Search results for "signal processing"

showing 10 items of 2451 documents

Space-Time Analogies in Optics

2011

Abstract The so-called space-time analogy constitutes a source of inspiration to understand, engineer, and implement new systems for ultrafast optical signal processing based on concepts borrowed from the well-established field of Fourier Optics. In this review, we start by describing in a comprehensive manner the most basic notions of this analogy and discuss some recent developments with state-of-the-art technology, including the silicon-chip-based time lens and ultra-dispersive Raman devices, among others. Apart from the applications in optical communications, special emphasis is paid on the collateral benefits that the “ultra” appellative brings in fields as diverse as optical frequency…

PhysicsSignal processingmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryFourier opticsOptical communicationPhysics::OpticsAnalogylaw.inventionLens (optics)OpticsOptical coherence tomographylawmedicineWaveformbusinessUltrashort pulse
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The Cryogenic AntiCoincidence Detector Project for ATHENA+: An Overview Up to the Present Status

2014

ATHENA+ is a space mission proposal for the next ESA L2-L3 slot. One of the focal plane instruments is the X-ray integral field unit (X-IFU) working in the energy range 0.3–10 keV. It is a multi-array based on TES detectors aimed at characterizing faint or diffuse sources (e.g. WHIM or galaxy outskirt). The X-IFU will be able to achieve the required sensitivity if a low background is guaranteed. The studies performed by GEANT4 simulations depict a scenario where the use of an active anticoincidence (AC) is mandatory to reduce the background expected in L2 orbit down to the goal level of 0.005 cts cm $$^{-2}$$  s $$^{-1}$$  keV $$^{-1}$$ . This is possible using a cryogenic anticoincidence (…

PhysicsSiliconbusiness.industryAnticoincidence detectorDetectorOrder (ring theory)SpaceTES Silicon Iridium Anticoincidence detector SpaceIridiumCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsGalaxyOpticsCardinal pointAnticoincidence detector; Iridium; Silicon; Space; TES; Atomic and Molecular Physics and Optics; Materials Science (all); Condensed Matter PhysicsSettore FIS/05 - Astronomia E AstrofisicaAtomic and Molecular PhysicsOrbit (dynamics)General Materials ScienceSensitivity (control systems)Materials Science (all)and OpticsbusinessTESEnergy (signal processing)
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a1(1420) peak as the πf0(980) decay mode of the a1(1260)

2016

We study the decay mode of the ${a}_{1}(1260)$ into a ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}$ in $p$ wave and the ${f}_{0}(980)$ that decays into ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ in $s$ wave. The mechanism proceeds via a triangular mechanism where the ${a}_{1}(1260)$ decays into ${K}^{*}\overline{K}$, the ${K}^{*}$ decays to an external ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}$ and an internal $K$ that fuses with the $\overline{K}$ producing the ${f}_{0}(980)$ resonance. The mechanism develops a singularity at a mass of the ${a}_{1}(1260)$ around 1420 MeV, producing a peak in the cross section of the $\ensuremath{\pi}p$ reaction, used to generate the mesonic final state, which provides a natural…

PhysicsSingularity010308 nuclear & particles physics0103 physical sciencesResonanceState (functional analysis)Atomic physics010306 general physics01 natural sciencesEnergy (signal processing)Physical Review D
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Studying endocytosis in space and time by means of temporal Boolean models

2006

Endocytosis is a process by which cells carry traffic from the extracellular space into various intracellular compartments. Visualization of fluorescently tagged clathrin proteins (mediators of endocytosis) allows us to image endocytosis in real time. When imaging the plasma membrane, areas of fluorescence generated by different endocytic processes overlap spatially and temporally, forming random clumps. Here, a sequence of segmented clathrin spots is considered a realization of a non-isotropic 3D Boolean model. Estimates of the intensity, the mean perimeter and the density function of the durations of endocytic events are obtained.

PhysicsSpacetimebiologyBoolean modelEndocytic cycleEndocytosisClathrinArtificial IntelligenceSignal ProcessingExtracellularbiology.proteinBiophysicsComputer Vision and Pattern RecognitionSoftwareIntracellularPattern Recognition
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Measurement of the Spectral Shape of the β -Decay of Xe137 to the Ground State of Cs137 in EXO-200 and Comparison with Theory

2020

We report on a comparison between the theoretically predicted and experimentally measured spectra of the first-forbidden nonunique β-decay transition ^{137}Xe(7/2^{-})→^{137}Cs(7/2^{+}). The experimental data were acquired by the EXO-200 experiment during a deployment of an AmBe neutron source. The ultralow background environment of EXO-200, together with dedicated source deployment and analysis procedures, allowed for collection of a pure sample of the decays, with an estimated signal to background ratio of more than 99 to 1 in the energy range from 1075 to 4175 keV. In addition to providing a rare and accurate measurement of the first-forbidden nonunique β-decay shape, this work constitut…

