular Listeria monocytogenes

2001

The Listeria monocytogenes surface protein ActA is an important virulence factor required for listerial intracellular movement by inducing actin polymerization. The only host cell protein known that directly interacts with ActA is the phosphoprotein VASP, which binds to the central proline-rich repeat region of ActA. To identify additional ActA-binding proteins, we applied the yeast two-hybrid system to search for mouse proteins that interact with ActA. A mouse cDNA library was screened for ActA-interacting proteins (AIPs) using ActA from strain L. monocytogenes EGD as bait. Three different AIPs were identified, one of which was identical to the human protein LaXp180 (also called CC1). Bind…

Two-hybrid screeningImmunologyMolecular Sequence DataAutophagy-Related ProteinsFluorescent Antibody TechniqueStathminmacromolecular substancesmedicine.disease_causeMicrobiologylaw.inventionCell LineMicefluids and secretionsListeria monocytogenesBacterial ProteinslawVirologyTwo-Hybrid System TechniquesmedicineAnimalsHumansListeriosisAmino Acid SequencebiologyReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionBinding proteintechnology industry and agricultureIntracellular Signaling Peptides and ProteinsMembrane ProteinsProteinsListeria monocytogenesActinsBiochemistryPhosphoproteinembryonic structuresCOS CellsRecombinant DNAbiology.proteinbacteriaSignal transductionCarrier ProteinsIntracellularPlasmids
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The status of the species Pectinatus portalensis Gonzalez et al. 2005. Request for an Opinion

2008

On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and several key phenotypic features, it was ascertained that the cultures cited as the type strain of the species Pectinatus portalensis, CECT 5841(T) and LMG 22865(T), do not conform to the description, [Gonzalez, J. M., Jurado, V., Laiz, L., Zimmerman, J., Hermosin, B.Saiz-Jimenez, C. (2004). Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 86, 241-248]. The type strain does not exist in any other established culture collection or with the authors who described this species. Therefore, it cannot be included in any scientific study. It is proposed that the Judicial Commission place the name Pectinatus portalensis on the list of rejected names if a suitable replacemen…

Type (biology)Terminology as TopicStrain (biology)Pectinatus portalensisGeneral MedicinePectinatusGene sequenceBiologyMicrobiologyScientific studyEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsGenealogyINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY
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A tyrosinase nonapeptide presented by HLA-B44 is recognized on a human melanoma by autologous cytolytic T lymphocytes

1996

The human tyrosinase gene has been reported previously to code for two distinct antigens recognized on HLA-A2 melanoma cells by autologous cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTL). By stimulating lymphocytes of melanoma patient MZ2 with a subclone of the tumor cell line of this patient, we obtained a CTL clone that lysed this subclone but did not lyse other subcloncs of the Same melanoma cell line. The sensitive melanoma subclone was found to express a much higher level of tyrosinase than the others, suggesting that the antigen recognized bv the CTL might be encoded by tyrosinase. Transfection of a tyrosinase cDNA demonstrated that the CTL clone indeed recognized a tyrosinase product presented by HLA-…

TyrosinaseMolecular Sequence DataImmunologyClone (cell biology)BiologyHLA-B44 AntigenAntigenAntigens NeoplasmTumor Cells CulturedmedicineHumansImmunology and AllergyAmino Acid SequenceMelanomaAntigen PresentationBase SequenceMonophenol MonooxygenaseLymphoblastMelanomaTransfectionmedicine.diseaseMolecular biologyCTL*CytolysisHLA-B AntigensOligopeptidesT-Lymphocytes CytotoxicEuropean Journal of Immunology
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