Search results for "signal processing"

showing 10 items of 2451 documents

Examination of the influence of transfer channels on the barrier height distribution: Scattering ofNe20onNi58,Ni60, andNi61at near-barrier energies

2016

Background: It was suggested that the shape of the barrier height distribution can be determined not only by strong reaction channels (collective excitations) but also by weak channels such as transfers and/or noncollective excitations.Purpose: The study of the barrier height distributions for the $^{20}\mathrm{Ne}+\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}^{58,60,61}\mathrm{Ni}$ systems requires information on transfer cross sections at near-barrier energies.Methods: A measurement of the cross sections for various transfer channels at a backward angle (142 degrees), at a near-barrier energy was performed. Identification of products was based on time-of-flight and $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Delta}}E\text{\ens…

PhysicsStripping (chemistry)010308 nuclear & particles physicsScattering01 natural sciencesShape of the distributionTransfer (group theory)Angular distributionDistribution (mathematics)0103 physical sciencesQuasiparticleAtomic physics010306 general physicsEnergy (signal processing)Physical Review C
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Correlation energy of two-dimensional systems: Toward non-empirical and universal modeling

2009

The capability of density-functional theory to deal with the ground-state of strongly correlated low-dimensional systems, such as semiconductor quantum dots, depends on the accuracy of functionals developed for the exchange and correlation energies. Here we extend a successful approximation for the correlation energy of the three dimensional inhomogeneous electron gas, originally introduced by Becke [J. Chem. Phys. {\bf 88}, 1053 (1988)], to the two-dimensional case. The approach aims to non-empirical modeling of the correlation-hole functions satisfying a set of exact properties. Furthermore, the electron current and spin are explicitly taken into account. As a result, good performance is …

PhysicsStrongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)FOS: Physical sciencesCondensed Matter PhysicsElectron localization functionElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsMagnetic fieldCondensed Matter - Strongly Correlated ElectronsQuantum dotQuantum mechanicsDensity functional theoryFermi gasGround stateEnergy (signal processing)Spin-½
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Validity of power functionals for a homogeneous electron gas in reduced-density-matrix-functional theory

2016

Physically valid and numerically efficient approximations for the exchange and correlation energy are critical for reduced density-matrix functional theory to become a widely used method in electronic structure calculations. Here we examine the physical limits of power functionals of the form $f(n,n')=(n n')^\alpha$ for the scaling function in the exchange-correlation energy. To this end we obtain numerically the minimizing momentum distributions for the three- and two-dimensional homogeneous electron gas, respectively. In particular, we examine the limiting values for the power $\alpha$ to yield physically sound solutions that satisfy the Lieb-Oxford lower bound for the exchange-correlatio…

PhysicsStrongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)ta114FOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technologyElectronic structureFunction (mathematics)021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyKinetic energy01 natural sciencesUpper and lower boundselectron gasMomentumCondensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electronsreduced-density-matrix-functional theoryQuantum mechanics0103 physical sciences010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyFermi gasScalingEnergy (signal processing)Physical Review A
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Penumbral oscillations in Na D lines

1990

Penumbral oscillations were measured in two opposite parts in the penumbra of a spot, using photographic spectra of Na D lines. Power spectra of velocities show the presence of the 5-min oscillation with lowv rms. Coherence and phase analyses between the velocity fluctuations of the lines are also studied. The results seem to show that the 5-min oscillation is still surviving as a standing or evanescent wave at the height of formation of Na D lines.

PhysicsSunspotEvanescent waveOscillationPenumbraPhase (waves)Astronomy and AstrophysicsAstrophysicsSolar physicsSpectral lineSpace and Planetary ScienceAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsCoherence (signal processing)Atomic physicsAstrophysics and Space Science
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High Resolution Spectroscopy ofBΛ12by Electroproduction

2007

An experiment measuring electroproduction of hypernuclei has been performed in Hall A at Jefferson Lab on a $^{12}$C target. In order to increase counting rates and provide unambiguous kaon identification two superconducting septum magnets and a Ring Imaging CHerenkov detector (RICH) were added to the Hall A standard equipment. An unprecedented energy resolution of less than 700 keV FWHM has been achieved. Thus, the observed \lam{12}{B} spectrum shows for the first time identifiable strength in the core-excited region between the ground-state {\it s}-wave $\Lambda$ peak and the 11 MeV {\it p}-wave $\Lambda$ peak.