PhysicsSpectral shape analysisGeneral Physics and AstronomyNuclear dataContext (language use)Electron7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesSpectral line0103 physical sciencesNeutron sourceAtomic physics010306 general physicsGround stateEnergy (signal processing)Physical Review Letters
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The Cryogenic Anticoincidence Detector for ATHENA-XMS

2012

The TES cryogenic detectors, due to their high spectral resolution and imaging capability in the soft X-ray domain, are the reference devices for the next proposed space missions whose aims are to characterize the spectra of faint or diffuse sources. ATHENA is the re-scoped IXO mission, and one of its focal plane instrument is the X-ray Microcalorimeter Spectrometer (XMS) working in the energy range 0.3-10 keV. XMS will be able to achieve the proposed scientific goals if a background lower than 0.02 cts/cm2/s/keV is guaranteed. The studies performed by GEANT4 simulations depict a scenario where it is mandatory to use an active Anti-Coincidence (AC) to reduce the expected background in the L…

PhysicsSpectrometerPhysics::Instrumentation and Detectorsbusiness.industryDetectorAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsAstrophysicsCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSpace explorationSpectral lineLow temperature detectors · Astronomy and astrophysics · Superconductivity · Silicon · TESSettore FIS/05 - Astronomia E AstrofisicaCardinal pointOpticsOrbit (dynamics)General Materials ScienceSpectral resolutionbusinessEnergy (signal processing)Journal of Low Temperature Physics
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A Method Based on Amplitude Probability Density Representation for Sounding High Frequency Noise in Ionospheric Channels

2021

High Frequency (HF) communications efficiency require a precise characterization of the ionospheric channel’s noise. We present a rapid and accurate method to sound the HF ionospheric channels that enables tracing of the time-availability of the channel based on imposed electric field strength thresholds. The method makes use of the amplitude probability density implemented in a real-time spectrum analyzer. Sounding of 3, 10 and 20 kHz bandwidth channels in the 4.8 – 8.8 MHz range is exemplified and specific observations are presented.

PhysicsSpectrum analyzerDepth soundingAmplitudeAcousticsBandwidth (signal processing)Probability density functionNoise (electronics)Communication channelTime–frequency analysis2021 9th International Conference on Modern Power Systems (MPS)
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Multi-overlap simulations of free-energy barriers in the 3D Edwards–Anderson Ising spin glass

1999

We report large-scale simulations of the three-dimensional Edwards‐Anderson Ising spin-glass model using the multi-overlap Monte Carlo algorithm. We present our results in the spin-glass phase on free-energy barriers and the non-trivial finite-size scaling behavior of the Parisi order-parameter distribution. © 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

PhysicsSpin glassCondensed matter physicsMonte Carlo methodGeneral Physics and AstronomyCondensed Matter::Disordered Systems and Neural NetworksHardware and ArchitecturePhase (matter)Ising spinIsing modelStatistical physicsScalingEnergy (signal processing)Monte Carlo algorithmComputer Physics Communications
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Detailed spectroscopy of Bi195

2017

An experiment focused on the study of shape coexistence and new high-spin structures in $^{195}\mathrm{Bi}$ has been performed. The nucleus is in a transitional region of the bismuth isotope chain. A large number of new states have been found, resulting in a significant extension of the previously known level scheme. Several new collective structures have been identified. A strongly coupled rotational band built upon the $13/{2}^{+}$ isomeric state was extended up to ${I}^{\ensuremath{\pi}}=(49/{2}^{+})$ and an energy of 5706 keV. The ${I}^{\ensuremath{\pi}}=31/{2}^{+}$ member of the $\ensuremath{\pi}{i}_{13/2}$ band was also found to feed a new long-lived isomeric state with an excitation …

PhysicsSpins010308 nuclear & particles physicsParity (physics)State (functional analysis)01 natural sciences0103 physical sciencesGamma spectroscopyAtomic physics010306 general physicsSpectroscopyEnergy (signal processing)ExcitationSpin-½Physical Review C
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On the ambiguities of sign determination of the S-matrix from energy levels in a finite box

2013

In a recent paper the authors make a study on the determination of the S-matrix elements for scattering of particles in the infinite volume from the energy levels in a finite box for the case of multiple channels. The study is done with a toy model in 1+1 dimension and the authors find that there is some ambiguity in the sign of nondiagonal matrix elements, casting doubts on whether the needed observables in the infinite volume can be obtained from the energy levels of the box. In this paper I present an easy derivation, confirming the ambiguity of the sign and argue that this, however, does not put restrictions in the determination of observables.

PhysicsStatesNuclear and High Energy PhysicsToy modelVolumemedia_common.quotation_subjectHigh Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)One-dimensional spaceFísicaFOS: Physical sciencesLattice QCDObservableAmbiguityHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyScalar MesonsMatrix (mathematics)Theoretical physicsHigh Energy Physics - LatticeHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Energy (signal processing)media_commonS-matrixSign (mathematics)The European Physical Journal A
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