Search results for "shape"

showing 10 items of 585 documents

Testing abnormality in the spatial arrangement of cells in the corneal endothelium using spatial point processes

2001

The study of central corneal endothelium morphology is important in Ophthalmology. Some of the pathologies that could compromise endothelial cell morphology are trauma, cataract, surgery, use of contact lenses, corneal dystrophies or degenerations. The quantitative analysis of cell shape and cellular pattern is more sensitive in detecting subtle changes in endothelial morphology than cell density measurement or cell area analysis. In this paper, the morphology of the central cornea, the most important area from the point of view of vision, is studied through an associated bivariate spatial point pattern: the centroids of the cells and the triple points, that is, the points where three diffe…

Statistics and ProbabilityCorneal endotheliumEpidemiologybusiness.industryCentroidPattern recognitionBivariate analysisNearest neighbour distributionBiologyPoint processmedicine.anatomical_structureCorneamedicineArtificial intelligenceAbnormalitybusinessCell shapeStatistics in Medicine
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Power laws and the market structure of tourism industry

2013

In this article, we use both graphical and analytical methods to investigate the market structure of one of the world’s fastest growing industries. For the German and Italian datasets, we show that the size distribution of tourism industry is heavy-tailed and consistent with a power-law behavior in its upper tail. Such a behavior seems quite persistent over the time horizon covered by our study, provided that during the period 2004–2009, the shape parameter is always in the vicinity of 2.5 for Germany and 2.6 for Italy. Size of the tourism industry has been proxied by the lodging capacity of hotel establishments: hotels, boarding houses, inns, lodging houses, motels, apartment hotels, touri…

Statistics and ProbabilityEconomics and EconometricsApartmentbusiness.industryDistribution (economics)Time horizonHeavy-tailed distribution Power-law behavior Shape parameter Tourism industry Market structurelanguage.human_languageGermanMarket structureMathematics (miscellaneous)Settore SECS-S/06 -Metodi Mat. dell'Economia e d. Scienze Attuariali e Finanz.EconomyHeavy-tailed distributionlanguageEconomicsEconomic geographybusinessSocial Sciences (miscellaneous)TourismEmpirical Economics
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Local Asymptotic Normality for Shape and Periodicity in the Drift of a Time Inhomogeneous Diffusion

2017

We consider a one-dimensional diffusion whose drift contains a deterministic periodic signal with unknown periodicity $T$ and carrying some unknown $d$-dimensional shape parameter $\theta$. We prove Local Asymptotic Normality (LAN) jointly in $\theta$ and $T$ for the statistical experiment arising from continuous observation of this diffusion. The local scale turns out to be $n^{-1/2}$ for the shape parameter and $n^{-3/2}$ for the periodicity which generalizes known results about LAN when either $\theta$ or $T$ is assumed to be known.

Statistics and ProbabilityLocal asymptotic normalityMathematical analysisLocal scale62F12 60J60020206 networking & telecommunicationsMathematics - Statistics Theory02 engineering and technologyStatistics Theory (math.ST)01 natural sciencesShape parameterPeriodic function010104 statistics & probability0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringFOS: Mathematics0101 mathematicsDiffusion (business)Mathematics
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Sequential estimation of a location parameter and powers of a scale parameter from delayed observations

2013

The problem of sequentially estimating a location parameter and powers of a scale parameter is considered in the case when the observations become available at random times. Certain classes of sequential estimation procedures are derived under an invariant balanced loss function and with the observation cost determined by a convex function of the stopping time and the number of observations up to that time.

Statistics and ProbabilityMathematical optimizationSequential estimationLocation parameterStopping timeApplied mathematicsFunction (mathematics)Statistics Probability and UncertaintyInvariant (mathematics)Convex functionScale parameterShape parameterMathematicsStatistica Neerlandica
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An Extended Filament Based Lamellipodium Model Produces Various Moving Cell Shapes in the Presence of Chemotactic Signals

2015

The Filament Based Lamellipodium Model (FBLM) is a two-phase two-dimensional continuum model, describing the dynamcis of two interacting families of locally parallel actin filaments (C.Schmeiser and D.Oelz, How do cells move? Mathematical modeling of cytoskeleton dynamics and cell migration. Cell mechanics: from single scale-based models to multiscale modeling. Chapman and Hall, 2010). It contains accounts of the filaments' bending stiffness, of adhesion to the substrate, and of cross-links connecting the two families. An extension of the model is presented with contributions from nucleation of filaments by branching, from capping, from contraction by actin-myosin interaction, and from a pr…