PhysicsSuperconductivity010308 nuclear & particles physicsResolution (electron density)General Physics and AstronomyOrder (ring theory)Lambda01 natural sciencesRing-imaging Cherenkov detectorNuclear physicsFull width at half maximum0103 physical sciencesNuclear Experiment010306 general physicsSpectroscopyEnergy (signal processing)Physical Review Letters
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Thermalization efficiency of superconducting absorbers for thermal X-ray microcalorimeters

2004

The persistence of long living quasiparticles created in the energy thermalization process can affect the performances of a thermal X-ray microcalorimeter with superconducting absorber. Numerical simulations indicate that in an ab- sorber made of high-purity Sn, operated at temperatures lower than 100 mK, up to 60% of the deposited energy can remain trapped in the quasiparticle system for a time much longer than the time scale of the thermal sensor response, producing a reduction of the SNR of the detector. Other pure superconductors can present the same problem and therefore a microscopic analysis of the physical properties can be useful to identify suitable absorbing materials and optimiz…

PhysicsSuperconductivityCondensed matter physicsPhononDetectorQuasiparticleEnergy Engineering and Power TechnologyTrappingCondensed Matter PhysicsSuperconducting absorberElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsComputational physicsThermalisation: MicrocalorimeterThermalQuasiparticlePhononsElectrical and Electronic EngineeringComputer Science::DatabasesEnergy (signal processing)Physica C: Superconductivity
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Pressure tuning of light-induced superconductivity in K3C60

2017

Optical excitation at terahertz frequencies has emerged as an effective means to manipulate complex solids dynamically. In the molecular solid K3C60, coherent excitation of intramolecular vibrations was shown to transform the high temperature metal into a non-equilibrium state with the optical conductivity of a superconductor. Here we tune this effect with hydrostatic pressure, and we find it to disappear around 0.3 GPa. Reduction with pressure underscores the similarity with the equilibrium superconducting phase of K3C60, in which a larger electronic bandwidth is detrimental for pairing. Crucially, our observation excludes alternative interpretations based on a high-mobility metallic phase…

PhysicsSuperconductivityCondensed matter physicsStrongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)Terahertz radiationCondensed Matter - SuperconductivityBandwidth (signal processing)Hydrostatic pressureGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesArticleSuperconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated ElectronsMolecular solidPairingCondensed Matter::Superconductivity0103 physical sciencesPressure tuning010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyExcitationNature physics
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Development of an array of calorimetric low-temperature detectors for heavy ion physics

2006

Abstract Calorimetric low-temperature detectors have been investigated for several applications in heavy ion physics within the last 15 years. The detectors used consist of sapphire absorbers of 2×3×0.33 mm 3 and superconducting aluminum transition edge sensors operated at T ≈1.5 K. To fully exploit the potential of such detectors for heavy ion physics, a detector array is developed. For this purpose, a specially adapted 4 He bath cryostat with a base temperature of 1.2 K, which allows an active detector area of 30×80 mm 2 , was constructed. As different detectors have different transition temperatures, each detector pixel has to be adjusted to its specific working point and temperature sta…

PhysicsSuperconductivityCryostatNuclear and High Energy PhysicsPixelPhysics::Instrumentation and Detectorsbusiness.industryDetectorResolution (electron density)SapphireOptoelectronicsHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentPoint (geometry)businessInstrumentationEnergy (signal processing)Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
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The energy calibration of LEP in the 1993 scan

1995

This report summarizes the procedure for providing the absolute energy calibration of the LEP beams during the energy scan in 1993. The average beam energy around the LEP ring was measured in 25 calibrations with the resonant depolarization technique. The time variation of this average beam energy is well described by a model of the accelerator based on monitored quantities. The absolute calibration of the centre of mass energies of the off-peak points is determined with a precision of 2 parts in 10(5) resulting in a systematic error on the Z-mass of about 1.4 MeV and on the Z-width of about 1.5 MeV.

PhysicsSystematic errorNuclear physicsPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)CalibrationPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsAccelerators and Storage RingsEngineering (miscellaneous)Beam energyEnergy (signal processing)Absolute calibrationZeitschrift für Physik C Particles and Fields
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Radiative lifetimes of the(1–3)Π1states in NaCs: Experiment and theory

2007

The radiative lifetimes of the $(3)\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}^{1}\ensuremath{\Pi}$ and $D(2)\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}^{1}\ensuremath{\Pi}$ states of the NaCs molecule have been directly measured in a thermal cell from fluorescence kinetics after modulated laser excitation. The experimental ${\ensuremath{\tau}}_{(3)\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}^{1}\ensuremath{\Pi}}^{\mathrm{rad}}$ values of the $(3)\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}^{1}\ensuremath{\Pi}({v}^{\ensuremath{'}}∊[3,25];{J}^{\ensuremath{'}}∊[25,106])$ levels decrease from $29\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\text{to}\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}21\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{ns}$ as the ${v}^{\ensuremath{'}}$ values increase. The measured …

PhysicsSystematic errorPhoton emissionFluorescence kineticsExcited stateRadiative transferSum rule in quantum mechanicsAtomic physicsCoupling (probability)Atomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsEnergy (signal processing)Physical Review A
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