Statistics and ProbabilityNucleationNanotechnologymacromolecular substancesMyosinsBranching (polymer chemistry)Models BiologicalGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyPolymerizationQuantitative Biology::Cell BehaviorProtein filamentQuantitative Biology::Subcellular ProcessesCell Behavior (q-bio.CB)CoulombAnimalsComputer SimulationPseudopodiaCytoskeletonCell ShapeActinPhysicsGeneral Immunology and MicrobiologyApplied MathematicsChemotaxisChemotaxisNumerical Analysis Computer-AssistedGeneral Medicine92C17Actin CytoskeletonClassical mechanicsModeling and SimulationFOS: Biological sciencesQuantitative Biology - Cell BehaviorLamellipodiumGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencesSignal Transduction
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Influence functions and efficiencies of the canonical correlation and vector estimates based on scatter and shape matrices

2006

In this paper, the influence functions and limiting distributions of the canonical correlations and coefficients based on affine equivariant scatter matrices are developed for elliptically symmetric distributions. General formulas for limiting variances and covariances of the canonical correlations and canonical vectors based on scatter matrices are obtained. Also the use of the so-called shape matrices in canonical analysis is investigated. The scatter and shape matrices based on the affine equivariant Sign Covariance Matrix as well as the Tyler's shape matrix serve as examples. Their finite sample and limiting efficiencies are compared to those of the Minimum Covariance Determinant estima…

Statistics and ProbabilityNumerical AnalysisSign covariance matrixKanoniset korrelaatiot ja vektoritCovariance matrixMathematical analysisTyler's estimateShape matrixCanonical vectorsCovarianceCanonical correlationsCanonical analysisMatrix (mathematics)Canonical variablesCalculusSymmetric matrixEquivariant mapAffine transformationStatistics Probability and UncertaintyCanonical correlationMathematicsJournal of Multivariate Analysis
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Some Remarks on Exponential Families

1987

Abstract The following facts may serve to provide a feeling about how restrictive the assumption of an exponential family is. (a) A one-parameter exponential family in standard form with respect to Lebesgue measure is a location parameter family iff it is normal with fixed variance. (b) It is a scale parameter family iff it is gamma with fixed shape parameter. Both facts are known (see Borges and Pfanzagl 1965; Ferguson 1962; Lindley 1958) but may not have received as much attention as they deserve. Under the assumption of differentiable densities, short and elementary proofs are given.

Statistics and ProbabilityPure mathematicsLocation parameterLebesgue measureGeneral MathematicsLocation-scale familyShape parameterExponential familyCalculusDifferentiable functionStatistics Probability and UncertaintyNatural exponential familyScale parameterMathematicsThe American Statistician
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Parameter orthogonality and conditional profile likelihood: the exponential power function case

1999

Orthogonality, according to Fisher’s metrics, between the parameters of a probability density function, as well as giving rise to a series of statistical implications, makes it possible to express a function of conditional profile likelihood with better properties than the ordinary profile likelihood function. In the present paper the parameters of exponential power function are made orthogonal and the conditional profile likelihood of the shape parameter p is determined in order to study its properties with reference to p estimation. Moreover, by means of a simulation plan, a comparison is made between the estimates of p obtained from the conditional profile log-likelihood and those obtain…

Statistics and ProbabilityStatisticsApplied mathematicsProbability density functionDensity estimationConditional probability distributionLikelihood functionLikelihood principleConditional varianceShape parameterExponential functionMathematicsCommunications in Statistics - Theory and Methods
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A new method for linear affine self-calibration of stationary zooming stereo cameras

2012

This paper presents a simple, yet effective, method to recover the affine structure of a scene from a (stereo) pair of stationary zooming cameras. The proposed method solely relies on point correspondences across images and no knowledge about the scene whatsoever is required. Our method exploits implicit properties of the projective camera matrices of zooming cameras and allows to estimate the affine structure of a scene by solving a linear system of equations. The 3D reconstruction results obtained by using our method, on both real and simulated data, have remarkably validated its feasibility.

Stereo camerasbusiness.industry3D reconstructionComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONIterative reconstructionAffine shape adaptationComputer Science::GraphicsComputer Science::Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionLinear algebraComputer visionAffine transformationArtificial intelligenceZoombusinessStereo cameraComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICSMathematics2012 19th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing
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Strain-Controlled Giant Magnetoresistance in Spin Valves Grown on Shape Memory Alloys

2019

We report a strain-mediated giant magnetoresistance (GMR) in spin valves (SPVs) grown on shape memory alloys (SMAs). The SPVs with a stacking structure of Al2O3/Co90Fe10/Cu/Co90Fe10/IrMn/Pt were de...

Strain engineeringMaterials scienceCondensed matter physicsStrain (chemistry)Materials ChemistryElectrochemistryStackingSpin valveGiant magnetoresistanceShape-memory alloyElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsSpin-½ACS Applied Electronic Materials
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